Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Exam 3 - Diabetes day 1 jeopardy > Flashcards

Exam 3 - Diabetes day 1 jeopardy Flashcards

1
Q

These are 2 drug classes recommend for DM patients with HTN

A

ACE-I or ARB’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

This is the class of medication recommended for patients with dyslipidemia

A

Statins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

These are 2 medications that are FDA approved for neuropathy

A

Lyrica and cymbalta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

These are some general rules regarding how we treat the elderly with DM

A

Less stringent; A1C less than 8; are they able to have help at home, cognitive function, life expectancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

These are common signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia

A

Polys (polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia) and fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

This is how frequent we need to test a symptomatic patient if all tests are negative

A

at least every 3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

to help prevent progression of DM and complications, all patients should do the following

A

exercise at least 30 min most days of the week, increase fiber, decrease carbs, decrease sugar intake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

these are the normal values for A1C fasting glucose, and oral glucose load

A

A1C < 5.7%

Fasting glucose: <140mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

these are some important points in regards to the differences in how kids/adolescents respond to insulin compared to adults

A
  • changes in insulin sensitivity due to hormone changes
  • growth patterns
  • supervision at school and daycare
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

insulin is secreted from this organ and these cells

A

beta cells from pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

asymptomatic patients with a BMI greater than or equal to ___ in adults of any age and who have one or more additional risk factors for DM should be tested

A

25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

we want to prevent infection…this is how we do this

A

proper vaccinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

these are the diagnostic criteria for A1C, fasting glucose, random glucose and oral glucose tolerance test for DM

A

A1C: ≥ 6.5%
Fasting glucose: ≥ 126mg/dL
OGT: ≥ 200mg/dL
random glucose + symptoms: ≥ 200mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

these are the diagnostic criteria for A1C, fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance test for pre-diabetes

A

A1C: 5.7-6.4%
Fasting glucose: 100-125mg/dL
OGT: ≥ 140-199mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

this type of DM is much more common in US

A

type 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

this is the goal HTN for a patient with DM (according to the ADA)

A

< 140/80 and in some cases <130/80 (according to the ADA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

these are 2 oral agents that are not recommended to use in gestational DM

A

biguainides and TZD’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

in patients that are asymtomatic an do not have any risk factors, this is when you start to test

A

> age 45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

this is the number of people who have DM in the US

A

~ 25.8 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

this is the common macrovascular complication

A

CAD

21
Q

the best treatment for gestational DM is?

A

diet and exercise

22
Q

these are risk factors for type 2

A
  • Overweight/Obese
  • Sedentary lifestyle
  • Family Hx of diabetes
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Latino/Hispanic, Non-Hispanic black, Asian American, Native American/Pacific Islander
  • Previously identified impaired glucose tolerance/impair glucose fasting
  • HTN or on HTN meds
  • Increased levels of triglycerides (>250)
  • Low concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<35)
  • Risk Factors for Gestational DM
  • Hx of gestational diabetes
  • Hx of delivery of an infant w/ birth weight over 9lbs
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome
23
Q

these are the general way that we can reduce our macro vascular and microvascular complications

A

keep glucose consistent and maintain HTN

24
Q

these are the 4 causes of type 2 DM

A
  • Insulin resistance in muscle and adipose tissue
  • Progressive decline in pancreatic insulin secretion
  • Unrestrained hepatic glucose production
  • Other hormonal deficiencies
25
Q

this is how many years a pts. life expectancy is decreased when they have DM and are diagnosed <40 y/o

A

12-19 yrs

26
Q

these are some risk factors for gestational DM

A
  • > 25 y/o
  • overweight
  • family hx of DM2
  • hx of abnormal glucose metabolism
  • hx of poor obstetric outcomes
  • hx of gestational diabetes
  • hx of delivery of an infant w/ birth weight over 9lbs
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome
  • Ethnicity
27
Q

this is the LDL goal for a patient who is DM

A

<100 (less than 70 is optimal)

28
Q

these are some common microvascular complications

A

retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy

29
Q

these are some risk factors for type 1 DM

A

genetics

30
Q

We want to prevent infection…this is how we do it

A

Vaccinations

  • -> flu
  • -> pneumococcal
31
Q

These are the diagnostic criteria for A1C, fasting glucose, random glucose and oral glucose tolerance test for DM

A

AIC: > 6.5%
Fasting glucose: > 126n mg/dL
OGT: > 200 mg/dL
Random Glucose plus symptoms: > 200 mg/dL

32
Q

These are the diagnostic criteria for A1C, fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance test for pre-diabetes

A

A1C: 5.7-6.4%
Fasting Glucose: 100-125 mg/dL
OGT: >140-199 mg/dL

33
Q

This type of DM is much more common in the US

A

Type 2

34
Q

This is the goal HTN for a patient w/ DM

A

140/80 and in some cases < 130/80 (according to the ADA)

35
Q

These are 2 oral agents that are not recommend to use in gestational DM

A

Metformin (Biguainides)

TZD’s

36
Q

In pats that are asymptomatic and do not have any risk factors, this is when you start to test

A

45

37
Q

This is the number of people w/ diabetes in the US

A

25.8 million

38
Q

This is the common macrovascular complication

A

Coronary artery disease

39
Q

The best tx for gestational DM is the following

A

Diet and exercise

40
Q

These are risk factors for type 2

A 
Obesity
Sedentary life style
Family hx
Cardiovascular diseases
HTN
41
Q

These are the general way that we can reduce our macrovascular and microvascular complications

A

Manage HTN and glucose

42
Q

These are the 4 causes of type 2 DM

A
  1. Insulin resistance
  2. Liver producing glucose
  3. Pancreas decreases insulin production
  4. Hormone deficiencies
43
Q

This is how many yrs a pts life expectancy is decreased when they have DM and are diagnosed < 40 yo

A

12-19 years

44
Q

These are some risk factors for gestational DM

A 
Baby > 9 lbs
Previous hx
Overweight
Polycystic ovarian dz
Over 25 years old
45
Q

This is the LDL goal for a pt who is DM

A

<100 (less than 70 is optimal)

46
Q

These are some common microvascular complications

A

Retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy

47
Q

These are some risk factors for type 1 DM

A

Genetics!!

Sometimes a virus can trigger it

48
Q

This is the cause of type 1 DM

A

Autoimmune destruction of beta cells

Pharmacology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions