Exam 3 (Quiz 3 Questions)

Question 1

hormones are defined as:

Answer 1

chemical messengers released into the blood.

Question 2

what hormone is part of the general adaptive syndrome and is called the stress hormone?

Answer 2

cortisol

Question 3

what is an example of a hormonal concentration that will decrease during exercise (relating to hypoglycemia), whereas other hormones will increase during exercise?

Answer 3

insulin (increase: cortisol, epinephrine, growth hormone)

Question 4

how does plasma concentration affect the effect of a hormone on a target organ?

Answer 4

• there needs to be sufficient hormone available in the blood to interact with the target receptor organs.
• altering the magnitude of circulating hormone may cause differences in target organ response.

Question 5

how does the number of active receptors affect the effect of a hormone on a target organ?

Answer 5

• hormones interact with target organs via active receptors. receptors are specific to a hormone.
• if there are insufficient receptors available, then the response will be altered.

Question 6

how does hormone-receptor binding affect the effect of a hormone on a target organ?

Answer 6

• the target organ will only be influenced if sufficient hormone-receptor binding occurs.
• if there is insufficient binding (not enough hormone, receptor is blocked, etc.), the response will not occur.

Question 6

the decrease in receptor number due to a high hormone concentration is known as:

Answer 6

downregulation

Question 7

which of the following is FALSE about growth hormone?

• promotes lipolysis
• influences the release of insulin-like GFs
• promotes gluconeogenesis
• facilitates the actions of insulin

Answer 7

facilitates the actions of insulin

Question 8

true or false: chronic completion of daily high volume training volumes, such as with professional marathon runners, is likely to lead to chronically elevated testosterone levels.

Answer 8

false

Question 9

True or false: in highly trained individuals, the catecholamine release at maximal exercise is likely to be less than untrained individuals.

Answer 9

False >:(
- it doesn’t really affect rest levels but max levels are higher.

Question 10

Match the following:

• cortisol
• pancreas
• testosterone
• catecholamines
• anterior pituitary

a. insulin
b. adrenal cortex
c. adrenal medulla
d. testes and ovaries
e. growth hormone

Answer 10

• cortisol: adrenal cortex
• pancreas: insulin
• testosterone: testes and ovaries
• catecholamines: adrenal medulla
• anterior pituitary: growth hormone

Question 11

genetics may account for as much as _____ of someone’s VO2max (starting point and potential for adaptation).

Answer 11

50%

Question 12

changes in what component of the “big three” of aerobic performance most closely represents change in ability to exert homeostatic control for prolonged exercise?

Answer 12

lactate threshold

Question 13

most of the early increases in VO2max are attributed to:

Answer 13

increases in maximal cardiac output

Question 14

the exercise-induced gene expression from aerobic exercise is largely regulated by:

Answer 14

PGC-1(alpha)

Question 15

after improving running economy, what change would you expect if the absolute running speed is kept the same?

Answer 15

a lower VO2 at that speed