Exam 3 - chantel3

Question 1

What form of energy is used in high intensity exercise?

Answer 1

burning all glucose

Question 2

What form of energy is used in moderate intensity exercise?

Answer 2

balance btwn using glucose and fatty acids, possibly a little bit of AAs

Question 3

What form of energy is used at REST?

Answer 3

mostly fatty acids, some glucose, little AAs

Question 4

Where should the majority of food energy come from for athletes?

Answer 4

> CARBS (60%) such as whole grains, fruits, nuts bc athletes perform high/mod intensity activities
20-25% dietary fat (monosaturated bc oxidize slower than polyunsat)
25-20% protein from plant or animal sources

Question 5

What are 4 sources of carbs? Why do we focus on carbs?

Answer 5

Veggies, fruits, starch, dairy

only nutrient that can be metabolized anaerobically
>allows us to maximally fill glycogen stores »>Liver—will maintain blood glucose lvls »>Muscles—used only in the mscl where glycogen is stored

Question 6

What is carb loading? Fxn?

Answer 6

decreasing physical activity as one nears event, increasing carb intake (at least 6g per kg)
>Impt to consume carb in meal prior to event to maximally store liver glycogen

*Can help increase mscl glyocgen stores

Question 7

What is micronutrient need for athletes?

Answer 7

> B vitamins–enriched into flour
Iron–sports anemia (related to losing blood through cell breakdown during high intensity exercise)
Ca2+–female athlete triad
Vit D–everyone! (:

Question 8

Why is fluid needed during physical activity?

Answer 8

> Eliminate heat
Transport O2 and nutrients to mscls
Remove waste products

Question 9

What is dehydration and its effects? Weight loss during exercise?

Answer 9

> When water loss is great enough for blood volume to decrease
»reduces body’s ability to deliver O2 and nutrients to mscls
»body temp rises and exercise performance as well as health can be jeopardized

> Weight loss during exercise=primarily water loss, 1lb = 16 oz (2cups) of H2O

Question 10

Why is heat-related illness a concern for athletes?

Answer 10

Exercising in hot, humid weather can lead to can lead to heat-related illnesses, e.g. heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke
>in danger in high temps and humidity lvls
»>water cant cool body via evaporation (sweat) bc water is concentrated outside [moves from high conc to low conc, it stays on skin and doesn’t cool body]

Question 11

What is hyponatremia?

Answer 11

when athlete loses water and Na+ in sweat but replaces these losses w/ plain water, diluting remaining Na+ in blood
>can cause complcations