(Exam 3) Opiates

Question 1

endorphins

Answer 1

any endogenous compound w pharmacologic properties of morphine

Question 2

opioid Rs + types

Answer 2

protein Rs upon which morphine acts: mu, kappa, and delta

Question 3

opioid

Answer 3

any agonist with morphine-like activity

Question 4

narcotic

Answer 4

any sleep-inducing drug

Question 5

opium

Answer 5

exudate of the opium poppy (contains morphine and codeine as natural products)

Question 6

opiate

Answer 6

drug derived from the opium poppy (analgesic)

Question 7

where are the naturally occurring opioids from?

Answer 7

opium poppy and endogenous NT (endorphins)

Question 8

mu R effects

Answer 8

analgesic, respiratory depression, euphoria, sedation, anxiolytic, tranquility, cough suppression, reduced GI motility

Question 9

kappa R effects

Answer 9

spinal analgesia, dysphoria, psychotomimetic effects, mild respiratory depression

Question 10

are opiates GABA agonists?

Answer 10

no

Question 11

where is the main moa?

Answer 11

mu R

Question 12

what is R desensitization?

Answer 12

progressive failure of Rs to initiate signal after long-term binding

Question 13

what happens to tolerance if a person uses intermittently?

Answer 13

little, if any tolerance; opioids retain efficacy

Question 14

what is morphine used for?

Answer 14

chronic, intractable pain

Question 15

where is clinical morphine injected?

Answer 15

directly into spinal fluid

Question 16

how is abused morphine absorbed?

Answer 16

smoked or injected

Question 17

how is heroin absorbed?

Answer 17

smoked or injected

Question 18

how quickly does morphine cross the BBB?

Answer 18

slowly

Question 19

how quickly does heroin cross the BBB?

Answer 19

rapidly

Question 20

what happens when heroin is combined with cocaine?

Answer 20

intensified euphoria, reduced anxiety and paranoia, withdrawal depression reduced

Question 21

what schedule is hydrocodone?

Answer 21

schedule 2

Question 22

what is oxycodone used for?

Answer 22

pain when continuous, around the clock tx is needed

Question 23

what is methadone used for?

Answer 23

prevention of wd in opioid-dependent persons and long-acting analgesic for treating chronic pain syndromes

Question 24

what is naloxone (narcan) used for?

Answer 24

opioid reversal, treatment of alcoholism to reduce craving, may reduce opioid craving, treatment of autism, self-injurious behaviors, and BPD, chronically block opioid euphoria