Exam 3 -ch14 Personality

Question 1

Personality

Answer 1

People’s typical ways of thinking, feeling and behaving

Question 2

Twin and adoption studies

Answer 2

A way to test nature vs nurture. Twins have twice as many of the same genes and adoption studies examine if the adoptee resembles their genetic or adopted parents

Question 3

Shared and nonshared environmental influences

Answer 3

Shared: same parental treatment
Nonshared: diff parental treatment

Question 4

Psychodynamic/psychoanalytic theory

Answer 4

Coming from Freud:

• relies on insight
• make the unconscious conscious

Question 5

Behavioral/social learning theory

Answer 5

BEHAVIORAL: genetic factors and contingencies in the environment, that is, reinforcers and punishers

SOCIAL :theorists who emphasize thinking as a cause of personality

Question 6

Humanistic theory

Answer 6

Free will with self-actualizaition / drive to develop our innate potential to the fullest possible extent

Question 7

Trait theory

Answer 7

Traits make up our personality

OCEAN
Openness 
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism

Question 8

Sigmund Freud

Answer 8

Father of Psychoanalysis

Question 9

Unconscious, preconscious, conscious mind

Answer 9

Iceberg

Question 10

Id, ego, superego

Answer 10

Instictive, conscious person, our sense of morality

Question 11

Defense mechanisms

Answer 11

Unconscious maneuvers intended to reduce anxiety

Question 12

Psychosexual stages: oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

Answer 12

Oral-dependency 
Anal-cleanliness
Phallic-Oedipal complex
Latency6-12 sublimation of sexual
Genital-renewed sexual impulses

Question 13

Oedipus complex

Answer 13

Wanting to fight your dad for your mom

Question 14

Carl Jung: collective unconscious, archetypes

Answer 14

Duh

Question 15

Alfred Adler: inferiority complex

Answer 15

feelings of low self-esteem that can lead to overcompensation for such feelings

Question 16

Karen Horney

Answer 16

First feminist personality theorist;

In the line of Freud but objected to Oedipus

Question 17

B.F. Skinner

Answer 17

Behavioralist believed in conditioning

Question 18

Albert Bandura: self-efficacy expectancies

Answer 18

Belief in self ability and/or results

Question 19

Abraham Maslow: focus on the positive side of personality

Answer 19

Hierarchy of needs

Question 20

Self-actualization

Answer 20

Highest lever of hierarchy of needs. Fullest human potential

Question 21

Hierarchy of needs

Answer 21

Must satisfy physiological needs before complex ones

Question 22

Carl Rogers

Answer 22

Humanist/positivist/believed in conditions of worth

Question 23

Conditions of worth

Answer 23

according to Rogers, expectations we place on ourselves for appropriate and inappropriate behavior

Question 24

Unconditional positive regard

Answer 24

nonjudgmental acceptance of all feelings the client expresses.

Question 25

Traits

Answer 25

Enduring predisposition that influences behavior

Question 26

Hans Eysenck’s Type Theory

Answer 26

Psychoticism, Neuroticism, and Extroverted

Question 27

Five factor model of personality

Answer 27

OCEAN

Question 28

Projective tests

Answer 28

Ambiguous stimuli for interpretation : inkblots: etc..

Question 29

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2

Answer 29

widely used structured personality test designed to assess symptoms of mental disorders