Exam 3: Topic 10 Part 1 Flashcards
what are the three main types of hormones?
- lipid-derived (steroid-derived)
- amine (amino acid-derived)
- polypeptide (a.a.-derived)
what is upregulation? how about downregulation?
- up: increase in receptor number in response to low concentration of hormone
- down: dec. in receptor number due to high hormone conc
what are the three ways a hormone will cause a cell to change?
- activation of genes to alter protein synthesis (steroid hormones)
- activating special proteins in cells via secondary messengers (cAMP, Ca2+)
- altering membrane transport (insulin)
altered DNA activity is _____ acting, ______ lasting
slow acting, long lasting
what are the direct effects of GH?
- stimulates lipolysis
- stimulates gluconeogenesis (maintain plasma glucose)
- stimulates protein synth, a.a. uptake, anabolic effects and such
what is/are the indirect effects of GH?
- stimulates release of IGFs (produced in liver and have anabolic effects)
both GH and IGFs exert ___________ feedback on the _______________
negative feedback on the hypothalamus
what is calcitonin for?
regulation of plasma calcium levels
ADH release is stimulated by:
- high plasma osmolality
- low plasma volume (sweating)
ADH ___________ with sustained high intensity exercise
increases
match the following:
- cortisol
- catecholamines
- aldosterone
a. adrenal medulla
b. adrenal cortex
1b
2a
3b
________________ quickly influence fight or flight.
catecholamines
in renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, all three are (dec. or inc.) during exercise. this is caused by what?
- increased
- reduced blood flow to the kidney
true or false: cortisol supports breakdown of protein to amino acids and gluconeogenesis.
true
___________ serves as an insulin antagonist by inhibiting cellular glucose uptake.
cortisol
