Exam 3 Flashcards
vowel: less ? sound energy comes from? ALL vowels mainly?
complete constriction
vocal fold vibration
voiced
low frequency
Consonants: more? sound energy comes from ? voiced only: -noise and/or voicing:
complete constriction
vocal fold vibration and/or noise at point of constriction
resonant
obstruents
examples of resonant consonants:
-what frequency
examples of obstruent consonants:
-what frequency
nasals, liquids, glides
-low frequency
stops, fricatives, affricates
-high frequency
stops are ?
closing in ?
among the ?
sound source:
for voiced:
for voiceless:
complete constriction
nasal cavity and velopharyngeal port
shortest in duration
point of constriction
noise produced at point of constriction and vocal tone of vibrating vocal folds
/p/ and /b/
/p/
/b/
velopharyngeal port ?
voiceless, bilabial stop
voiced bilabial stop
closed
/t/ and /d/
/t/
/d/
In terms of -ed: if phoneme proceeding -ed is voiced final phoneme will also be voiced or if a tap procedes -ed ? if phoneme is voiceless use?
velopharyngeal port
voiceless, alveolar stop
voiced, alveolar stop
/d/, /t/
may open during production of /t/ or /d/ (nasal plosion)
allophones of /t/ and /d/
alveolar tap examples
glottal stop: examples generally occurs in ? What are the articulators? voiced or voiceless? it is considered homographic which means?
wittle, coddle, cutie, toto, ladder
button, mountain, hat, fatten, latin, atlas, kitten
syllable-final position
- vocal folds
- voiceless
- phonemes share the same place of articulation
/k/ and /g/
/k/
/g/
voiceless, velar stop
voiced velar stop
nasal consonants: airstream completely -sonorant or obstruents? -all? -sound source is ?
obstructed
sonorants
voiced
vibration of vocal folds
/m/:
/n/:
/ing/
voiced bilabial nasal
voiced alveolar nasal
voiced velar nasal
The fricatives:
the articulators do not?
obstruents or sonorants?
less intense than
/f/ and /v/
/f/
/v/
close completely
obstruents
fricatives
voiceless labiodental fricative
voiced labiodental fricative
theta
eth
voiceless interdental fricative
voiced interdental fricative
/s/ and /z/
/s/
/z/
when final consonant is voiceless use ?
when final consonant is voiced or in the case of -ies ?
voiceless alveolar fricative
voiced alveolar fricative
/s/
/z/
esh:
examples
yogh
examples
voiceless, palatal fricative
voiced palatal fricative
shook
measure, fusion
/h/
only one who doesnt have a
voiceless, glottal fricative
voiced cognate
affricates: mixture of
chair /ch/
jar /dj/
stop and fricative - obstruents
voiceless palatal affricate
voiced platal affricate
approximants:
glides and liquids
/j/:
/r/
/w/
/l/
velopharyengeal port closed and all voiced
as in yet voiced, palatal glide
voiced, palatal liquid
voiced, labiovelar glide
voiced, alveolar liquid
which consonants do not use the tongue
/h/ /b/ and /f/
Labiodental Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal Lingual
lower lip and upper central incisors tongue apex (or blade) and teeth tongue apex (or blade) and alveolar ridge blade of tongue and hard palate back of tongue and velum vocal folds tongue
phonemes that differ only in voicing are called
cognates
