Exam 3 Flashcards
1
Q
True or False? Invertebrates are most specious in the animal kingdom primarily due to the insects, which are in the phylum arthropoda, class insect
A
TRUE
2
Q
What is another term for Porifera? A. Pore bearing B. Sponges C. Invertebrate D. A and C
A
A. PORE BEARING
3
Q
What are all the following characteristics of Phylum Porifera? Select all that apply.
A. No tissues or organs
B. Asymmetrical or Radially Symmetrical
C. Mostly marine with 150 freshwater species
D most primitve of the animal kingdom
E. Filter Feeders
F. Multiple tissues
A
A B C D E
4
Q
True or False?
To be placed in Eumetazoa you must process true tissues
A
TRUE
5
Q
What is a filter feeder? A. Sponges B. Captures food particles suspended in the water that passes through their body C. Osculum D. A and B
A
D
6
Q
True or False?
Amoebocytes digest food and specialize into other cells/ structures of the sponge, such as spicules
A
TRUE
7
Q
True or False? Phlyum Cidaria (named after stinging cells, Cnidocytes)
A
TRUE
8
Q
What are the following characteristics of the Phylum Cidaria? Select all that apply A. Diploblastic B. Polymorphic C. Radially D. Neural net E. Incomplete gut
A
All of the above
9
Q
What is a Class Scyphoza? A. True jellyfish, medusa dominant B. Box jellies, medusa dominant C. Corals and anemones, poly and medusa D. A and B E. Corals and anemones, polyp only
A
A
10
Q
What is a Class Cubozoa? A. True jellyfish, medusa dominant B. Corals and anemones, polyp only C. Box jellies, medusa dominant D. Alternate between poly and medusa
A
C
11
Q
True or False?
Class Anthozoa is alternate between poly and medusa
A
FALSE
Class Anthozoa corals and anemones are poly only
12
Q
True or False?
Class Hydrozoa alternate between poly and medusa
A
False
polyp dominant
13
Q
What are Bilaterians? A. Bilaterally symmetrical B. Tripoblastic C. Neural net D. A and B
A
D
Bilaterians are Bilaterally symmetrical and tripoblastic, which means we have to start paying attention to their celomic cavity
14
Q
True or False?
Trochophore is a larval stage
A
True
15
Q
True or False?
Phylum Platyhelminthes are flat worms
A
True
16
Q
What are characteristics of Phylum Platyhelminthes? select all that apply. A. Acoelomate B. Gastrovascular cavity ( mouth = anus) C. Protenephridia D. Dorsoventrally flattened E. Tissues regenerate in planarians F. How do tapeworms feed G. A, B, C, and D H. Triploblastic, very primitive, do not have a body cavity
A
A B C D E F H
17
Q
True or False?
Tissues do not regenerate in planarians
A
FALSE
Tissues regenerate in planarians
18
Q
True or False?
Gatrovascular cavity is mouth = anus?
A
TRUE
19
Q
True or False?
Ectoprocs are colonial and can be reef builders
A
TRUE
They are sessile, hard body parts, build reefs
20
Q
What are Brachiopods? A. Colonial B. Reef builders C Radula D. Shells dorsal & ventral E. A and D
A
D
Brachiopods are shells dorsal and ventral instead of lateral like clams
21
Q
What are the 4 defining characteristics of animals?
A
A. Ingestive Heterotrophs
B. Multicellular
C. Cells lack a cell wall
D. Nervous tissue and muscle tissue is unique to animals
22
Q
True or False?
Sponges are filter feeders capturing food particles suspended in the water
A
True
23
Q
True or False?
Sponges are not filter feeders
A
False
Sponges are filter feeders
24
Q
How do tapeworms feed? A. Scolex B. They absorb nutrients directly from the host’s intestine C. Mouth D. All of the above E. Gastrovascular cavity
A
B
They do NOT have a mouth or gastrovascular cavity, they absorb the nutrients directly from the hosts intestine 😁
25
What is the relationship between the choanocytes and chanoflagellate?
