Exam 3

Question 1

Which kingdom is this:
unicellular & multicellular
eukaryotic
do not display tissue differentiation
not a natural kingdom

Answer 1

kingdom protista

Question 2

What organism is this:
predominantly aquatic
photosynthetic eukaryote
uni or multicellular
evolved via endosymbiosis

Answer 2

algae

Question 3

Which phyla of alga is described:
aquatic and terrestrial  
unicellular, filamentous, or colonial
multicellular seaweed
structurally diverse
biochemically similar

Answer 3

chlorophtya

green algae

Question 4

organism made up of multinucleate mass of protoplasm enclosed by one cell wall
ie: caulerpa

Answer 4

coenocyte

Question 5

what type of algae undergoes isomorphic alternation of generations?
what does isomorphic mean?

Answer 5

ulva

haploid and diploid phase look very similar

Question 6

identify the type of reproduction:

1. 2 flagellated gametes of the same size
2. 2 flagellated gametes of diff size
3. non motile egg and flagellated sperm

Answer 6

1. isogamous
2. ansiogamous
3. oogamous

Question 7

chlorophyll a and b
carotenoids
cell walls w/ cellulose

Answer 7

green algae

Question 8

what organism did land plants evolve from

Answer 8

green algae

Question 9

what organism does green algae have a mutualistic relationship with

Answer 9

3 toed sloth

Question 10

what family of algae is described:
macroalgae
mostly marine
found in intertidal zone
cellulose in cell wall
use trumpet cells

Answer 10

chromophyta

brown algae

Question 11

what are trumpet cells analogous to

what does it transport

Answer 11

sieve tube members of phloem

sugars

Question 12

what type of algae is described here:
chlorophyll a and c
carotenoids
fucoxanthin
glucose reserves
cell wall is cellulose and slimy material

Answer 12

chromophyta

brown algae

Question 13

what color is the carotenoid fucoxanthin

Answer 13

brown

Question 14

name these giant kelp parts!

1. leaf like structure
2. sac attached to blade
3. stem like structure
4. roots kelp to substrate

Answer 14

1. blade
2. air bladder
3. stipe
4. holdfast

Question 15

what does the air bladder/pneumatocyst do for the kelp

Answer 15

keep it floating upright

Question 16

what family of algae is this:
mostly macroalgae
marine
red
edible species

Answer 16

rhodophyta

red algae

Question 17

what algae is described here:
chlorophyll a
carotenoids
phycobillins
storage molecule is floridean starch
cell wall made up of cellulose and slimy mucilages

Answer 17

red algae

rhodophyta

Question 18

what color pigment are phycoerythrin

Answer 18

red

Question 19

what is harvested by horses and used an emulsifier in toothpaste and icecream

Answer 19

carrageenan

Question 20

do rhodophyta have flagellated cells or a typical life cycle

Answer 20

no ma’am

Question 21

is lichen a single organism?

if not what is it made up of?

Answer 21

nope

mycobiont and photobiont

Question 22

what kingdom do the algae in lichen come from

Answer 22

protista or bacteriae

Question 23

what fungal partners make up lichen?
which is the most common
what is the third component of lichen that was recently discovered?

Answer 23

ascomycota
basidiomycota
ascomycota
cyphobasidium

Question 24

what are the four main genera of algal partner and which phylum do they belong to

Answer 24

trebouxia and trentepohlia- green algae

nostoc and scytonema- cyanobacterium

Question 25

are the algae obligate symbionts | are the fungi obligate symbionts

Answer 25

no | yes

Question 26

what color are lichens in Antarctica

Answer 26

orange

Question 27

what type of lichen is the epiphyte lace lichen

Answer 27

fruticose

Question 28

where was the first lichen found and where did it grow | where was the second lichen like fossil found and where did it grow

