Exam 3 Ch 14 part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What Clade did we learn that Phylum Echinodermata fell into?

A

Clade Ambulacraria (tree-lined path)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Clade Ambulacraria contains what two deuterostome phyla?

A

Echinodermata and Hemichordata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do members of Clade Ambulacraria share?

A

3 part coelom
similar larval forms
axial complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Is their mesoderm formed by inpocketing or outpocketing?

A

outpocketing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is regulative development?

A

cell fate is determined by communication with cells around it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Explain adult versus larval symmetry in Echinodermata.

A

Adults have pentaradial symmetry while the larva are bilateral symmetrical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Echinodermata are restricted to marine environments because?

A

they cannot osmoregulate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Their endoskeleton is 95% calcium carbonate, and has what three structures?

A

ossicles or plates, spines, and pedicellariae (tiny pincher that has a muscle allowing it to open and close.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Their unique water vascular system replaces which systems that are present in other animals?

A

skeletal and circulatory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are dermal branchiae used for?

A

respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Echinoderms have mutable connective tissue made of…

A

Catch collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Are they monoecious or dioecious?

A

dioecious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In Class Asteroidea, they have a central disc and 5+ arms, and what other special structures on the aboral surface?

A

spines, pedicellariae, dermal branchiae, and a madreporite.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What structures are on the oral surface of Class Asteroidea?

A

the mouth, Ambulacrum, and Ambulacral groove.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Explain the characteristics of the digestive system in Class Asteroidea.

A

predators of bivalves, because they are slow
2-part stomach (cardiac and pyloric)
enormous digestive glands in each arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Explain the characteristics of the reproductive system in Class Asteroidea.

A
Dioecious
pair of gonads in each arm
external fertilization
Regeneration of lost parts
autotomy (can drop a leg)
17
Q

In Class Echinoidea, what is their special feeding structure called?

A

Aristotle’s lantern

18
Q

In Class Echinoidea, what is used for locomotion?

A

tube feet, as well as spikes

19
Q

In class Echinoidea, what is different from Asteroidea in terms of body plan?

A

they have internal pentaradial symmetry instead of external.

20
Q

In class Echinoidea, what is different about the Ambulacral grooves?

A

they are closed and radial canals run beneath test.

21
Q

For irregular Echinoids, like sand dollars and heart urchins, what are spines used for?

A

To filter particles

22
Q

In Class Ophiuroidea, where is the madreporite located?

A

on oral surface

23
Q

In Class Ophiuroidea, what is used for respiration?

A

bursal slits are used for gas exchange and also for brood chambers.

24
Q

In Class Ophiuroidea, what two structures are absent?

A

dermal branchiae and pedicellariae

25
In Class Ophiuroidea, where are visceral organs located?
in the central disc
26
In Class Ophioroidea, describe the Ambulacral groove.
It is closed and covered with ossicles.
27
Describe the distinctive mouth of organisms in Class Ophiuroidea.
there are five moveable plates that surround the mouth and jaw
28
Are brittle stars capable of regeneration?
Yes.
29
In Class Holothuroidea, what is used for locomotion?
ventral tube feet and muscular body waves to move.
30
In Class Holothuroidea, how is gas exchange achieved?
by respiratory trees, skin, and tube feet.
31
In Class Holothuroidea, what do they call the 10-30 modified tube feet surrounding the mouth?
oral tentacles
32
Class Holothuroidea has reduced ossicles and an extended...
oral-aboral body axis.
33
Are sea lillies sessile?
yes.
34
IN Class Crinoidea, what is the crown composed of?
the calyx, arms and pinnules.
35
What is unusual about the mouth and anus of class crinoidea?
they are both on the upper surface.
36
What structures are missing from Crinoideans?
no madreporite, spines, or pedicellariae
37
How do those organisms in Class Crinoidea feed?
on small organisms using tube feet and mucous strands.