A. They create cells
B. Filter feeding
C. Choanoflagellates are almost identical in shape and function with the choanocytes
D. The flagella makes a current that draws water and food particles through the body of a sponge, choanocytes create the current allowing the animal to feed
E. C & D
E
26
```
What is the function of the hooks and suckers on the scolex?
A. For attaching to the host
B. Make fertilized eggs
C. Hook on intestines of vertebrae
D. A & C
E. All the above
```
D
27
```
What do proglottids contain?
A. Gentiles
B. fertilized eggs
C. Units that contain sex organs and form a ribbon behind scolex
D. B & C
```
C
28
True or False?
Roterfiers are microscopic, multicellular, aquatic, can live in soils if soils are damp, filter feed on nutrients, have a complete gut
True
29
True or false?
Parthenogenesis means virgin birth, when underutilized eggs develop into an adult, all offspring will be female and clones of their mother
True
30
```
Phylum Mollusca has three body parts which are?
A. Foot
B. Mantle
C. Visceral mass
D. All of the above
```
D
| The mantle secretes the shell
31
```
What is the radula’s function?
A. Scraping tongue
B. Hard tongue, allows them to scrape allege off of rocks
C. A & B
D. Massaging the foot
```
C
32
What are the four classes of the Phylum Molluscas?
A. Crinoidea, holothuroidae, chitons, gastropoda
B. Polyplacophoran, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda
C. Medusa, Polyp, Hydrozoans, Scyphozoans
D. None of the above
B
*Polyplacaphoran many movable plates
Chitons LIVE ON ROCKS found in west coast
*Gastropoda stomach footed snail and slugs
*Bivalvia two shells oysters clams etc..
*Cephalopoda head footed animals squids octopus cuttlefish etc...
33
True or false?
| Bivalvia are filter feeders, and function of abductors. Close valves aka close shells
True
34
True or false ?
Class Cephalopods are known for their nervous system. Their shell are greatly reduced or absent except for nautiluses. squid, octopi, do not have shells and cuttlefish has a small shell. They have a close circulatory system.
True
35
True or false?
| Phylum Annelida are round worms
False
| They are segmented worms
36
```
What are the classes of Phylum Annelida? Select all that apply.
A. Class Polychaeta
B. Class oligochaete
C. Class Hirundines
D. A & C
E. B & C
```
A
B
C
37
True or false?
| Polychaete means many & Oligochaete means a few
True
38
```
What are the hirundines?
A. Leaches
B. Worms
C. Brittle stars
D. Turtle
```
A
39
True or False?
The cuticle is shed or molted through a process called ecdysis. Molting having to molt in order to get bigger. Molting and exoskeleton. Animals that molt
True
40
True or false?
| Phylum Nematoda are leaches that are abundant and have longitude muscles
False
| Round worms that are very abundant and have longitude muscles
41
Phylum Nematoda only have longitude muscles and are VERY VERY abundant
TRUE
| Dr Cobb father of nematology
42
```
Phylum Arthropoda. Select all that apply.
A. Exoskeleton
B. Trilobites
C. Subphylum Chelicerata
D. Subphylum Myriapoda
E. Pancrustacea
F. Hirundines
G. Bivalvia
```
```
A
B
C
D
E
```
43
True or false?
| Largest Phylum in animal kingdom because they contain insects. Phylum Arthropoda means jointed appendages
True
44
Arthropods are extinct. Trilobites, live in shallow waters, hard body parts, fossilize very well. Current and waves are always bringing sediment over. They have a open circulatory system
True
45
```
Subphylum Chelicerata are? Select all that apply.
A. Horseshoe crabs
B. Scorpions,
C. Ticks
D. Mites
E. Spiders
F. Oysters
```
```
A
B
C
D
E
```
46
True or false?
| Chelicerae are feeding appendages with book lungs
True
47
Subphylum Myriapoda are centipede (venomous predators, 1 pair of legs per segment) and millipedes (detritivores, 2 pair of legs per segment)
True
48
```
What are Pancrustacea? Select all that apply.
A. Lobster
B. Crab
C. Shrimp
D. Insects
E. All the above
```
E
49
```
Why are insects so successful in terms of huge number of species?