Answer 28

scotland; terrestrial | china; marine

Question 29

what anchors lichen to their substrate

Answer 29

rhizines

Question 30

what morphology does the lichen exhibit

Answer 30

that of the fungus

Question 31

what are two ways the the algal cells are distributed in lichen

Answer 31

evenly or in a thin layer among the fungal hyphae

Question 32

what are the 3 lichen growth forms

Answer 32

crustose foliose fruticose

Question 33

Name this growth form: flat grow tightly appressed to substrate

Answer 33

crustose

Question 34

Name this growth form: flat with leaf like lobes not so tightly appressed

Answer 34

foliose

Question 35

Name this growth form: erect branched shrub-like

Answer 35

fruticose

Question 36

how do lichens asexually reproduce | how are they distributed

Answer 36

use soredia that have both algal and fungal cells | wind

Question 37

how do lichens sexually reproduce | how are they distributed

Answer 37

use ascocarps and ascospores wind obtain algal partner by chance

Question 38

what does the photobiont provide for the lichen

Answer 38

food

Question 39

what does the mycobiont provide for the lichen

Answer 39

water and minerals prevents desiccation high light

Question 40

what acid does the unicellular yeast produce and what is its job

Answer 40

vulpinic | protection from herbivores

Question 41

which organism is a bioaccumulator of atmospheric pollutants? how

Answer 41

lichen | certain species won't grow when there are high levels of sulfur dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions

Question 42

what phylum do these nonvascular plants belong to: 1. mosses 2. liverworts 3. hornworts

Answer 42

bryophyta hepaticophyta anthoceratophyta

Question 43

what makes a non-vascular plant non-vascular

Answer 43

lacks a xylem and phloem | the haploid gametophyte is the dominant phase

Question 44

which of the three types of non vascular plants don't have true stomata? why?

Answer 44

liverworts | the lack guard cells

Question 45

stemlike structure that absorbs water and minerals | lacks cuticle and stomata

Answer 45

caulid

Question 46

leave like structure that has cuticle but lacks stomata

Answer 46

phyllids

Question 47

where is the cuticle located on the moss' phyllids

Answer 47

upper surface

Question 48

what anchors mosses to their substrate

Answer 48

rhizoids

Question 49

filamentous structure that gives rise to gametophytes

Answer 49

protonema

Question 50

why do moss gametophytes grow closely together

Answer 50

to maintain water and for mechanical support

Question 51

what two conducting cells can be found in moss gametophytes | what kind of cells make up moss gametophytes

Answer 51

hydroid leptoids parenchyma

Question 52

``` nonliving at maturity no protoplast no secondary wall analogous to xylem conducts water and minerals ```

Answer 52

hydroid

Question 53

``` living at maturity has protoplast anucleate analogous to phloem conduct photosynthates and sugars ```

Answer 53

leptoid

Question 54

what is found at the tip of moss that makes an egg

Answer 54

archegonia

Question 55

what makes sperm for mosses

Answer 55

antherida

Question 56

are moss gametophytes capable of meiosis

Answer 56

nopeeee

Question 57

is the moss sporophyte connected to the gametophyte? | how?

Answer 57

yes | via the foot

Question 58

allows for the movement of sugar and h2o to the sporophyte

Answer 58

foot

Question 59

stalk of the sporophyte

Answer 59

seta

Question 60

what is found at the tip of the seta

Answer 60

sporangium

Question 61

does the moss sporophyte have stomata? | conducting tisse?

Answer 61

yes | depends

Question 62

what has to fall off before spores are released from the sporphytes

Answer 62

operculum

Question 63

what phylum do ferns belong to

Answer 63

polypodiophyta

Question 64

what is dominant form of ferns in alternation of generations

Answer 64

sporophyte

Question 65

what phylum do conifers belong to

Answer 65

pinophyta

Question 66

what are the leaves called on the fern sporophyte

Answer 66

fronds

Question 67

cluster of sporangia found on the underside of a fern sporophyte frond

Answer 67

sori

Question 68

heart shaped thallus NO vascular tissue rhizoids for anchorage

Answer 68

fern gametophyte

Question 69

only one type of spore is produced

Answer 69

homosporous

Question 70

two types of spore are produced

Answer 70

heterosporous

Question 71

leaf that lacking vascular tissue

Answer 71

prophyll

Question 72

leaf that has a single unbranched vascular bundle

Answer 72

microphyll

Question 73

leaf has branching vasculature

Answer 73

megaphyll

Question 74

leaves that bear sporangia

Answer 74

sporophyll

Question 75

sporophylls that aggregated to form cones

Answer 75

strobili

Question 76

what leaf form do ferns exhibit

Answer 76

megaphyll