Exam 3 Chapter 13

Question 1

Why did the Renaissance shift to Rome?

Answer 1

The Pope’s became the patrons and started funding the renaissance. This brought it to Rome.

Question 2

Know the historical significance and contributions of Sixtus IV-Father of julius II. (Table 13.1)

Answer 2

He was famed for his involvement in the Pazzi Conspiracy. His accomplishments included building the sistine chapel, Julius II-known as the fearsome pope. Desired political power over spiritual power. Called for Michelangelo to build a new tomb for him. Called all of the artists to rome to rebuild it. Got money by forgiving sins, Leo X-real name Lorenzo Medici, second son of Lorenzo Medici the ruler of florence, Clement VII-real name Geono de medici. He was an illigitimate son. .

Question 3

What characterizes High Renaissance?

Answer 3

Linear perspective, shading, and realism is mastered. Centered in Rome and began when Julius the II called Michelangelo. It nearly bankrupted the city
(Leonardo, Raphael, Michelangelo sometimes)

Question 4

Be thoroughly acquainted with the works and individual characteristics of Raphael and Michelangelo. Describe Michelangelo’s work in terms of Early Renaissance, High Renaissance, and Mannerist. How would living as long as he did and living through what he did account for his changing style?

Answer 4

.

Question 5

Describe works and artists of Venetian Renaissance. How does it differ from Florentine and Roman (High) Renaissance?

Answer 5

Venetian Ren. paintings portrayed luxury and vibrant color.

Question 6

What is Mannerism?

Answer 6

An art style in post-renaissance Italy (1520-1590s, from Rafael’s death to end of century) How is Mannerism different from Renaissance? ? Kind of denigrated the high renaissance (see p.325). What is the difference between “free mannerism” and “academic mannerism?” Academic mannerism was just a copy of Michelangelo/Rafael/Leonardo art, they taught it in schools. Free mannerism was trying to do something different from what had been done (abnormal content, disjointed space, etc).Major artists?

Question 7

Recognize themes and content from Castiglione, The Courtier, and Michelangelo’s poems on pages 315 and 319.

Answer 7

.

Question 8

Sibyl

Answer 8

A woman of ancient times said to possess prophetic or divine powers

Question 9

Greek Cross

Answer 9

A cross of which all four arms are of equal length.

Question 10

Indulgences

Answer 10

Forgiveness of sins in return for prayer, good works, and/or money

Question 11

Pilaster

Answer 11

A rectangular column, especially one projecting from a wall.

Question 12

Sprezzatura

Answer 12

Studied carelessness, especially as a characteristic quality or style of art or literature

Question 13

L’uomo Universale

Answer 13

Renaissance man, also called Universal Man, Italian Uomo Universale, an ideal that developed in Renaissance Italy;“a man can do all things if he will”

Question 14

A Capella

Answer 14

From Italian all capella or “in the manner of the chapel”; unaccompanied singing
antiphonal- A form of religious singing in which segments of a congregation chant alternating verse of a psalm timbre or color

Question 15

Polyphony

Answer 15

2+ independent melodies played at same time

Question 16

Chronology

Answer 16

Foreign invasions of Italy begin (1494), Julius II (1503), Moses (1513), St. Peter’s torn down (1506) , School of Athens (1509), Sistine ceiling (1508-11), Leo X, Reformation begins, Clement VII, Medici chapel, sack of Rome, The Courtier, Last Judgment, St. Peter’s dome begun, Palestrina