Exam 3: Lower Limb Bones

Question 1

Os Coxae (Hip Bone)

Answer 1

pubis, ischium & ilium fuse together

Question 2

Femur (Proximal End)

Answer 2

• head & neck
• greater trochanter
• lesser trochanter
• interochanteric line
• interochanteric ridge
• trochanteric fossa
• pectineal line
• gluteal tuberosity

Question 3

Femur (Middle)

Answer 3

• linea aspera
• lateral lip (lat supracondylar line)
• medial lip (med. supracondylar line)

Question 4

Femur (Distal End)

Answer 4

• lateral & medial epicondyle & condyle
• patellar surface
• adductor tubercle
• intercondylar notch/line
• popliteal surface

Question 5

Angle of Inclination

Answer 5

• between neck & longitudinal angle of femur
• changes @ different stages of life
• bears entire body weight

Question 6

Coxa Vera

Answer 6

angle of inclination decreases

Question 7

Coxa Valga

Answer 7

angle of inclination increases

Question 8

Torsion Angle

Answer 8

between perpendicular plane & true articulation plane

Question 9

Femur Fractures

Answer 9

• neck- most frequent (old)
• instability, thin periosteum, injury of reticular a.
• causes bleeding & femoral head necrosis
• caused by indirect forces

Question 10

Tibial Fractures

Answer 10

• caused by direct force

* middle-distal 1/3 juction

Question 11

Fibular Fractures

Answer 11

*commonly occur 2-6 cm. proximal to distal end of lat. malleolus & often associated w/ dislocation of ankle joint

Question 12

Fascia Lata

Answer 12

• deep fascia in thigh

* lat.- iliotibial track

Question 13

Crural Fascia

Answer 13

deep fascia in leg

Question 14

Intermuscular Septae

Answer 14

formed by deep fascia between ant, post, & med compartments in thigh & ant. post & lat compartments of leg

Question 15

Great Saphenous Vein

Answer 15

• superficial
• from dorsum of great toe, run medial side
• empty into femoral v.

Question 16

Small Saphenous Vein

Answer 16

• superficial

* from disarm of little toe, run post. leg, emptying popliteal v.

Question 17

Perforating Veins

Answer 17

• between deep & superficial veins
• allow blood flow from sup. to deep in 1 direction
• venous valves function to ensure this unidirectional flow

Question 18

Vericose Veins

Answer 18

• great saphenous & tributaries
• fail of valves
• lower limb lose fascia/ muscle
• inactivity result in thrombosis

Question 19

Lymphatic Drainage

Answer 19

• lumbar lymphatic trunks
• ext. iliac lymph nodes
• superficial & deep inguinal lymph nodes
• popliteal lymph nodes
• superficial & deep lymphatic vessels