Exam 3 Misc Flashcards
How do drugs affect sexuality?
by altering libido via hypothal and limbic (reward) system)
by altering performance via ability to achieve erection/lubrication and orgasm
Effect of testosterone on libido
increase
Effect of dopamine on libido
increase
Effect of estrogen (in females) on libido
increase
Effect of prolactin on libido
decrease
Effect of estrogen (in males) on libido
decrease
Effect of serotonin on libido
decrease
Effect of Increase DA in synapse on libido
increase
Effect of DA receptor antagonists on libido
decrease
Increase NE in synapse effect on libido
increase
β blockers; α2 agonists effect on libido
decrease
Muscarinic antagonists effect on libido
decrease
Increase 5-HT in synapse effect on libido
decrease
↑ prolactin secretion effecr on libido
decrease
Anti-androgenic drug effect on libido
decrease
How do drugs interfere with erection?
Peripheral anti-muscarinic actions
Decreased blood flow
How do drugs interfere with orgasm?
α1-blockade
local anesthetic
sedatives
CNS effects that decrease libido
Block DA, NE, ACh (muscarinic) receptors; enhance5-HT; sedation
What hormones regular calcium homeostasis?
vit D
PTH
FGF23 (fibroblast growth factor)
Effect of vit D on plasma Ca and phosphate
increases both
Effect of PTH on plasma Ca and phosphate
inc plasma ca and dec plasma phosphate
Effect of FGF23 on plasma phosphate
dec
What happens to PTH and vit D if calcium decreases?
inc PTH
inc vit D
What happens to PTH and vit D if calcium increases?
dec PTH
dec vit D
What happens to PTH and vit D and FGF23 if phosphate increases?
inc PTH
dec vit D
inc FGF23LL»L»>K
Why does estrogen deficiency lead to osteoporosis?
bone resorption inc more than bone formation
less estrogen will dec osteoblast activity while
inc osteoclast number and activity
Plus RANKL inc and OPG dec allowing formation of more osteoclasts
Two phases of bone loss in postmenopausal women
initial phase- 3-5yrs, shorter, trabecular bones deteriorate rapidly (vertebral fx)
second phase- 10-20 yrs, longer, lowss of cortical and trabecular bones
What is the purpose of taking 1,000 mg calcium daily in women at risk of osteoporosis?
it will inc calcium levels which will prevent PTH from increasing which would cause bone resorption
What is purpose of taking vit D?
will inhibit PTH release as well as prevent vit D deficiency which would cause a decrease in GI calcium absorption
What is effect of increasing BMI on bone health?
inc of BMI will have more leptin which stimulates GnRH to make estrogen
What are the only approved bone forming agents?
teriparatide and intact PTH