A. They are very abundant
B. They can fly
C. Diversity of their mouth parts
D. Mutualism with angiosperms
E. B, C, D
```
E
| Flight, mutualism with angiosperm etc...
50
True or false?
Incomplete metamorphosis, the young child called nymphs, resemble adults but are smaller and go through a series of molts until they reach full size
True
51
True or false?
| Pancrustacea have hexapods
True
52
What applies with complete metamorphosis? Select all that apply.
A. Have larval stages known by such names such as maggot, grub, or caterpillar
B. Larval stage looks entirely different from the adult stage
C. Metamorphosis form larva to adult occurs during a pupal stage
D. Called nymphs
E. Resembles parents
A
B
C
D
53
True or False?
Incomplete metamorphosis the young is always called nymphs, resembles the adult but are smaller. Complete metamorphosis, maggot, grub, doesn’t look anything like they adult, different body forms.
True
Complete the young looks different, change body form completely
Incomplete do not have to change as much, resembles the adult just smaller
54
True or False?
| Phylum Echinodermata means jointed appendages
False
| Echinodermata means spiny skin
55
```
Phylum echinoderms have?
A. Water vascular system
B. Tube feet
C. Both A & B
D. None of the above
```
C
| Water vascular system canals branching into Tube feet that function locomotion and feeding
56
True or false?
| Phylum Echinodermata are spiny skin, deuterostomes, pentaradially symeterical
True
57
What are the classes of Phylum Echinodermata?
A. Class Asteroidea (sea stars & sea daisies)
B. Class Ophiuroidea (brittle stars)
C. Echinoidea (sea urchins and sand dollars)
D. Crinoidea (sea lilies & feather stars)
E. Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers)
F. A, B, C, D
```
A
B
C
D
E
```
58
True or false?
| Phylum Chordata consists of two basal groups invertebrates as well as vertebrae
True
59
True or false?
| Phylum chordata are duterostomes that include invertebrates and vertebrae
True
60
True or False? Phylum Chordata have bilaterian deuterostomes and carry four characteristics.
True
61
```
What are the characteristics of Chordates?
A. Notochord
B. Dorsal (hollow nerve cords)
C. Pharyngeal slits or clefts
D. Muscular, post-anal tail
```
```
ALL the above.
A. Notochord
B. Dorsal (hollow nerve cords)
C. Pharyngeal slits or clefts
D. Muscular, post-anal tail
```
62
Mark all that applies. The Notochord:
A.has a longitudinal, flexible rod
B. is located between digestive tube and nerve cord
C. provides skeletal support
D. a complex. jointed skeleton develops
E. retains remants of embryonic notochord
ALL the above
A.has a longitudinal, flexible rod
B. is located between digestive tube and nerve cord
C. provides skeletal support
D. a complex. jointed skeleton develops
E. retains remants of embryonic notochord
63
Mark all apply. Dorsal, Hollow Nerve Cord:
A. located on the nerve cord
B. chordate embryo develops from a plate of ectoderm
C. the ectoderm rolls into a tube dorsal to the notochord
D. nerve cord develops into nervous system: the brain and spinal cord
B. chordate embryo develops from a plate of ectoderm
C. the ectoderm rolls into a tube dorsal to the notochord
D. nerve cord develops into nervous system: the brain and spinal cord
64
Mark all that applies. Pharyngeal clefts:
A. are grooves that form along the outer surface
B. grooves develops into pharyngeal slits that opens to outside the body
C. grooves develop the nervous system
D. All the above
A. are grooves that form along the outer surface
| B. grooves develops into pharyngeal slits that opens to outside the body
65
Mark all that applies. Pharyngeal slits:
A. are suspension feeding structures in invertebrates
B. are gas exchanged in vertebrates (except tetrapods; limbs)
C. develops into part of ears, head, and neck in tetrapods
D. none of the above
A. are suspension feeding structures in invertebrates
B. are gas exchanged in vertebrates (except tetrapods; limbs)
C. develops into part of ears, head, and neck in tetrapods
66
Mark all that applies . Muscular, post-anal tail
A. chordates has a tail to close to the anus
B. reduced during embryonic development
C. contain skeletal elements and muscles
D. provides propelling force to aquatic species
all the above
A. chordates has a tail close to the anus
B. reduced during embryonic development
C. contain skeletal elements and muscles
D. provides propelling force to aquatic species
67
True or False? Cephalochordata (lancelets) are filter feeders that doesn't retain chordate characteristics as adults
FALSE.
| They are suspension feeders and retain the chordate characteristics as adults
68
True or False?
| Urochordata (Tunicates) has chordate characteristics in larvae stage and are filter feeders
TRUE
69
What taxonomy falls under the Subphylum Vertebrata?
