Exam 3 Cardiovascular and Lympatic Diseases

Question 1

Over ______% of plaque deposits in coronary arteries contain ______.

Answer 1

90%

Chlamydia pneumonia

Question 2

What is the pericardium?

Answer 2

membrane layer around heart

Question 3

What is pericarditis and myocarditis and each organismic cause?

Answer 3

Inflammation of pericardium
Inflammation of heart muscles
Staphylococcus aureus

Question 4

What is the organismic cause of Anthrax?

Answer 4

Bacillus Anthracis

Question 5

Describe 4 details of the bacillus antracis microbe.

Answer 5

Large
Gram POS
Faculative anaerobe- prefers oxygen but can live w/out
Endospores remain for 5o yrs.

Question 6

Name the types of antrax diseases and their respective probability as well as fatality rate.

Answer 6

Cutaneous 90% (1% fatal)
Respiratory 5% (100% fatal)
Intestinal 5% (25%-50% deathly)

Question 7

Describe 2 S&S of cutaneous Anthrax.

Answer 7

Develop 2-5 days after spore entry

Lesion center is black and necrotic leaving scars

Question 8

Define necrotic.

Answer 8

dead cells/tissue

Question 9

Describe S&S of intestinal Anthrax.

Answer 9

Similar to food poisoning

Question 10

Describe 2 S&S of Respiratory Anthrax.

Answer 10

Clots formed in pulmonary capillaries & lymph nodes

Swelling obstructs airway

Question 11

What is an AKA & cause for bubonic plague?

Answer 11

Pneumonic plague

Yersinia pestis

Question 12

Describe 3 facts of the bubonic plague microbe?

Answer 12

Short
Gram NEG
Bacillus

Question 13

What are common causes and method of spread of bubonic plague? (2)

Answer 13

Biological Vector(?)- spread by infected rodents with fleas carrying the organism
Poor sanitation

Question 14

What system does the Yersinia pestis travel though and what are its 3 S&S?

Answer 14

Travels through lympatics
Buboes- lymph node inflammation in axilla or groin
Homorrhages- turns skin black
Septicemic plague- fatal

Question 15

Describe 3 pneumonic plague facts.

Answer 15

It is the bubonic plague when involved with lungs
Martality rate- 100%
Spread- by droplet aerosols

Question 16

Define zoonosis.

Answer 16

DZ that can be transmitted to humans from animals

Question 17

What causes Tularemia and what is an aka for this disease?

Answer 17

Francisella tularensis

Rabbit fever

Question 18

What disease are taxidermists susceptible to?

Answer 18

Tularemia

Question 19

What are the 6 S&S of tularemia?

Answer 19

High Fever (104-106)
Severe headache
Chills
Shaking
Ulcer at site of entry 
Buboes

Question 20

What are the S&S, AKA’s, and cause of Brucellosis?

Answer 20

Brucella melitensis
Undulant fever
Malta fever
Fever cycle- high in afternoon/low at night after profuse sweating

Question 21

What causes relapsing fever?

Answer 21

Borrelia species

Gram negative spirochete

Question 22

How is relapsing fever transferred?

Answer 22

Tick

Louse

Question 23

What are the 4 steps of S&S of relapsing fever?

Answer 23

Develops after 3-5d incubation
Lasts 3-7d
None 7-10d
Returns 2-3d

Question 24

What other disease does the relapsing fever microbe cause?

Answer 24

Lymes Disease- Borrelia burgdorferi

Question 25

How is Lyme disease transmitted?

Answer 25

Tick

Question 26

What are the 4 S&S of Lyme disease?

Answer 26

Hallmark- bull's eye rash at bite site Arthritis myocarditis demyelination- causes dimentia

Question 27

What type of microbes are obligate (needs host to survive) intracellular parasites?

Answer 27

Ricketssial

Question 28

Name 5 Rickettsial diseases and their respective microbe.

Answer 28

``` Typhus fever Epidemic typhus Endemic (murine) typhus Scrub typhus Brill Zinsser disease ```

Question 29

What microbe causes epidemic typhus?

Answer 29

Rickettsia prowazekii

Question 30

What is a louse?

Answer 30

parasite that lives on skin

Question 31

Describe in detail 5 S&S of epidemic typhus.

Answer 31

``` Fever Severe headache 6-7d of rash beginning on truck and spread to extremeties (rarely on sole or palm) Liver and spleen enlargement 40% mortality rate ```

Question 32

Describe 3 facts of Brill Zinsser disease and its S&S.

Answer 32

Recurrence of typhus infection from latent organisms in Lymphs Short duration No Rash

Question 33

What causes endemic (murine) typhus?

Answer 33

Rickettsia tyhpi

Question 34

How is epidemic typhus transmitted?

Answer 34

body louse

Question 35

How is endemic typhus transmitted and what is its martality rate as well as state of higher incidence?

Answer 35

Fleas (not lice like in epidemic) Low mortality High in TX

Question 36

What causes Scrub typhus?

Answer 36

Rickettsia Tsutsugamushi

Question 37

How is scrub typhus transmitted?

Answer 37

Mite transmission

Question 38

What is an aka for rocky mountain spotted fever and what species is it apart of?

Answer 38

Rickettsia Rickettsii | Dermacentor spp

Question 39

What are the 4 S&S of rocky mountain spottted fever

Answer 39

Fever Headache Weakness Rash- begins ankles and wrist, prominent on palms and soles, progress toward trunk

Question 40

What is the natural mortality rate of rocky mountain spotted fever and its mortality rate after antibiotic treatment?

Answer 40

80% | 5%-10%

Question 41

What is shinbone fever an aka for?

Answer 41

Trench Fever

Question 42

What causes Trench fever?

Answer 42

Bartonella quintana

Question 43

Describe Trench fever's microbe.

Answer 43

Gram NEG Bacillus intracellular parasite of RBC

Question 44

What are the S&S of Trench fever?

Answer 44

Vascular inflammation | Endocarditis

Question 45

What are the 3 hemorrhagic fevers, their respective virus, and country commonly seen in?

Answer 45

Ebola virus- Africa Marbug virus- Germany Lassa Fever- Africa