Exam 3 - Genitourinary Tract Infections Flashcards
what are female specific risk factors for UTIs
pregnancy
sex
diaphragm/spermicide
what are male specific risk factors for UTIs
uncircumcision
prostatic enlargement
condom catheter drainage
what are general risk factors for UTIs
previous UTIs
instrumentation and catheter
UTI obstruction
neurogenic bladder
renal transplantation
structure abnormalities
diabetes
frequent sex or don’t pee
what are the risks for a complicated UTI
abnormal tract (obstruction or swelling)
recent procedures
immunocompromised
recurrent infections
male sex
UTI in pregnacy
presentation of UTIs
new onset dysuria, increased need to pee, heaviness feeling, smelly pee and hematuria
presentation of pyelonephritis
systemic signs of infection
flank pain
presentation of a complicated UTI
classic UTI symptoms
altered mental status
urinary incontinence
malaise
presentation of catheter UTIs
classic symptoms w/ pain over kidney and bladder
what are the 4 things to diagnose UTIs
symptoms
mircobio
urinalysis
urine culture
when to treat asymptomatic bacteriuria
only treat in pregancy
what is the MAIN pathogen in UTIs
E. Coli for all UTI kinds
what are the side character pathogens in UTIs
GP or enterobacter in more complicated
how to choose a drug for outpatient UTIs
medium-high oral bioavailability
low risk for AEs and resistance
high renal excretion
high susceptibility
what are the main choices for outpatient UTI therapy
Nitrofurantoin
TMP/SMX
FQs (cipro and levo only)
Fosfomycin
B-lactams
what b-lactams can be used in outpatient UTIs
cephalexin
cefadroxil
cefpodoxime
augmentin
amox (confirm sus. first)
how long should outpatient UTIs be treated
uncomplicated: 3-7 days
complicated: 7-14 days
what should be considered when picking therapy for an inpatient UTI
local susceptibility rates
what are commonly used options for inpatient UTIs
Amp + Gent (covers ESBLs)
Cefazolin +/- gent
Ceftriaxone (no entero.)
Cefepime
Gent
how long should inpatient UTIs be treated
7-14 days and de-escalate to narrow spectrum ASAP
how to treat prostatitis and for how long
FQs, bactrim, cephalexin, augmentin
treat for 2-4 weeks
how to treat recurrent UTIs
may consider prophylactic but Nitro is the best option
just drink more water