A. Urochordata
B. Cyclostomes and Gnathostomes
C. Class Chondrichyes
D. Superclass Osteichthyes and Class Amphiba
E. Amniotes
F. Cephalochordata
B. Cyclostomes and Gnathostomes
C. Class Chondrichyes
D. Superclass Osteichthyes and Class Amphiba
E. Amniotes
70
Mark all that applies. Cyclostomes:
```
A. are jawless chordates
B. filter feeders
C. Class Myxini= Hagfish
D. Class Petromyzontida= lampreys (fish parasite)
E. jawed chordates
F. Lack backbones
```
A. are jawless chordates
C. Class Myxini= Hagfish
D. Class Petromyzontida= lampreys (fish parasite)
F. Lack backbones
71
# Fill in the blank. _____________ are jawed chordates and applies to the rest of the chordates that doesn't fall under jawless chordates.
A. Amniotes
| B. Gnathostomes
B. Gnathostomes
72
Fill in the blank. Class ___________ holds sharks, skates, rays, and chimeras.
A. Osteichthyes
B. Sarcopterygii
C. Chondrichyes
C. Chondrichyes
73
What does the egg do when it's oviparous?
A. It's when eggs hatch outside their mother's body
B. eggs are born after hatching within the uterus
C. is when the embryo develops within a yolk sac placenta.
D. is when a jawless chordata creates it's own egg without a male counterpart.
A. It's when eggs hatch outside their mother's body
74
True or False?
Ovoviviparous are when eggs are kept in within the oviduct and are born after hatching within the uterus.
TRUE
75
# Fill in the blank. ______ is when the embryo develops within the uterus and is nourished from the mother's blood through a yolk sac placenta.
A. Cloaca
| B. Viviparous
B. Viviparous
76
# Fill in the blank. _______ is a common chamber that has an opening to the outside. The reproductive tract, excretory system and digestive tract empty into it.
A. Cloaca
| B. oviparous
A. Cloaca
77
What is Superclass Osteichthyes classifed as?
A. class for bony fish
B. has 3 sub classes
C. Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned)-- most fish
D. Class Sarcoterygii (lobe-finned) -- coelacanths, lung fish, and tetrapods
E. none the above
A. taxonomy for bony fish
C. Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned)-- most fish
D. Class Sarcoterygii (lobe-finned) -- coelacanths, lung fish, and tetrapods
78
# Fill in the blank. Most fish breathe by drawing water over gills protected by an ______.
A. Swim bladder
B. lateral line
C. operculum
C. operculum
79
True or False? Operculum is an air sac that fish use to control their buoyancy.
FALSE.
| Swim bladder is an air sac that fish use to control their buoyancy.
80
# Fill in the blank. Fish have a ________ _______ system
A. lateral line
| B. Swim bladder
A. lateral line
81
What are the characteristics of Tetrapods? Mark all that applies.
A. has 4 limbs and feet with digits
B. has a neck
C. Fusion of the pelvic girdle to the backbone
D. Most have the absence of gills (except aquatic species)
E. has ears to detect airborne sounds
F. ribs and eyes on top of skull
G. fin skeleton and flat skull
A. has 4 limbs and feet with digits
B. has a neck
C. Fusion of the pelvic girdle to the backbone
D. Most have the absence of gills (except aquatic species)
E. has ears to detect airborne sounds
F. has ribs and eyes on top of skull
G. has fin skeleton and flat skull
82
How man orders do Class Amphibia (dual life) have?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 1
D. 3
Amphibia has 3 orders.
