Exam 3 Multiple Choice Questions Flashcards
- In the peripheral nervous system, which cells myelinate axons?
a. Microglia
b. Schwann cells
c. Oligodendrocytes
d. Astrocytes
b. Schwann Cells
Damage to a CNS axon leads to progressive degeneration of the distal axon as well as
a. Major downstream or postsynaptic connections
b. Major presynaptic connections
c. Myelin around the axon
d. All of the above
d. all of the above
Central nervous system axons
a. Regenerate better than peripheral axons
b. Regenerate more poorly than peripheral axons
c. Regenerate quicker than peripheral axons
d. Regenerate in the opposite direction of the lesion
b. Regenerate more poorly than peripheral axons
Regarding the regeneration of a damaged axon, Schwann cells
a. Prevent growth
b. Impair growth
c. Promote growth
d. Eat babies
Promote Growth
What is a likely source of signals preventing central axon regeneration?
a. Schwann cells
b. Oligodendrocytes
c. Osteoblasts
d. Stem cells
b. Oligodendrocytes
Which is the prototypical mechanism of degradation that results from axon injury?
a.Hebbian degeneration
b.Wallerian degeneration
c.Microglial degeneration
d. Oligodegeneratoin
b.Wallerian degeneration
What functions as the coincidence detector for classical conditioning in Aplysia?
a. NMDA receptors
b. AMPA receptors
c. Adenyl Cyclase
d. Phospholipase C
C. adenyl cyclase
Sensitization requires modification of the sensory neuron synaptic terminal by which of the following?
a. Sensory neuron
b. Motor neuron
c. Facilitating interneuron
d. Mantle
c. Facilitating interneuron
Activation of PKC by the Gq pathway requires
a. Activation of Adenylyl Cyclase
b. Activation of Phospholipase C
c. Binding of glutamate
d. Action potential broadening
b. Activation of Phospholipase C
Which of the following is necessary to activate PKC in Aplysia during sensitization?
a. Diacyl glycerol
b. Phosphatidyl serine
c. Phosphatidyl inositol biphosphate
d. All of the above
d. all of the above
Mossy fiber LTP requires activation of which:
a. NMDA receptors
b. AMPA receptors
c. PKA
d. CamKII
c. PKA
Mossy fiber LTP can be induced by
a.Carefully timing presynaptic spikes with post-synaptic spikes
b. Tetanic presynaptic stimulation
c. It can’t be induced
d. All of the above
b. Tetanic presynaptic stimulation
Which of the following cellular processes are hypothesized to be cellular correlates of memory
a. LTP
b. LTZ
c. LTD
d. Both a and c
d. Both a and c
LTP is the Schaffer collateral and the direct perforant pathway differs in the presence of which of the following mechanisms?
a. L-type calcium channel
b. Shaker potassium channels
c. Calmodulin
d. NMDA receptor
a. L-type calcium channel
Which of the following is a possible condition for the induction of NMDA-dependent LTP?
a. High-frequency stimulation of presynaptic neurons
b. Low-frequency stimulation of presynaptic neurons
c. Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors
d. None of the above
a. High-frequency stimulation of presynaptic neurons
Regarding spike-timing-dependent plasticity, where cell A is presynaptic to cell B, which of the following scenarios would result in strong LTD (long-term depression)?
a. Cell B consistently firing immediately before cell A
b. Cell A consistently firing immediately before cell B
c. Cell B intermittently fires long before cell A
d. Cell A intermittently fires long before cell B
a. Cell B consistently firing immediately before cell A
Regarding the binomial distribution, what changes as a result of mossy fiber LTP?
a. n
b. p
c. Q
d. X
e. None of the above
a. n
Regarding the binomial distribution, what changes as a result of Schaffer Collateral LTP?
a. n
b. p
c. Q
d. X
e. None of the above
e. none of the above
Phosphorylation of AMPA receptors by PKC results in
a. Insertion of new AMPA receptors into the membrane
b. Removal of AMPA receptors from the membrane
c. Insertion of NMDA receptors into the membrane
d. Inactivation of NMDA receptors
a. insertion of new AMPA receptors into the membrane
At resting potential, in which direction will sodium flow if an ion channel specific to it is opened?
a. Into the cell
b. Out of the cell
c. No net flow
a. into the cell
At resting potential, in which direction will chloride flow if an ion channel specific to it is opened?
a. Into the cell
b. Out of cell
c. No net flow
a. into the cell
Which ion flows with its electrical gradient?
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Chloride
d. None of these
a. Sodium
Which ion flows against its concentration gradient?
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Calcium
d. None of the above
b.potassium
For an average neuron, where can an action potential be initiated?
a. Only at the axon hillock
b. Only at the axon initial segment
c. Only at the axon internodes
d. Anywhere on the neuron
d. anywhere on the neuron
