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Adult Mental Health > Exam 3 Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

alcohol used to relieve everyday stress

A

phase 1: prealcoholic

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2
Q

begins with blackouts; alcohol is now required by person

A

phase 2: early alcoholic

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3
Q

person has lost control over alcohol use. physiological dependence is clearly evident

A

phase 3: Crucial

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4
Q

person is intoxicated more than they are sober

A

phase 4: chronic

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5
Q

peripheral nerve damage, pain, burning, tingling, prickly sensation of extremities
due to thiamine deficiency
-inadequate intake
-malabsorption

A

alcoholic peripheral neuropathy

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6
Q

sudden oset of muscle pain, swelling, and weakness, reddish tinge to urine, rapid rise in muscle enzymes (LDH, CPK, AST)

A

acute alcoholic myopathy

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7
Q

gradual muscle wasting and weakness of skeletal muscles

A

chronic alcoholic myopathy

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8
Q

Most serious form of thiamine deficiency

characterized by paralysis of ocular muscles, diplopia, ataxia, somnolence, and stupor

A

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

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9
Q

Syndrome of confusion, loss of recent memory, and confabulation in alcoholic pts

A

Korsakoff’s pyschosis

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10
Q

effect of alcohol on heart is an accumulation of lipids in myocardial cells, resulting in enlargement and weakened condition

A

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy

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11
Q

inflammation and pain in esophagus occurs bc of toxic effects on esophageal mucosa and also bc of frequent vomiting assoc with alcohol use

A

Esophagitis (esophageal varices)

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12
Q

inflammation of stomach lining characterized by epigastric distress, n/v, distension

A

gastritis

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13
Q

decreased exercise tolerance, tachycardia, dyspnea, edema, palpitations, nonproductive cough increased CPK, AST, ALT, LDH
Treatment is TOTAL ABSTINENCE from alcohol

A

alcoholic cardiomyopathy: looks like CHF or arrhythmia

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14
Q

usually occurs 1-2 days after binge of excessive consumption, constant, severe epigastric pain, n/v and abdominal distension

A

pancreatitis

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15
Q

leads to pancreatic insuffiency resulting in steatorrhea, malnutrition, wt loss, and DM

A

chronic pancreatitis

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16
Q

enlarged, tender liver, n/v, lethargy, anorexia, high WBC, fever, jaundice, ascites and weight loss

A

alcoholic hepatitis

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17
Q

widespread destruction of liver cells which are replaced by fibrous tissue; portal hypertension, ascites, esophageal varices, hepatic encephalopathy due to high ammonia levels

A

cirrhosis of liver

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18
Q

impaired mental fxn, apathy, euphoria/depression, sleep disturbances, increased confusion, coma or death possible
Tx: abstinence from alcohol, no protein, neomycin or lactulose

A

hepatic encephalopathy

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19
Q

Hematologic effects of alcohol

A

leukopenia and thrombocytopenia

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20
Q

abnormal facial features, small head size, shorter than ave weight, diff paying attention, poor memory, diff in school, learning diffs, speech and lang delays, poor reasoning skills, intellectual disability, sleep and sucking probs as baby, vision or hearing probs, heart, kidneys, and bone probs

A

FAS

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21
Q

BAC of 100-200mg/dL

A

intoxication occurs and withdrawal occurs within 4-12 hours of cessation or reduction of heavy use

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22
Q

barbs, non-barbs, anti anxiety agents, club drugs

A

sedative-hypnotic

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23
Q

primarily affect nervous tissue: depress activity of brain, nerves, muscles, and heart. reduce metabolism
mild sedation-death

A

sedative hypnotics: barbs, non barbs, antianxiety agents and club drugs

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24
Q

decreased dreaming while on drug but rebound insomnia and excessive dreams during withdrawal

A

sedative hypnotics: barbs, non barbs, antianxiety agents and club drugs

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25
Q

inhibits RAS for respiratory depression

A

sedative hypnotics: barbs, non barbs, antianxiety agents and club drugs

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26
Q

amphetamines, synthetic stimulants, non-amphetamine stimulants, cocaine, caffeine, nicotine

A

stimulants

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27
Q

high doses lead to hypotension (decreased CO, cerebral blood flow, and direct impairment of myocardial contractility)

A

sedative hypnotics: barbs, non barbs, antianxiety agents and club drugs

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28
Q

high doses may suppress urine formation (decrease renal fxn)

A

sedative hypnotics: barbs, non barbs, antianxiety agents and club drugs

29
Q

stimulate liver enzyme production, produce jaundice, promote liver damage

A

sedative hypnotics: barbs, non barbs, antianxiety agents and club drugs

30
Q

high doses will decrease body temp

A

sedative hypnotics: barbs, non barbs, antianxiety agents and club drugs

31
Q

biphasic response (initial increase in libido, but then decreased ability to retain erection)

A

sedative hypnotics: barbs, non barbs, antianxiety agents and club drugs

32
Q

inappropriate sexual or aggressive behavior, mood liability, impaired judgement, or impaired social or occupational functioning

A

sedative hypnotics: barbs, non barbs, antianxiety agents and club drugs

33
Q

slurred speech, incoordination, unsteady gait, nystagmus, impairment of attention or memory, and stupor or coma

A

sedative hypnotics: barbs, non barbs, antianxiety agents and club drugs

34
Q

withdrawal symptoms: autonomic hyperactivity (sweating or pulse rate greater than 100), increased hand tremor, insomnia, n/v, hallucinations, illusions, psychomotor agitation, anxiety, and grand mal seizures