Order Urodela-- salamander--tails
Order Anura-- frogs-- tail-less
Order Apoda-- Caecilians-- legless
83
True or False? Paedomorphosis is the retention of juvenile features in sexually mature organisms. It's common in aquatic salamanders
TRUE.
84
# Fill in the blank. During the _______ stage, the tadpole develops legs, lungs, a pair of eternal eardrums, and a carnivorous digestive system.
A. metamorphosis
| B. amplexsis
A. Metamorphosis
85
True or False? Amplexsis is a mating position where male toads clasp the female around the back.
TRUE.
disclaimer: We need to define aplexsis but the online cards doesn't mention it. I got this from google.
86
```
What infection caused a global decline in frogs?
A. ring worms
B. parvo
C. chytrid fungus
D. none of the above
```
C. chytrid fungus
87
```
Mark all that applies. The 4 extraembryonic membranes are:
A. the oviparous
B. the cloaca
C. the amnion
D. the chorion
E. yolk sac
F. the allantois
G. the viviparous
```
C. the aminion
D. the chorion
E. yolk sac
F. the allantois
88
What is the function of the amnion?
A. enclose emrbryo in sac and reduces dependpence of tetrapods in aquatic environments for reproduction
B. Is the stockpile for nutrients
C. A disposal sac for for certain metabolic waste produced by the embryo
D. is the gas exchange between embryo and air.
A. enclose emrbryo in sac and reduces dependpence of tetrapods in aquatic environments for reproduction
89
What is the function of the yolk sac?
A. is the disposal sac for waste produced by the embryo
B. is the gas exchange between the embryo and air
C. is the stockpile for nutrients
D. is used for reproduction
C. is the stockpile for nutrients
90
What is the function for Chorion?
A. Gas exchange between embryo and air
B. helps with reproduction
C. stockpile for nutrients
D. none of the above
A. Gas exchange between embryo and air
91
What is the function for allantois?
A. helps with reproduction
B. gas exchange between embryo and air
C. stockpile for nutrients
D. is a disposal sac for certain waste produced by the embryo
D. is a disposal sac for certain waste produced by the embryo
92
True or False? The amniotic egg does not contain membranes that protects the embryo and was NOT the key adaption to life on land
FALSE.
| The amniotic egg contains membranes that protects the embryo and WAS THE KEY adaption to life on land
93
Fill in the blank.
Class _____ includes turtles, crocs, snakes, lizards, and tuataras
A. Aves.
B. Reptilia
B. Reptilia
94
# Fill in the blank. Reptiles are ______ . Which means they absorb eternal heat as the main source of body heat
A.exothermic
B. endothermic
C. ectothermic
C. ectothermic
95
# Fill in the blank. Birds are _______. This means they're able to maintain body temp through metabolism.
A. ectothermic
B. endothermic
C. exothermic
B. endothermic
96
```
What are the adaptions of birds to facilitate flight?
A. wings keratin feathers
B. loss of teeth
C. females w/ one ovary
D. lack of urinary bladder
E. small gonads
```
```
A. wings keratin feathers
B. loss of teeth
C. females w/ one ovary
D. lack of urinary bladder
E. small gonads
```
97
Mark all that applies. The derived characters of mammals are:
A. mammary glands (produce milk)
B. ectothermic
C. hair and a fat layer under skin for insulation
D. differentiated teeth
E. Kidney, which conserve water from wastes
(part 1)
A. mammary glands (produce milk)
C. hair and a fat layer under skin for insulation
D. differentiated teeth
E. Kidney, which conserve water from wastes
98
```
The derived characters of mammals are:
A. suspension feeders
B. Endothermy and a high metabolic rate
C. A large brain-to-body- size ratio
D. extensive parental care
E. efficient respiratory and circulatory systems
F. goes through a metamorphosis stage
```
B. Endothermy and a high metabolic rate
C. A large brain-to-body- size ratio
D. extensive parental care
E. efficient respiratory and circulatory systems
99
True or False? Marsupials are a small group of egg-laying mammals consisting of echidnas and the platypus
FALSE. Monotremes are a small group of egg-laying mammals consisting of echidnas and the platypus
100
True or False? Marsupials embryos develops within the mother's uterus and is nourished by the placenta.
