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PTRS 710 > Exam 3: Arm > Flashcards

Exam 3: Arm Flashcards

1
Q

Biceps Brachii (Proximal)

A
  • attachments:
    • short head to coracoid process
    • long head runs into gleaned, over head of hum., inside inter tubercle groove where its fixed in place by transverse humerus ligament & surrounded by synovial membrane, attaches to supraglenoid tubercle
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2
Q

Biceps Brachii (Distal)

A
  • attaches to tuberosity of the radius

* continues as bicipital aponeurosis

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3
Q

Bicipital Aponeurosis

A
  • membranous band that runs from biceps tendon across cubital fossa & merges w/ ante brachial (deep) fascia on top of flex muscles in med. side of forearm
  • functions to protect brachial a. and med.n in cubital fossa
  • helps lessen pressure on biceps tendon on radial tuberosity during pronation & supination of forearm
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4
Q

Biceps Tendinitis

A
  • tendon of long head of biceps (enclosed by synovial sheath) & lies in inter tubercular groove
  • caused by repetitive micro trauma from certain motions (throwing/using racquet)
  • symptoms- tenderness, crackling sound (credits) in region
  • test- arm wrestle (pain)
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5
Q

Dislocation of Tendon

A
  • may be caused by tendinitis & a traumatic separation of pro. epiphysis of hum.
  • popping/catching sensation can be felt
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6
Q

Rupture of Tendon

A
  • cause: wear and tear of an inflamed tendon, forceful flex. of the arm
  • appearance: popeye deformity- detached muscle belly forms a ball near the center of the distal part of the ant. aspect of arm.
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7
Q

Fracture

A

*dislocation of prox. hum. epiphysis

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8
Q

Biceps Origin, Insert, Function & Innervation

A

ORIGIN: supraglenoid tubercle & coracoid process
INSERTION: tuberosity of radius
FUNCTION: flexes arm & forearm, supinate forearm when elbow at 90 degrees
INNERVATION: musculocutaneus n.

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9
Q

Brachialis

A
  • lies deep to biceps
  • from distal half of hum. to coronoid process & tuberosity
  • major elbow flexor
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10
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

ORIGIN: coracoid process
INSERTION: mid 1/3 of humerus
FUNCTION: flexes & adducts arm
INNERVATION: median n. & humeral a. run deep

*stabilizes glenohumeral joint by resisting downward dislocation of head of humerus

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11
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

ORIGIN: infraglenoid tubercle
INSERTION: olecranon of ulna
FUNCTION: extend forearm, long head stabilizes adducted glenohumeral joint by preventing inf. displacement of head of humerus, help extend and adduct arm
INNERVATION: radial n.

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12
Q

Brachial Artery

A
  • starts inf. border of t. major & ends in cubital fossa under bicipital aponeurosis
  • divides into rad. & ulnar a.
  • beginnig- runs med. to humerus, ant to triceps & brachial then turns ant. to hum
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13
Q

Deep Artery of Arm

A

*mos superior branch of brachial a. & accompanies radial n. through radial groove & divides (ant./ post.) descending branches

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14
Q

Cephalic Vein

A
  • superficial vein
  • location: along anterolateral surface of prox. forearm & arm
  • visible through skin
  • pass sup. between delt & pec major in deltopectoral groove
  • pass through deltopectoral triangle where it empties into axillary v.
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15
Q

Basilica Vein

A
  • pass on med. side of inf. part of arm, penetrate brachial fascia at junction of mid. & lower 1/3 of arm
  • merge w/ veins accompanying brachial a. to form axillary vein
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16
Q

Median Cubital Vein

A

*basilica and cephalic anastomose in forearm & communicate in cubital fossa

17
Q

Deep Vein

A
  • runs with arteries

* anastomoses w/ each other freely & they all have valves- allow 1 direction blood flow

18
Q

Musculocutaneuos Nerve

A
  • comes from lat. cord of brachial plexus
  • begins- inf. border of pec minor, pierces coracobrachialis, runs between biceps & brachial
  • innervates all 3 ant. flexors of arm
  • ends as a lat. cutaneous n. of forearm that supplies large area of forearm
19
Q

Musculocutaneous Nerve Injury

A
  • cause- weapons
  • appearance- paralysis of coracobrachialis
  • weakened forearm flexion & supination
  • loss of sensation on lat. surface of forearm
20
Q

Radial Nerve

A
  • direct continuation of post. cord of brachial plexus
  • enters arm ant. to long head of triceps to brachial a. med. to humerus
  • descends w/deep a. of arm & passes around hum. in radial groove
  • innervates triceps
  • 2 branches at level of lat. epicondyle:
    • deep branch: supplies forearm m. & elbow joint
    • superficial branch: cutaneous, supplies skin of dorm of hand & digits
21
Q

Injury to Radial Nerve

A
  • before branches of triceps: paralysis of triceps, brachioradialis, supinator & extensor of wrist & digits
    • loss of sensation in dorm hand & digits
  • after branches of triceps (in radial groove): same symptoms as above except triceps may not be completely paralyzed
  • writs drop sign: typical radial n. injury
    • unable to extend at the metacarpophalangeal joints
22
Q

Median Nerve

A
  • comes from union of a lat. cord & a med. cord of BP
  • runs together w/ but lat. to brachial a. until middle of arm
  • crosses to medial side of brachial a. & descends to cubital fossa, where it runs under bicipital aponeurosis
  • innervates elbow joint
  • no branches in arm
23
Q

Ulnar Nerve

A
  • comes from med. cord of BP
  • passes ant. to triceps, on med. side of brachial a.
  • in middle of arm- pierces medial inter muscular septum w/ sup. ulnar collateral a. & descends between septum & med head of triceps
  • crazy bone- when ulnar n. runs post. to epicondyle, superficial, easily palpable & vulnerable to injury
  • innervates elbow joint
  • no branches in arm
24
Q

Cubital Fossa

A
  • hollow area on ant. aspect of elbow
  • boundaries:
    • sup: imaginary line connecting med. & lat epicondyles
    • medially: pronator teres
    • laterally:brachioradialis
    • floor: formed by brachial & supinator m. of forearm
    • roof: formed by deep fascia & bicipital fossa aponeurosis
  • contents: terminal part of brachial a. & branches, radial & ulnar a. accompanying deep v., biceps tendon, median n. radial n. branches

PTRS 710 (6 decks)

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