Exam 2 - T5P1 Flashcards
the nervous system has two components. what are they?
central and peripheral
is the nervous system fast or slow at internal communication?
fast
what are the components of the CNS?
brain and spinal cord
do afferent impulses go toward or away from the CNS?
towards the CNS
do efferent impulses go toward or away from the CNS?
away from the CNS?
are afferent impulses sensory or motor?
sensory
are efferent impulses sensory or motor?
motor
what are the three parts of the afferent PNS?
- somatic (outer; non-visceral)
- visceral
- special
what are the parts of the efferent PNS?
- somatic (outer; voluntary)
- autonomic (involuntary)
what are the three parts of the autonomic nervous system?
- sympathetic
- parasympathetic
- enteric
what system does the CNS have coordinated sommunication with?
the endocrine system
what kind of movement does the CNS control?
voluntary movement
what kind of reflexes does the CNS integrate with?
spinal cord reflexes
true or false: the CNS is responsible for the assimilation of experiences necessary for memory and learning.
true
neurons and ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord make up the ______ ________ ______
PNS; peripheral nervous system
what do somatic motor nerve fibers innervate?
skeletal muscle
what do autonomic motor nerve fibers innervate?
organs
what are the components of a neuron?
- cell body
- dendrites
- axon (nerve fiber)
- synapse
- Schwann cells (myelin sheaths)
where is the nucleus in a neuron?
the cell body
what is the purpose of dendrites?
to conduct impulses towards the cell body
what is the purpose of the axon?
to carry the electrical impulse (action potential) away from the cell body
what do Schwann cells do for impulse speed?
the increase the speed of signal transmission
Schwann cells are common in what kind of nerve fibers?
large nerve fibers; fibers that innervate skeletal muscle
what is myelin? what is the space between two myelin sheaths called?
- myelin is a lipid protein
- spaces are called Nodes of Ranvier
does larger axon size increase or decrease the speed of conduction?
increase
impulses must pass the _________ ______ to be passed to the next neuron.
synaptic cleft
what is multiple sclerosis?
a neurological disease that damages myelin sheaths
what are the effects of MS?
- fatigue
- muscle weakness
- poor motor control
- loss of balance
- mental depression
what is thought to be the most important, non-pharmacologic disease treatment?
exercise
stopped on slide 21. why is there so much STUFF
