Exam 3 Quiz

Question 1

If pt has hx of angioedema, what htn class of meds would we avoid prescribing them?

Answer 1

ACEI

Question 2

If pt has a hx of AV node dysfunction or a heart block, what htn class of meds would we avoid prescribing and why?

Answer 2

Beta blockers or calcium channel blockers, because we don’t want to block them down further

Question 3

Male pt with HTN and BPH, what class of meds would we prescribe?

Answer 3

Alpha 1 blocker

Question 4

If pt has hx of depression, what class of htn meds would we avoid prescribing?

Answer 4

Beta blockers

Question 5

What class of HTN meds are first line for DM and why?

Answer 5

ACE/ARBS and they are renal protective

Question 6

What class of HTN meds are contraindicated for DM and why?

Answer 6

Beta blockers, because they mask hypoglycemic symptoms

Question 7

What class of htn meds do we avoid in pts with gout and why?

Answer 7

Thiazides (HCTZ), increase Uric acid levels

Question 8

What htn med is first line in pregnancy?

Answer 8

Methyledopa

Question 9

What is first line treatment for high blood pressure?

Answer 9

Lifestyle modifications

Question 10

How many reading and how far apart is required to diagnose htn?

Answer 10

At least three readings 1 to 4 weeks apart

Question 11

What htn medicine can cause reflex tachycardia?

Answer 11

Hydralazine

Question 12

What htn med can cause peripheral edema?

Answer 12

Calcium Chanel blocker (amlodipine)

Question 13

What class of htn meds can cause a cough?

Answer 13

ACE

Question 14

What system regulated Na, K, and fluid balance?

Answer 14

RAAS

Question 15

What is the first line treatment for high blood pressure in African Americans?

Answer 15

Lifestyle modifications

Question 16

If lifestyle modifications fail, what is medical treatment in African Americans for htn?

Answer 16

HCTZ/ CCB

Question 17

What is first line treatment for htn in pts with DM?

Answer 17

ACE/ARBs

Question 18

Which class of hypertensive medications is contraindicated with heart failure?

Answer 18

CCBs (think saggy heart)

Question 19

Which HTN meds should we avoid in a patient with a sulfa allergy?

Answer 19

Thiazides and loop diuretics.

Question 20

MOA: sodium and chloride is inhibited in the ascending loop of henle and early distal tubules. Increased secretion of sodium and chloride?

Answer 20

Thiazide Diuretics

Question 21

What medications MOA: sodium and chloride’s reabsorption is inhibited at the proximal and distal tubules and the loop of henle?

Answer 21

Loop Diuretics

Question 22

What medications MOA: interferes with sodium reabsorption at the distal tubules. Decreased potassium secretion.

Answer 22

Potassium Sparing Diuretics

Question 23

Which HTN medication is contraindicated in COPD?

Answer 23

Beta Blockers

Question 24

What medication do you not want to discontinue suddenly due to severe rebound hypertensive crisis. And to taper over 14 days?

Answer 24

Beta Blockers

Question 25

What HTN med can we not stop abruptly due to increased BP and we must education the patient of this?

Answer 25

Central Alpha 2 Receptor agonists

Question 26

What is the primary cause of hyperlipidemia?

Answer 26

Genetics and family history.

Question 27

Which HTN Med classes do we avoid in renal artery stenosis?

Answer 27

ACE and ARBs

Question 28

Which HTN meds blocks angiotensin 1 from converting to angiotensin 2?

Answer 28

ACE Inhibitors

Question 29

What HTN med has adverse effects of: chronic dry cough, angioedema and hyperkalemia?

Answer 29

ACE Inhibitors

Question 30

What HTN meds is used in pts. with DM?

Answer 30

ACE & ARBs

Question 31

What are the side effects of stopping a beta-blocker suddenly?

Answer 31

Rebound HTN

Question 32

What HTN med do we not use in a pt. with AV node dysfunction?

Answer 32

CCB

Question 33

What med decreases total cholesterol & LDL?

Answer 33

Zetia

Question 34

What is a side of effect of niacin?

Answer 34

Flushing, give aspirin

Question 35

What level of LDL do you want to decrease statin dose?

Answer 35

<40mg/dL

Question 36

MOA: blocks absorption of sugar molecules int he guts

Answer 36

Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors

Question 37

Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors med names?

Answer 37

Arcabose & Glyset

Question 38

What are some side effects of Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors?

Answer 38

Flatulance & diarrhea

Question 39

MOA: stimulates insulin release from the beta cells?

Answer 39

Sulfonylureas

Question 40

What oral anti-diabetic is not 1st line due to hypoglycemia?

Answer 40

Sulfonylureas

Question 41

Pt. education: go up 2-4 units every 3-4 days (NOT EVERYDAY)?

Answer 41

Long acting insulin

Question 42

Diagnosing DM: HbA1c & FBG levels?

Answer 42

HbA1c >6.5% | FBG >126

Question 43

Names of meglitinides?

Answer 43

starlix and prandin

Question 44

One major precaution with Metformin?

Answer 44

Iodine, do not take metformin the day of procedure with iodine dye or 48 hours after procedure

Question 45

What oral antidiabetic class do you want to increase water intake, sugar in urine and increased risk for UTIs?

Answer 45

SGLT-2 Inhibitors

Question 46

what oral antidiabetic do you not want to use in CHF patients?

Answer 46

TZDs

Question 47

When do we use Hydralazine?

Answer 47

Hypertensive emergencies and pre-eclampsia

Question 48

T/F is hydralazine a vasodilator?

Answer 48

True

Question 49

If patient was taking diltiazem and was hypotensive, would you hold this Med?

Answer 49

No! Diltiazem and verapamil are non-dihydropyridine CCB and are used more for rate control than BP.

Question 50

What Med would you prescribe your hypertensive pregnant patient?

Answer 50

Methyldopa (Aldomet) which is a central Alpha 2 receptor agonist

Question 51

``` All of the following influence BP except? A. Sympathetic nervous system B. Mean arterial pressure C. Baroreceptors D. Cardiac output ```

Answer 51

B. Mean arterial pressure