Exam 3 - species Flashcards
info about general species
What was the time range of Sahelanthropus tchadensis?
6-7 million years ago
Where are sites that the Sahelanthropus tchadensis found?
Toros-Menalla, Chad
What is the cranial capacity of Sahelanthropus tchadensis?
375-550 cc
What are some general morphologies of Sahelanthropus tchadensis?
small brain, prominent brow ridge, sagittal chest, large muscle attachment at back of skull
What was the time range of Orrorin tegenensis?
6.2-5.8 mya
Where are sites that the Orrorin tegenensis found?
Kenya
What are some general morphologies of Orrorin tegenensis?
small molars, curved pholanx, thick enamel, femora with bipedal adaptations
What was the time range for Ardipithecus ramidus?
4.5.-4.2 mya
Where are sites that the Ardipithecus ramidus can be found?
Middle Awash and Aramis
Who were the paleoanthropologists involved in the discovery of Ardipithecus ramidus?
Tim White
What was the cranial capacity of Ardipithecus ramidus?
300-350 cc
What are some general morphologies of Ardipithecus ramidus?
small skull, substantial prognothism, opposable big toe to grasp branches
Who were the paleoanthropologists involved in the discovery of Sahelanthropus tchadensis?
Michel Brunet
Who were the paleoanthropologists involved in the discovery of Orrorin tegenensis?
Martin Pickford and Bridgette Senut
What was the time range of Australopithecus anamensis?
4.2-3.9 mya
Where are sites that the Australopithecus anamensis be found?
Kanapoi and Allia Bay in Kenya
Who were the paleoanthropologists involved in the discovery of Australopithecus anamensis?
Meave Leaky and Alan Walker
What was the cranial capacity of Australopithecus anamensis?
375-550 cc
What were some general morphologies for Australopithecus anamesis?
thick enamel, large molars, large canine, u-hsaped dental arcade
What was the time range of Australopithecus afarensis?
3.6-3.0 mya
Where are sites that the Australopithecus afarensis be found?
Hadar, Ethiopia
Who were the paleoanthropologists involved in the discovery of Australopithecus afarensis?
Donal Johanson, Mary Leaky, and Zereseney Alemsegod
What is the cranial capacity of Australopithecus afarensis?
380-500cc
What are some general morphologies of Australopithecus afarensis?
subnasal progothism, large incisors, parallel tooth rows, very sexually dimorphic
What was the time range for Australopithecus africanus?
3.0-2.0 mya
Where are sites that the Australopithecus africanus be located?
Taung, South Africa
Who were the paleoanthropologists involved in the discovery of Australopithecus africanus?
Raymond Dart, Robert Brown
What is the cranial capacity of Australopithecus africanus?
~450 cc
What are general morphologies of Australopithecus africanus?
small bodied, larger brain, shifted search to Africa, bipedal and arboreal adaptations
What was the time range of Australopithecus sediba?
1.95-1.78 mya
Where are sites that the Australopithecus sediba be located?
Malapa Cave, South Africa
Who were the paleoanthropologists involved in the discovery of Australopithecus sediba?
Lee and Matthew Burger
What was the cranial capacity of Australopithecus sediba?
~420 cc
What are some general morphologies of the Australopithecus sediba?
small brain size, brow ridges, small body, arboreal features, reduced facial features, brain reorganization
What was the time range of Paranthropus aethiopicusis?
2.7-2.3 mya
Where are the sites for Paranthropus aethiopicusis?
East Africa
Who were the paleoanthropologists involved in the discovery of Paranthropus aethiopicusis?
Alan Walker and Richard Leaky
What was the cranial capacity for Paranthropus aethiopicusis?
~410 cc
What are some general morphologies for Paranthropus aethipicusis?
upper facial progrothism, converging dental rows, broad flat face, saggital crest, large posterior teeth
What was the time range for Paranthropus boisei?
2.3-1.0 mya
Where are the sites for Paranthropus boisei?
Olduvai Gorge, Tanzia
Who were the paleoanthropolgists involved in the discovery of Paranthropus boisei?
Mary and Richard Leaky
What was the cranial capacity of Paranthropus boisei?
500cc
What are some general morphologies for Paranthropus boisei?
large premolars and molars, think enamel, large saggital chest, small front teeth, dished face
What was the time range for Paranthropus robustus?
2.0-1.0 mya
Where are the sites for Paranthropus robustus?
South Africa
Who were the paleoanthropologists involved in the discovery of Paranthropus robustus?
quarryman
What was the cranial capacity of Paranthropus robustus?
530cc
What are some general morphologies of Paranthropus robustus?
huge cheek, broad tooth, dish shaped face, high sexual dimorphism, large zygomatic arches, thcik enamel
What was the time range for Homo habilis?
2.4-1.8 mya
Where are the sites for Homo habilis?
Olduvai Gorge, Tanzia, and Koobi Fora, Kenya
Who were the paleoanthropologists involved in the discovery of Homo habilis?
Mary, Louis, and Richard Leaky
What was the cranial capacity of Homo habilis?
631 cc
What are some general morphologies of Homo habilis?
moderate progothism, long arms, robust and curved phalanges, larger brains, smaller face and teeth, Oldowan tools, well developed foot arch
What was the time range for Homo rudolfensis?
1.8-1.4 mya
Where are the sites for Homo rudolfensis?
Koobi Fora, Kenya
Who were the paleoanthropologists involved in the discovery of Homo rudolfensis?
Bernard Ngeneo
What was the cranial capacity of Homo rudolfensis?
751 cc
What are some general morphologies of Homo rudolfensis?
large cheek tooth, prominent cheek bones, large brain, long face, reduced prognothism, Oldowan Tools
What was the time range for Homo erectus?
1.8 mya - 100 kya
Where are the sites for Homo erectus?
Africa, Europe, Asia
Who were the paleoanthropologists involved in discovering Homo erectus?
Eugene Dubois
What was the cranial capacity of Homo erectus?
700-1250cc
What are some general morphologies for Homo erectus in Africa?
larger and more robust body, larger brains, long and low braincase, large brow ridge, sagittal keel, projecting nuchal terrus
What are some general morphologies for Homo erectus in Europe (whats different from Africa)?
large brow ridge, long and low braincase, large progranathic face, but smaller cranial capacities than Africa