TRUE.
101
# Fill in the blank. _____ is born very early and completes it's development while nursing in a maternal pouch called _______.
A. Monotremes
B. Marsupials
C. marsupium
D. none of the above
B. Marsupials
| C. marsupium
102
What are Eutherians?
A. Placental mammals
B. has a more complex placenta
C. Has a simple placenta complex
D. completes their embryonic development within a uterus, joined to the mother by the placenta
A. are Placental mammals
B. has a more complex placenta
D. completes their embryonic development within a uterus, joined to the mother by the placenta
103
What is the definition of Anatomy?
A. is the biological functions an organism performs
B. is the space between cells that's filled with fluid
C. are tissues that make up organs
D. is the biological form of an organism
D. is the biological form of an organism
104
What is the definition of Physiology?
A. is the comparative study of animals
B. is the biological functions an organism performs
C. both A and B
D. none of above
B. is the biological functions an organism performs
105
True or False? Form and functions deals with the size and shape and how it can affect the animal interactions with its environment.
TRUE
106
# Fill in the blank. _____ ______ often results in similar adaptions of diverse organisms facing the same challenge.
A. convergent evolution
B. form and function
C. size and shape
A. convergent evolution
107
SEE TABLE 40.1 on POWERPOINT
QUESTIONS ON TEST WILL INCLUDE TABLE 40.1
108
(11 organs and functions if you can't get to the table) Still check the table though
```
Main organs functions:
Digestive: food processing
Circulatory: Internal distribution of materials
Respiratory: gas exchange
Immune and lymphatic: body defense
Excretory: disposal of metabolic waste
Muscular: locomotion and other movement
```
Main organs functions:
Endocrine: coordination of body activities (metabolism)
Reproductive: gamete production; promotion of fertilization; support for developing embryo
Nervous: coordination of body activities; detection of stimuli
Integumentary: protection against mechanical injury
Skeletal: Body support
109
What are the four type of tissues?
```
A. endocrine
B. Epithelium
C. connective
D. muscle
E. Nervous
F. skeletal
```
B. Epithelium
C. connective
D. muscle
E. Nervous
110
True or False? Epithelia tissue covers the outside of the body, lines the organs and cavities within the body.
TRUE
111
True or False? Epithelial cells may be cuboidal (dice), columnar (like bricks on end) or squamous (like floor tiles)
TRUE
112
True or False? The number of layer of the Epithelial cells can be simple (single layered) , stratified (multiple) or squamous.
FALSE. The number of layer of the Epithelial cells can be simple, (single) stratified (multiple) or pseudostratified (single layer with varied length)
113
True or False? Epithelium does NOT line the hollow of the body and covers the surface of the body.
FALSE. It DOES line the hollow of the body and covers the surface of the body.
114
Fill in the blank. Epithelium is _____ meaning they have 2 sides (apical and basal surface) and has a fast regeneration rate.
A. polar
B. columnar
A. polar.
115
Mark all that applies. Connective tissues:
A. most common tissue in human body
B. support other tissues
C. bone, cartilage, adipose, loose and dense/ fibrous are apart of CT.
D. another name for epithelial tissue
A. most common tissue in human body
B. support other tissues
C. bone, cartilage, adipose, loose and dense/ fibrous are apart of CT.
116
What are the 3 fibers found in connective tissues and what are their advantages?
A. collagen fibers- strong
B. Elastic fibers-- stretch and rocoil
C. Reticular fibers- intermediate between collagen and elastic (some strong and some stretchy/recoil)
D. none of the above
A. collagen fibers- strong
B. Elastic fibers-- stretch and rocoil
C. Reticular fibers- intermediate between collagen and elastic (some strong and some stretchy)
117
True or False? All connective tissue share a ____ _____, ground substance, ______ and macrophages.
```
A. mesenchymal origin
B. fibroblast
C. apical surface
D. cartilage
E. reticular fiber
```
All connective tissue share a mesenchymal origin, ground substance, fibroblasts and macrophages.
