Exam 3 review Flashcards
Stock markets completely collapsed on Black ________________ on October ___, 1929, heralding the start of the Great Depression
Tuesday; 29
By 1932 one out of every ____ Americans were unemployed.
4
Shanty towns that popped up on the edge of cities were known as __________________.
Hoovervilles
In spring 1932 the Bonus Army marched on Washington D.C. demanding ________________________________
Payment for WWII services
President Hoover believed the best way to help the needy during the Great Depression was through __________________________
voluntary cooperation
Hoover was President of the __________________ Party
Republican
On March 9, 1933, the _______________________ Act was passed, allowing only the strongest banks to reopen with federal support
Emergency Banking Act
Fireside chats were
Chats by President Roosevelt by radio to give the public hope
The ________________ was designed to bring electricity and jobs to the Tennessee Valley
Tennessee Valley Authority
The purpose of the Civilian Conservation Corp was to __________________________________
Guarantee a wage of $30 a month for working outside the city
The ______________________ Act of May 1933 was designed to alleviate the suffering of farmers
Agricultural Adjustment Act
The Louisiana native known as “Kingfish” who criticized President Roosevelt was ________________
Huey Long
Francis Townsend, another demagogue of the era, sought to alleviate the suffering of ______________ with his plan
old people
The Wagner Act of 1935 allowed _____________________________________
Unions to organize
The ____________________________ Act of 1935 sought to protect the elderly and disabled
Social Security act
FDR’s “court packing” plan involved _________________________________________ to make it easier for him to pass his New Deal legislation
Retiring Judges over 70; 15 judges instead of 9
The ___________________________ Act of 1938 set a minimum wage and abolished child labor
Fair Labor Standards Act
The English economist ______________________ wrote “The General Theory of Employment” in 1936, in which he spoke of the importance of government deficit spending during tough economic times
John Maynard Keynes
The _______________________ Pact of 1928 called for the elimination of war as a tool of foreign policy
Kellogg Briand Pact
On the eve of World War Two the European countries of ______________ and ______________ embraced fascism
Germany and Italy
Japan invaded the Chinese province of Manchuria in 1931 because ___________________________
they wanted access to new materials
World War Two started when _____________________________
Hitler invaded Poland
The ____________________ Committee suggested money helped to influence the outbreak of World War One
NYE
In 1937 FDR announced that if a nation wanted to purchase weaponry from the United States it would have to do so on a ________ and _______ basis
cash and carry
The United States officially entered the war a day after the Japanese attack at ________________
Pearl Harbor
The _____________________ was responsible for the conversion of U.S. industries to wartime production
War Production Board
The number of federal workers during the war rose from 1 million to ____ million
4
FDR signed Executive Order 9066 to ______________________________
expel all Japanese from West Coast
Korematsu vs U.S. was a Supreme Court case that ruled ____________________ was justified during wartime
Japanese internment camps
The Allied invasion of Europe across the English Channel was known as Operation ____________________
overlord/ D-Day
What did Hitler do before Germany surrendered to the Allies? _____________________
Suicide
At the Battle of ___________ the threat of Japan seizing Australia was ended
Coral Sea
After the Battle of _____________ the Japanese fleet in the Pacific was decimated, placing them on the defensive for the rest of the war
Midway
The first atomic bomb was dropped on _____________________
Hiroshima
When FDR died in office he was succeeded by __________________________
Harry Truman
The final “Big Three” meeting took place at __________________, near Berlin in July 1945.
Postdom
The “Big Three” were ____________________, _______________________ and ___________________
Russia, England, and The USA
Winston Churchill described the division of Europe as an ________________
Iron Curtain
Written by _________________, an official at the U.S. Embassy in Moscow, his “Long Telegram” introduced the term “containment” when dealing with the Soviets
George Keenan
The Truman Doctrine called for _____________________________
open ended assistance to nations opposed to communism
Truman’s Secretary of State who called for the rebuilding of Europe was __________________________
George Marshall
Name the nations that controlled a portion of Germany after WWII. __________________________________________________________
USA, England, Russia, and France
What does NATO mean? ____________________________________
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Joseph Stalin imposed a_______________________________________ to try to get the United States out of West Berlin
Blockaide
The U.S. response was to carry out the _____________________ for eleven months until the Soviets backed down
Shipments through air
With the passage of the _________________ Act in 1947 the Department of Defense unified its armed forces
National Security Act
NSC-68 described the Cold War as an epic struggle between the idea of ______________ and the idea of ______________
Freedom and slavery
During the Chinese civil war of 1949 the communist faction was led by _____________________
Mao Zedong
The man in charge of overseeing Japan’s transition to constitutional democracy was General ______________
MacArther
During the Korean War _______________ supplied weapons to the North and ______________ supplied weapons to the South
Soviets and USA
After the United Nations got too close to the North Korean northern border the nation of _____________ launched a massive military attack on them forcing them back across the 38th parallel
China
Truman’s domestic policy was called ___________________
Fair Deal
The _______ Amendment to the Constitution was ratified in February 1951, meaning that _________________________________________
22nd, A President could only serve 2 terms
Because of his behavior President Truman fired _____________________ from his military position during the Korean War
MacArther
The House Un-American Activities Committee believed _______________ in California was full of communist sympathizers
Hollywood
_____________________ is best associated with the Second Red Scare’s hunt for communists
McCarthyism
The 1952 presidential election pitted ________________________, the Democratic governor of Illinois, against Republican _____________________, a military hero from World War Two
Adlai Stevenson, Dwight D. Eisenhower
In 1961 the outgoing president warned the nation of an ____________________ Complex, which was _____________________________
Military-Industrial Complex
By 1960, ___% of the American people enjoyed a middle class lifestyle. Also by 1960, the poverty rate stood at _____%
60%, 22%
By 1960 _____million people (one-third of Americans) lived in the suburbs
60
Because of the baby boom the U.S. population increased by ____% between 1950-1960
19%
______________ used mass production techniques to build inexpensive homes on a large scale
Levitowns
The sputnik was ___________________
Soviet Satellite
During the 1950s this counter culture movement _________________ became disenchanted with the era’s crass consumerism
Beatnicks
In his novel _______________, Jack Kerouac bemoaned the moral bankruptcy of popular culture
On the Road
Truman used his executive power in 1948 to desegregate the armed forces. Which branch of the military refused to desegregate until the Korean War?
Army
The head of the NAACP Thurgood Marshall was adamantly opposed to the idea of separate but ___________, especially when it came to schools
Equal
Brown vs. Board of Education ruled that _______________________________
Schools should be desegregated ASAP
The first major test of Brown vs. Board of Education came in 1957 when 9 black students attempted to enroll in Central High School in _____________________, Arkansas
Little Rock
Arkansas’ governor, ______________ called out the National Guard to prevent the black students from entering the school
Orval Faubus
In December 1955, _______________, an African American seamstress refused to give up her seat on a city bus
Rosa Parks
The city of Montgomery’s black population instigated a _________ of the bus system in response to her arrest
Boycott
The president of the Montgomery Improvement Association was 26 year old pastor _____________
Martin Luther King
In June 1956 the Montgomery Federal Court ruled that bus segregation violated the _____th Amendment to the Constitution
14th
On February 1st 1960 the first sit-in took place in ___________________ to protest segregation laws
Woolworth, North Carolina
The S.N.C.C. stood for _________________________
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
