Exam 2 - Beta Lactams Info & Spectrum of Activity Flashcards
This deck covers the different Beta Lactams and their spectrum of activity/target organisms. This includes Penicillin drugs and Cephalosporin drugs
what are the natural penicillins
-aqueous pen g
-benzathine pen g
-procaine pen g
-pen vk
natural penicillin gram positive coverage
excellent against non BLase producing
group and viridans strep
some strep pneumo
most enterococcus
bacillus spp.
very little staph spp.
natural penicillin gram negative coverage
neisseria
natural penicillin coverage against anaerobes
mostly GP anaerobes
above the diaphragm
clostridium spp. (EXCEPT c. diff)
what other organism does natural penicillin cover?
treponema pallidum (syphilis)
what is pen g a potential drug of choice for?
group and viridans strep
neisseria meningitidis
corynebacterium diphtheriae
bacillus anthracis (anthrax)
clostridium perfringens/tetani
syphilis
what are the penicillinase resistant penicillins
nafcillin
methicillin
oxacillin
dicloxacillin
what are penicillinase resistant penicillins known as/known for?
Antistaphylococcal Penicillins
pen resistant penicillin gram positive coverage
group and viridans strep
MSSA (NOT MRSA!)
do pen resistant penicillins cover enterococcus or strep pneumo?
NO
pen resistant penicillin gram negative coverage
no activity
pen resistant penicillin anaerobe coverage
none
what are the aminopenicillins
ampicillin and amoxicillin
what pen resistant drug is a drug of choice for MSSA
nafcillin
aminopenicillin gram positive coverage
similar to natural penicillins
no staph aureus
excellent for enterococcus and listeria monocytogenes
aminopenicillin gram negative coverage
Haemophilus influenzae
E. Coli (most resistant now)
Proteus mirabilis
Salmonella
Shigella
SHEPP
aminopenicillin anaerobe coverage
similar to pen G
aminopenicillins are the drug of choice for what infections
Listeria Monocytogenes and Enterococcus spp.
what are the carboxypenicillins
carbenicillin and ticarcillin
what are the dosage forms for carboxypenicillins
both are IV
Carboxypenicillin gram positive coverage
generally weak
less active against strep
no enterococcus or staph
carboxypenicillin gram negative coverage
SHEPMEPP
Salmonella
Haemophilus Influenzae
E. Coli
Proteus
Morganella
Enterobacter
Providencia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
what is the target organism for carboxypenicillins
pseudomonas aeruginosa
what are the two main organisms the carboxypenicillins are NOT active against
Klebsiella spp.
Serratia spp.
what are the ureidopenicillins
piperacillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin
what is the dosage form for piperacillin
IV
ureidopenicillin gram positive coverage
group and viridans strep
some enterococcus
NO staph
ureidopenicillin gram negative coverage
SHEPMEPP + KS
most enterobacterales
SHEPMEPP
Klebsiella and Serratia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
what is the most active penicillin against pseudomonas aeruginosa?
piperacillin
ureidopenicillin anaerobe coverage
Clostridium and peptostrepto
bacteroides fragilis
what are the BLase inhibitor combinations
amox/clav
amp/sulbactam
ticarcillin/clav
piperacilin/tazobactam
BLase combo gram positive coverage
staph aureus strains that have BLase (MSSA)
what are the dosage forms of the BLase inhibitor combos
all IV except amox/clav, it is oral
BLase combo gram negative coverage
e. coli
proteus
klebsiella
h. influenzae
m. catarrhalis
n. gonnorrhoeae
BLase anaerobe coverage
bacteroides fragilis
b. fragilis group
