Exam 3 - Plants

Question 1

What is the difference between pollination and fertilization in flowering plants?

Answer 1

Pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma. Fertilization is the fusion of haploid nuclei

Question 2

Which of the following sex and generation combinations most directly produces the pollen tube?

Answer 2

Male gametophyte

Question 3

The generative cell of male angiosperm gametophytes is haploid. This cell divides to produce two haploid sperm cells. What type of cell division does the generative cell undergo to produce these sperm cells?

Answer 3

Mitosis

Question 4

What is the main force by which most of the water within xylem vessels moves toward the top of the tree?

Answer 4

Evaporation of water through stoma

Question 5

Which of the following was not a challenge for survival of the first land plants?

Answer 5

Animal predation

Question 6

In which environment would you expect to find an annual plant with a brief growing period and seeds capable of long dormant periods?

Answer 6

Desert

Question 6

A seed surrounded by a soft, fleshy fruit most likely evolved to be dispersed

Answer 6

After being consumed and then defecated by an animal

Question 7

Select all that are true about Parthenocapry

Answer 7

Fruit grows extremely large

Birth control for plants

Auxin or gibberellins cause fruit formation without fertilization

You don’t get to spit watermelon seeds at your friends

Question 8

If a female orchid bee has just left a Brazil nut tree with nectar in her stomach, and if she visits another flower on a different Brazil nut tree, what is the sequence in which the following events should occur?

Answer 8

1. Pollination
2. Pollen tube emerges from pollen grain
3. Pollen tube enters micropyle
4. Double fertilization

Question 9

Match the organ to the job

Answer 9

Bear the megasporangia, stalk is the style; top where pollen lands is the stigma, contains one of more ovules and is called the ovary – carpel

Is composed of a filament and anther that contains the microsporangia, bear the male microsporangia – stamen

Question 10

Which of the following have unevenly thickened primary walls that support and structural tissue of the young, growing parts of the plant?

Answer 10

Collenchyma cells

Question 11

Lycophytes are economically important to which industry, for which purpose?

Answer 11

The movie industry for explosions

Question 12

The ancestors of land plants were aquatic algae. Which of the following is not an evolutionary adaptation to life on land?

Answer 12

C3 photosynthesis

Question 13

Which of the following types of plants are incapable of self-pollination?

Answer 13

Dioecious

Question 14

If a fern gametophyte is a hermaphrodite, then it

Answer 14

Belongs to a species that is homosporous

Question 15

Lignin in the cell walls provides structural support, allowing taller growth, Taller plants can intercept more sunlight and disperse spores more effectively

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Select the plants that have been bred by humans

Answer 16

Select all

Question 17

What helps grapes grow without seeds?

Answer 17

Gibberellin

Question 18

Which of the plant absorbs the most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

Answer 18

Root hairs

Question 19

The fruit of the mistletoe is a one-seeded berry. In some members of the genus Viscum, the outside of the seed is viscous (sticky), which permits the seed to adhere to surfaces. This adaptation provides the plant with two advantages. 1) Since mistletoe is also a parasitic plant, the sticky seed can adhere to the branches of host plants and 2) the sticky seed can adhere to the beaks of birds. Scientists researching this plant discovered the primary reason for the viscosity of mistletoe seeds is an adaptation for dispersal rather than an adaptation for infecting host plant tissues. Which of the following characteristics fits with this adaptation?

Answer 19

The seed should be nutricious

Question 20

Which of the following “vegetables” is botanically a fruit?

Answer 20

Green beans

Question 21

What stimulates cell elongation; regulates branching and organ bending?

Answer 21

Auxin

Question 22

Fruits develop from

Answer 22

Ovaries

Question 23

The black dots that cover strawberries are actually _____

Answer 23

Individual fruits

Question 24

Select all of the characteristics that are true about the root cap

Answer 24

It can contain chemicals that are unpalatable to arthropods in the soil, to reduce predation

It can detect gravity and control downward growth of the root

Protects the root as it pushes through the soil

Question 25

A land plant may be most reliably distinguished from green algae by which characteristic?

Answer 25

The presence of an embryo protected by parent tissue

Question 26

Humus is _____ and is more likely found in climates that have lots of ______ and _____

Answer 26

Dead organic matter in the soil, biomass, winter weather

Question 27

Which of the following would likely not contribute to the surface area available for water absorption from the soil by a plant root system?

Answer 27

Endodermis

Question 28

Angiosperms are the most successful terrestrial plants. Which of the following features is unique to them and helps account for their success?

Answer 28

Fruits enclosing seeds

Question 29

All of the following floral parts are involved in pollination or fertilization except the

Answer 29

Sepals

Question 30

Common wild mustard is to broccoli and kohlrabi like wolves are to black labs and dachshunds. Humans use this process called _____ to develop new breeds and is good evidence for _____

Answer 30

Artificial selection, evolution

Question 31

Which organization has the mission: “To conserve and promote America’s culturally diverse but endangered garden and food crop heritage for future generations by collecting, growing, and sharing heirloom seeds and plants”?

Answer 31

Seed Savers

Question 32

Phototropism is _____ and thigmotropism is _____

Answer 32

Response to light, response to touch

Question 33

Which of the following is a scientific concern related to creating genetically modified crops?

Answer 33

Herbicide resistance may spread to “weedy” species; creating super weeds

Question 34

Victoria amazonica is an enormous plant that can support the weight of a small child and grows along the banks of the Amazonian floodplain. This plant has a very complex mechanism for pollination that includes trapping beetles overnight, feeding them and then releasing them to carry pollen to another Victoria amazonica. It indicates to the beetles that is it ready for pollination through

Answer 34

Odor, color, and temperature signaling

Question 35

What effect does “pinching black” have on a houseplant or shrub?

Answer 35

Stimulates lateral buds to grow, making plants bushier

Question 36

Big Bend National Park question

Answer 36

Flagellated sperm

Question 37

It is _____ to have a single fruit tree with multiple varieties growing on it all at once this is because of ______ and may become a regular solution for food production during ______

Answer 37

Possible, grafting, climate change

Question 38

Select all the things that are true about clay in soils

Answer 38

Select all

Question 39

Photosynthesis begins to decline when leaves wilt because

Answer 39

Stomata close, restricting CO2 entry into the leaf

Question 40

What mediates fruit ripening, like bananas?

Answer 40

Ethylene

Question 41

A sign is hammered into a tree 2m from the tree’s base. If the tree is 10m tall and elongates 1m each year, how high will the sign be after 10 years?

Answer 41

2m

Question 42

Which of the following is true of seedless vascular plants?

Answer 42

Whole forests were dominated by large, seedless vascular plants during the Carboniferous period