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Biology 181 > Exam 3 Review > Flashcards

Exam 3 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Where does translation occur?

A

the cytoplasm

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2
Q

What does translation produce?

A

proteins

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3
Q

What type of RNA contains anticodons?

A

tRNA

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4
Q

Which type of RNA acts as an enzyme?

A

rRNA

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5
Q

Which type of RNA delivers amino acids to the ribosome?

A

tRNA

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6
Q

Which type of RNA is part of a ribosome?

A

rRNA

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7
Q

Which type of RNA is active in the cytoplasm?

A

rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA

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8
Q

Which type of RNA is clover-leaf shaped?

A

tRNA

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9
Q

Which type of RNA has codons?

A

mRNA

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10
Q

What type of bond is a peptide bond?

A

covalent

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11
Q

What two atoms link in a peptide bond?

A

C - N

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12
Q

What structure consists of two or more polypeptides working together?

A

quaternary structure

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13
Q

What structure is 3D and stabilized by interactions among R-groups?

A

tertiary structure

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14
Q

What structure is a sequence of amino acids?

A

primary structure

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15
Q

What structure is an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet?

A

secondary structure

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16
Q

What does denature mean in reference to proteins?

A

change in protein shape due to environment

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17
Q

Define enzyme specificity.

A

the degree to which an enzyme is particular in its ability to catalyze a singular reaction, refers to enzyme shape

18
Q

List some attributes of enzymes.

A
  1. they catalyze chemical reactions
  2. they control metabolism
  3. they are sensitive to temperature and pH
  4. they are reusable
19
Q

In which type of enzyme regulation do the substrate and inhibitor both fit the active site?

A

competitive inhibition

20
Q

In which type of enzyme regulation must the enzyme have 4^0 structure?

A

allosteric inhibition

21
Q

In which type of enzyme regulation does the product control the reaction?

A

feedback inhibition

22
Q

What does meiosis produce in the human life-cycle?

A

gametes

23
Q

mitosis or meiosis- ploidy level of product does not differ from ploidy level of parent cell

A

mitosis

24
Q

mitosis or meiosis- is always fallowed by cytokinesis

A

neither

25
Q

mitosis or meiosis- recombination may occur

A

meiosis

26
Q

mitosis or meiosis- chromosomes condense and become visible

A

both

27
Q

mitosis or meiosis- DNA replicates prior to it

A

both

28
Q

mitosis or meiosis- utilizes a spindle

A

both

29
Q

mitosis or meiosis- produces four daughter cells

A

meiosis

30
Q

mitosis or meiosis- is responsible for growth and wound healing

A

mitosis

31
Q

When does the spindle re-orient perpendicular to the original spindle?

A

prophase II

32
Q

When does crossing over occur?

A

prophase I

33
Q

After which phase does interkinesis occur if any?

A

telophase I

34
Q

How many possible different types of gametes can an individual with the following genotype produce? AaBbCcDdEe

A

32

35
Q

What is a device used to predict all possible gametes with a known genotype?

A

tree diagram

36
Q

One allele can mask the expression of another allele.

A

Law of Dominance

37
Q

If an organism is described as homozygous dominant, for example.

A

genotype

38
Q

The expression of genes or how an organism looks.

A

phenotype

39
Q

A mechanism that predicts the genotypes of all possible outcomes from all possible gamete combinations.

A

Punnet square

40
Q

If you get a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1 in the F2 generation of sprees, what was the genotype of the grandparents (P generation)? What type of cross is this?

A

one homozygous dominant, one homozygous recessive

dihybrid cross

41
Q

Red flower color is dominant to white flower color. When I crossed a homozygous red flower to a homozygous white flower, all of the offspring were pink. What’s going on?

A

blended inheritance

42
Q

In Drosophila (fruit fly) ebony is a recessive mutant causing black body color when homozygous, as opposed to the normal tan color. If an ebony colored male is crossed to a homozygous tan female, what will be the color of the offspring?

A

tan

Biology 181 (5 decks)

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