Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Fundamentals > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Defecation

A

Process of bowel elimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Constipation

A

Less frequent hard stools that are difficult to pass.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Diarrhea

A

Several liquid or watery stools 3x or more a day.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fecal impaction

A

A blockage of the movement of feces through the intestine by mass of very hard stool.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Flatus

A

Normal flora bacteria that interacts with chyme.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Concern lack of peristalsis

A 
Hard swallowing
Reflux
gas
severe constipation 
diarrhea
abdominal pain
vomiting
bloating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Infants will have how many bowel per day?

A

3-6 daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

As we get older the peristalsis tends to get what?

A

Decrease and prone to constipation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Its is important to know what when it comes to normal BM?

A

The patient’s last BM.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the goal to maintain the normal bowel pattern?

A

At least every 3 days to prevent constipation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Normally how long does it take after eating to have a BM

A

30 minutes - 1 hour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Normal color of BM

A

Brown color and if the person eats something that is spinach, it can be green or when the person eats beets it can be red.
Iron suppliments it can be dark brown or black.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Normal consistency

A

Soft, formed consistancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Normal odor

A

Slight odor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Normal Shape

A

Curved stool

If the person has ribbon like shape, it can indicate tumor or colon cancer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Estatorea

A

Fat in the stool, it floats and it is foul. (malabsorption)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Infection in stool

A

Mucous, blood or pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Before assuming about the characteristic of the stool, what do we need to know?

A

Dietary changes or medication.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Constipation signs & symptoms

A 
Hypoactive (fewer than 5 clicks)
Bloated
cramping
stomach hurts
not feeling well.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Signs& symptoms of fecal impaction

A

severely dehydrated
several liquid stool per day because of the blockage.
smears in the underwear.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What happen if the fecal impaction is not relieved?

A

Obstruction or perforation of the bowel wall can occur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Who is more susceptible to fecal impaction?

A

Elderly
Patient in bed rest
Severely dehydrated
abused in laxative.

23
Q

Signs and symptoms of diarrhea

A

Loose watery stool 3x per day

Cramps and urge to defecate.

24
Q

What can happen in a person with diarrhea?

A

Lack of fluid, or even electrolytes.
Can have a skin condition because the fecal matter is bad for the skin. (this usually occurs in the elderly, infants, and children.

25
Q

Steatorrhea

A

Fluffy floats on water and has a foul odor is due to undigested fat

26
Q

Abnormal feces color

A

Yellow and greasy and has foul odor also may be due to pancreatitis and. pancreatic cancer.

27
Q

Ribbon shaped

A

compression on the colon by a tumor. Colon cancer

28
Q

Blood, mucus, and pus can indicate

A

infection and inflammation of the intestinal mucosa.

29
Q

Parasites in stool

A

thread-like worms and granules that are parasite eggs.

30
Q

Stool that is pale or clay color

A

Indicates a lack of bile in the intestine, which may be due to liver or gallbladder disease.

31
Q

Amount of red blood can indicate:

A

Hemorrhoids

32
Q

A larger amount of bright red blood will indicate:

A

Bleeding or hemorrhage from the colon.

33
Q

The maroon color stool can indicate

A

bleeding from the small intestine

34
Q

Black and Tarry stool with a foul smell

A

Bleeding from the stomach. Melena.

35
Q

Borborygmi

A

Excessive loud gurgling. Indicated hunger. Bowel Obstruction if not hungry.

36
Q

Factors contributing to constipation

A 
Decreased activity level
Pregnancy
Changes in food intake
Decreased in fluid intake
Medication side effects
Surgery
Depression
Aging
Laxative abuse
Nerve damage
37
Q

Intervensions for constipation

A

Increased activity 3-4x/day
Determine patients normal BM frequency pattern
Carefully track and document bowel characteristics
Assess bowel signs
Reposition patient at least every 2 hours.
Encourage fluids as allowed by health-care provider
Encourage fiber intake, whole grains, fruits and veggies.

38
Q

Fluid intake should be

A

1500-2500ml/day

39
Q

Fiber intake

A

25-35 g/day

40
Q

Tap water

A 
500-1000ml
For cleansing
Hypotonic, no for infants, children, or CHF
Increases peristalsis. 
Allows fluid to move through intestinal.
41
Q

Normal Saline 0.9%

A

500-1000 ml

Isotonic: adds fluid to the colon that does not move.

42
Q

Normal saline volume by age

A

Infant: 50-150ml
Toddlers 150-350 ml
School-age:350-500 ml

43
Q

Soapsuds (castile soap only)

A

5ml of soap/1000ml

Distending the colon and irritating the walls of the colon, which increases peristalsis.

44
Q

Hypertonic sodium phosphate

A

120 ml
Hypertonic pulls fluid from the intestinal to soften the stool.
Normally used only by adults.

45
Q

Oil retention

A

120 ml
Soften hard stools (impaction)
Making it easier to remove.
Instill 1 hour before.

46
Q

Medicated enemas

A

As ordered
Exchange of substances and decreases inflammation
May require balloon to hold meds.

47
Q

Steroid enemas

A

Decrease inflammation in the walls of the rectum.

48
Q

Kayexelate enema

A

Pulls potassium from the body.

49
Q

Milk and molasses

A

As ordered
Cleansing
Hypertonic solution
Must be heated and cool to body temp.

50
Q

Return flow (Harris flush and siphon enema

A

500-1000ml

Removes flatus

51
Q

High enema

A

500-1000ml

Cleanse higher up in the colon

52
Q

The water temp of enemas should be between

A

105-110F

53
Q

The normal insert tip

A

3-4 inches.

54
Q

Contraindications to enemas

A 
Rectal surgery
Severe bleeding hemorrhoids
Ulcer, Crohn disease
Rectal fissure
Rectal cancer
certain heart condition heart attack unstable angina.

Fundamentals (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions