Exam 3 Quizes 9-12

Question 1

What did American soldiers discover upon reaching the interior of Germany in 1945?

Answer 1

Concentration camps where the Nazis systematically murdered millions of Jews and so-called undesirables

Question 2

Which of the following was agreed to at the Yalta conference?

Answer 2

The Soviets would have a sphere of influence in Eastern Europe

Question 3

The Allied invasion of Europe by the Allied Expeditionary Force was known as Operation

Answer 3

Overlord

Question 4

What did Executive Order 9066 do?

Answer 4

Ordered that all foreigners and Americans of Japanese, descent be confined in concentration camps for the purpose of national security

Question 5

Why was the attack on Pearl Harbor significant?

Answer 5

It was a surprise attack that immediately caused the United States to enter the war and brought the isolationist movement to an abrupt end.

Question 6

To assist Great Britain and their need for supplies, Roosevelt secured an agreement to give Great Britain a number of old U.S. warships in exchange for

Answer 6

The ability to build military bases on British island colonies in the Caribbean

Question 7

In 1937, President Roosevelt announced that if a warring nation were to try and purchase military goods from the United States, they should expect to

Answer 7

Pay cash for the items, and find a way to carry it back to their nation.

Question 8

In response to Italy’s invasion of Ethiopia, the United States passed the

Answer 8

Neutrality Acts

Question 9

During the 1930s, China was weakened by civil war between __________ and _________

Answer 9

Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-Shek

Question 10

A radical form of totalitarian government in which a dictator uses propaganda to seize control of all aspects of national life is known as fascism.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What describes the challenges President Truman faced as he took office after Franklin D. Roosevelt’s death?

Answer 11

Waging a “cold war” against communism and helping to rebuild Europe

Question 12

In 1945, the Soviet Union violated promises made at the Yalta Conference when they began to occupy

Answer 12

Eastern European nations.

Question 13

What did Winston Churchill compare the boundary between Soviet-occupied Eastern Europe and Western Europe to?

Answer 13

An iron curtain

Question 14

What was the name of the policy proposed by George F. Kennan to combat the growing Soviet threat after World War II?

Answer 14

Containment

Question 15

The Truman Doctrine was announced in response to turmoil in

Answer 15

Greece and Turkey.

Question 16

What was the name of the financial and technical assistance package provided to war-ravaged Europe after World War II?

Answer 16

The Marshall Plan

Question 17

What nations controlled portions of a divided Germany after World War II?

Answer 17

The United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union

Question 18

What did Joseph Stalin do in Berlin to try to force the United States to leave?

Answer 18

He ordered a blockade of West Berlin

Question 19

In 1949 the United States became part of the __________, the largest collective defense alliance in the world.

Answer 19

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Question 20

In what way did the Chinese civil war prove significant for the cold war?

Answer 20

It resulted in the victory of Communists over Chinese Nationalists, although the United States would continue to recognize the Nationalist government as the official government

Question 21

Who was placed in command of the UN forces in Korea during the Korean War?

Answer 21

Douglas MacArthur

Question 22

In May 1947, charges that __________ was a “hotbed of communism” led to a Congressional investigation

Answer 22

Hollywood

Question 23

Who was the U.S. senator who made reckless charges and groundless accusations of the extent of communist activity in America during the early 1950s?

Answer 23

Joseph McCarthy

Question 24

What bill did President Truman veto because he said it would create government “thought control”?

Answer 24

McCarran Internal Security Act

Question 25

Why did President Truman not seek a second term in 1952?

Answer 25

He felt he would not win since his approval rating was so low

Question 26

What was Truman’s legacy as president.

Answer 26

He helped open the way for what Dwight D. Eisenhower would eventually call the military-industrial complex, in part through the creation of new government agencies.

Question 27

T/F

The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act was also known as the GI Bill of Rights.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

T/F

Truman’s firing of General MacArthur in 1951 was one of the most popular actions of his presidency.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

T/F
Former Soviet spy Whittaker Chambers accused Alger Hiss, who had worked for several U.S. government agencies, of supplying U.S. secret documents to the Soviets.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

In 1949 the Supreme Court upheld the Smith Act of 1940 arguing that __________ overrode the right to free speech.

Answer 30

a clear and present danger to the United States

Question 31

T/F

President Eisenhower was committed politically to “moderate Republicanism.”

Answer 31

True

Question 32

T/F

The Federal-Aid Highway Act created a national network of interstate highways across America.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

T/F

The postwar era witnessed tremendous economic depression.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

In order to reassure some conservatives, the Republican Party chose the youthful and ambitious __________ as Eisenhower’s running mate in 1952.

Answer 34

Richard Nixon

Question 35

What contributed to the state of the economy in the United States after World War II?

Answer 35

Massive construction of U.S. highways and airports

Question 36

What contributed to the growth of suburbia in the 1950s?