A

sedative hypnotics: barbs, non barbs, antianxiety agents and club drugs

35
Q

induce stimulation by augmentation of EPI, NE, or dopamine

A

psychomotor stimulants

36
Q

exert their action on the cellular level

A

: general cellular stimulants: caffeine and nicotine
caffeine (cAMP)
nicotine: ganglionic neurons

37
Q

most potent stimulant derived from nature

A

cocaine

38
Q

appetite suppressants

A

CNS stimulants

39
Q

tremor, restlessness, anorexia, insomnia, agitation, increased motor activity; increased alertness, decreased fatigue, elation and euphoria, subjective feelings of greater mental agility and muscular power

A

Stimulants (amphetamines, cocaine, caffeine, nicotine)

40
Q

increased BP, HR, cardiac arrhythmias, relax bronchial smooth muscle, increased myocardial o2 demand, vasoconstriction, MI, vfib, pulmonary hemorrhage (inhaled cocaine)

A

amphetamines, synthetic stimulants, non-amphetamine stimulants, cocaine, caffeine, nicotine

41
Q

result of chronic cocaine snorting

A

nasal rhinitis

42
Q

euphoria, affective blunting, changes in sociability, hypervigilance, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, tensio or anger, stereotyped behaviors or impaired judgement

A

amphetamines or cocaine intoxication

43
Q

caffeine intoxication level

A

+250mg

44
Q

crash: fatigue, depression, nightmares, HA, profuse sweating, muscle cramps, hunger

A

stimulant wd

45
Q

ataxia, peripheral and sensorimotor neuropathy, speech problems, and tremor

A

CNS effects of inhalants

46
Q

coughing and wheezing to dyspnea, emphysema, and pneumonia

A

respiratory effects of inhalants

47
Q

abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, rash under nose or mouth, unusual breath odors, liver toxicity

A

GI inhalant effect

48
Q

acute and chronic renal failure and hepatorenal syndrome

A

renal system effects of inhalants

49
Q

symptoms similar to alcohol intoxication: dizziness, ataxia, euphoria, excitation, disinhibition, nystagmus, blurred vision, dbl vision, slurred speech, hypoactive reflexes, psychomotor retardation, lethargy, gen muscle weakness, stupor or coma

A

Inhalant intoxication

50
Q

exert both a sedative and analgesic effect; medical uses include relief of pain, diarrhea, and coughing.

A

opioids

51
Q

lethargy and indifference to the environment are common manifestations

A

opioid use

52
Q

oral, snorting smoking SC, IM or IV

A

modes of using opioids

53
Q

euphoria, mood changes, mental clouding, drowsiness, pain reduction, pupillary constriction, respiratory depression, suppression of cough in medulla

A

opioids on CNS

54
Q

increased stomach and intestinal tone and peristaltic activity of intestine is diminished leading to decreased mvmt of food through the GI tract (constipation or possibly fecal impaction)

A

opioids on GI tract

55
Q

at high doses, induce hypotension (histamine release)

A

opioids on heart

56
Q

initial euphoria, apathy, dysphoria, psychomotor agitation, impaired judgement, pupillary constriction, drowsiness, slurred speech, and impairment in attention or memory

A

opioid intoxication

57
Q

dysphoric mood, n/v, muscle aches, lacrimation or rhinorrhea, pupillary dilation, piloerection, sweating, diarrhea, yawning, fever, insomnia

A

opioid wd

58
Q

anxiety, depression, ideas of reference

A

hallucinogen intoxication

59
Q

Substance use assessment tools

A

MAST michigan alcohol screening test
CAGE cut back, annoyed, guilty, eyeopener
CIWA clinical institute withdrawal assessment of alcohol state

60
Q

codependent must begin to let go of the denial that probs exist. Abstinence from blanket denial may be a very emotional and painful period

A

stage 1 the survival stage of Tx for codependency

61
Q

reidentification (indiv glimpses true self through a break in denial system) accept the label of codependent and take responsibility for own dysfunctional behavior. its more painful not to enter reidentification.. accept limitations and are ready to face the issues of codependence

A

stage 2 the reidentification stage of tx for codependency

62
Q

relationships cannot be managed by force of will. each partner must be indep. and autonomous. goal is to detach from the struggles of life that exist bc of prideful and willful efforts to control those things that are beyond the indiv’s power

A

stage 3 the core issues stage of tx for codependence

63
Q

stage of self-acceptance and willingness to change; relinquish power over others that was not theirs in the first place. reclaim personal power; integrity is achieved out of awareness, honesty, and being in tough with one’s spiritual consciousness. Control is achieved through self discipline and self confidence

A

stage 4 reintegration phase of tx for codependence

64
Q

naltrexone, antabuse, Campral

A

meds to help abstain from alcohol

65
Q

gibe chlordiazepoxide (librium) and haldol

A

substitution for Stimulants

66
Q

phenobarbital (Luminal)-barbs

benzodiazepams-non barbs

A

substitution for depressants

67
Q 
benzodiazepams
clordiazepoxide (Librium)
oxazepam
lorazepam (ativan)
diazepam (Valium)
A

substitution therapy for alcohol

68
Q

Narcan (naloxone) naltrexone (ReVia), and nalmefene (Revex), METHADONE + clonidine, buprenorphine (less powerful than methadone but fewer side effects)

A

substitution for opioids

Adult Mental Health (6 decks)

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