Exam 3 Distinctive Toxicities/side Effects Flashcards
Nausea vomiting diarrhea headache and rare pulmonary fibrosis
Nitrofurantoin
Toxic bone marrow suppression and aplastic anemia
Chloramphenicol
Nephrotoxicity and hearing loss
Vancomycin
Arthalgia/myalgia
Quinopristin/dalfopristin
CNS excitement, cartilage damage in children <17
Fluoroquinolone
Orange tint
Rifampin
Turns urine brown
Nitrofurantoin
Phototoxicity
Tetracyclines
Blurred vision, altered taste perception, severe hepatotoxicity
Telithromycin
Acidic urine will cause sulfonamides to precipitate
Methenamine
Affects mammalian DNA too
Iododeoxyuridine
Otottoxicity and blocking NMJ
Aminoglycosides
Myelosuppression
Less neurotoxicity
Vinblastine
Precipitates in acidic urine
Sulfonamides
Cardiac toxicity
Trastuzumab
Doxorubicin
Nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea, edema, muscle cramps, rash, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia
Imatinib
Least toxic alkylating agent
Chlorambucil
Very toxic especially with bone marrow suppression
Actinomycin D
Just pulmonary fibrosis
Bleomycin
Hair loss and liver toxicity
Cyclophosphamide
Decreased metabolism of antidepressants
Tamoxifen
Well tolerated
Wheezing and bronchospasm due to route of administration
Zanamivir
Gynecomastia, nausea and vomiting
Flutamide, leuprolide
Prolonged levels in infants leading to hepatotoxicity
Cloramphenicol
Renal toxicity minimized by mannitol diuresis
Cisplatin
Chills, headache, depress bone marrow, confusion, behavior changes
Interferons
Concentration, abnormal dreams, headache, dizziness
Efavirenz
Light headed, difficulty concentrating
Amantidine
Headache, dizziness, diarrhea and constipation
Dolasetron
Palonosetron
Inhibition of cytochrome p450 metabolism increasing 1/2 life of drugs
Azoles
Atazanavir, indinavir-protease inhibitors
Hair loss with Folinic acid rescue
5-FU
Renal toxicity when with Aminoglycosides
Cephalosporins
Edema, thrombophlebitis at infusion site
Quinupristin/dalfopristin
Induces drug metabolizing enzymes
Increases metabolism of anticoagulants
Rifampin
Progressive cumulative tremors, weakness and convulsions
Minimal myelosuppression
Vincristine
Superinfection
Tetracycline