Answer 36

The expansion of the middle class and need for housing close to cities

Question 37

After World War II, __________ migrated to the urban North in record numbers.

Answer 37

African Americans

Question 38

Which of the following statements accurately describes the experiences of women in the 1950s?

Answer 38

Although advertisements and popular culture emphasized middle class women’s role as homemakers, many women worked outside the home out of necessity.

Question 39

A controversial new group of young artists, writers, and poets emerged in the 1950s that rejected traditional middle-class values and materialism. What were they known as?

Answer 39

Beats

Question 40

In the case __________, the Supreme Court ruled the concept of “separate but equal” unconstitutional.

Answer 40

Brown v. Board of Education

Question 41

On December 1, 1955 __________, an African American seamstress, refused to relinquish her seat to a white man on a city bus.

Answer 41

Rosa Parks

Question 42

In 1957, nine African American students attended Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas for the first time. Which of the following statements accurately describes the actions taken by Eisenhower?

Answer 42

Eisenhower reluctantly dispatched federal troops there to maintain law and order, angering many southern politicians.

Question 43

First organized by Martin Luther King Jr. in 1957, the __________ grew into a powerful group that would lead civil rights protests and activities into the 1960s.

Answer 43

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Question 44

In Indochina, the League for Independence of Vietnam was led by

Answer 44

Ho Chi Minh.

Question 45

President Eisenhower used the __________ theory to explain why the United States needed to fight communism in Vietnam

Answer 45

falling domino

Question 46

The first step in Egyptian General Gamal Abdel Nasser’s bid to become the leader of the Arab world was

Answer 46

seizing the Suez Canal.

Question 47

T/F
According to the textbook, the United States experienced a wave of juvenile delinquency in the 1950s because of access to automobiles.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

T/F

Martin Luther King, Jr. encouraged a tactic known as nonviolent civil disobedience to promote the civil rights movement.

Answer 48

True

Question 49

T/F
In October 1957, the United States took the lead in the space race by launching the first satellite into orbit around the earth.

Answer 49

False

Question 50

What was the line of thinking behind the creation of Dulles’s and Eisenhower’s strategy of mass retaliation?

Answer 50

The United States could not afford more military expenditures like those of the Korean War, so it would use the threat of nuclear warfare to combat the global threat of communism.

Question 51

The name of President Kennedy’s domestic policy was the

Answer 51

New Frontier.

Question 52

President Kennedy was the first __________ and the __________ man to be elected president in U.S. history.

Answer 52

Roman Catholic; youngest

Question 53

According to the textbook, the most important development in domestic life during the sixties occurred in

Answer 53

civil rights.

Question 54

President Kennedy was humiliated by a failed attack on Cuba by CIA-trained Cuban exiles at

Answer 54

the Bay of Pigs.

Question 55

In 1962, U.S. spy planes discovered what appeared to be Soviet missile sites in

Answer 55

Cuba.

Question 56

The civil rights movement gained momentum in 1960 when several young black men staged a “sit-in” at a __________ lunch counter.

Answer 56

Woolworth’s

Question 57

Because of the tenacity of the Freedom Riders in the early 1960s,

Answer 57

the Interstate Commerce Commission ordered all interstate transportation integrated.

Question 58

Who wrote “Letter from Birmingham Jail” while incarcerated for participating in a civil rights demonstration?

Answer 58

Martin Luther King Jr

Question 59

To prevent racial integration from occurring at the University of Alabama, Governor ___________ blocked the door to the institution.

Answer 59

George Wallace

Question 60

Despite being a southern Democrat, Lyndon Johnson was extremely committed to __________ legislation once he became president.

Answer 60

civil rights

Question 61

As part of an elaborate domestic legislative agenda, President Lyndon Johnson declared an “unconditional war on _________ in America.”

Answer 61

poverty

Question 62

President Lyndon Johnson’s plan to provide health insurance for the elderly is known as

Answer 62

Medicare.

Question 63

T/F

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 gave new powers to the federal government to enforce civil rights.

Answer 63

True

Question 64

T/F

Lyndon Johnson’s domestic program was called the “Great Society.”

Answer 64

True

Question 65

The __________ gave President Johnson the authority to do whatever was necessary to prevent further aggression in Vietnam toward the United States.

Answer 65

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Question 66

The first sustained bombing of North Vietnam by the United States was called Operation

Answer 66

Rolling Thunder.

Question 67

At the end of January 1968, Viet Cong and North Vietnamese forces attacked American and South Vietnamese targets in a large, well-coordinated attack known as

Answer 67

the Tet Offensive.

Question 68

What sparked race riots in more than 100 cities in 1968?

Answer 68

The assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.

Question 69

Who won the presidential election of 1968?

Answer 69

Richard Nixon

Question 70

__________ dismissed both Republicans and Democrats as being too liberal when he ran as an American Independent in the 1968 presidential election.

Answer 70

George Wallace