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mass media > exam 3 > Flashcards

exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Criticism of Children’s Ads

A

people worry about the amount of marketing directed toward children

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2
Q

Criticism of Ads in Schools

A

people worried about the advertisement of unhealthy products in public schools; Channel One

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3
Q

Criticism of portrayal of health in ads

A

has an effect on eating disorders (unrealistic standards for beauty/health); also blamed for american obesity, due to excessive marketing of unhealthy foods/drinks; tobacco, alcohol, and prescription drugs

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4
Q

Criticism of Puffery in Ads

A

ads featuring hyperbole and exaggeration; criticized for being misleading and over-promising things that are not possible

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5
Q

a research approach that attempts to categorize consumers according to their attitudes, beliefs, interests, and motivations.

A

psychographics

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6
Q

advertising appeals

A 
famous people
plain folks pitch
bandwagon effect
hidden-fear principle
association principle
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7
Q

“we’re one of you”

A

plain folks pitch

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8
Q

plays on consumers’ insecurities

A

hidden-fear principle

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9
Q

associate product w positive cultural value/image, even if unrelated

A

association principle

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10
Q

top 4 advertising agencies

A

WPP
Omnicom
Publicis
Interpublic

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11
Q

PR communication that uses various media messages to spread information about a person, corporation, issue, or policy

A

publicity

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12
Q

nephew of Sigmund Freud; first person to apply the findings of psychology and sociology to PR; believed public opinion was malleable and not always rational

A

Edward Bernays

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13
Q

a persuasive message; can be positive or negative

A

propaganda

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14
Q

30-90 second visual press releases designed to mimic the style of a broadcast news report

A

video news releases

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15
Q

any circumstance created for the sole purpose of gaining coverage in the media

A

pseudo-events

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16
Q

the process of attempting to influence lawmakers to support and vote for an organization/industry’s best interests

A

lobbying

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17
Q

information most worthy of transformation into news stories

A

newsworthiness

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18
Q

putting most significant details at the beginning of the story (who, what, when, where, why, how), and later narrowing to less significant details

A

inverted pyramid style

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19
Q

generalized that sever basic “enduring values” have been shared by most American reporters and editors

A

herbert gans

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20
Q

common values herbert gans said reporters share with each other

A

ethnocentrism
responsible capitalism
small-town pastoralism
individualism

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21
Q

judging other countries in comparison to america

A

ethnocentrisim

22
Q

assumption that business people compete for the greater good, rather than for profit

A

responsible capitalism

23
Q

favoring small towns over the large, urban towns

A

small-town pastoralism

24
Q

those who overcome personal adversity are subjects of many enterprising news stories

A

individualism

25
Q

what are the reporting rituals?

A

focusing on the present
relying on experts
balancing story conflict
acting as adversaries

26
Q

forms of unprotected speech

A 
expionage
copyright infringement
libel/slander
obscenity
right to privacy
27
Q

required schools who receive federal funding for Internet access must filter obscene or abusive content for minors

A

child online protection act

28
Q

gave the government more latitude in searching private citizens’ records and intercepting electronic communications without a court order

A

usa patriot act

29
Q

media tells us what to think about but not what to think

A

agenda setting

30
Q

we believe that media messages affect others more than ourselves

A

third person effect

31
Q

media portrayals affect how we see reality

A

cultivation effect

32
Q

we don’t express our opinions if we believe we’re in the minority

A

spiral of silence

33
Q

we use media to satisfy our psychological and physiological needs

A

uses and gratifications

34
Q

media makes us uncomfortable, so we disengage

A

media malaise

35
Q

people seek media that matches w/ their own cultural beliefs and interests

A

selective exposure

36
Q

learning/cognitive

we acquire and learn behavior through media messages

A

social learning/cognitive

37
Q

media figuratively shoot their powerful effects into unsuspecting or weak audiences

A

hypodermic needle model

38
Q

mass media have limited effects on audiences, reinforcing behaviors rather than changing them

A

minimal effects

39
Q

media managers making decisions about what types of messages get produced for particular audiences

A

gatekeeper

40
Q

the socioeconomic disparity between those who do and those who do not have access to digital technology and media, such as the Internet

A

digital divide

41
Q

opinion leaders communicate ideas to followers

A

2-step flow

42
Q

the acceptance of the dominant values in a culture by those who are subordinate to those who hold economic and political power

A

hegemony

43
Q

the creation and maintenance of personal and business relationships especially online

A

social networking

44
Q

the more dependent the individual is on the media, the more important the media will be for the person

A

dependency theory

45
Q

A form of cultural near-sightedness grounded in the belief that ones own culture is appropriate and relevant in all situations and to all people

A

cultural myopia

46
Q

concerned with what the media ought to be doing in society rather than what they actually do

A

normative media theory

47
Q

a portion of one’s self-concept is dependent on the importance and relevance placed on the group membership(s) to which an individual belongs

A

social identity theory

48
Q

investigate how cultural meanings encoded by media texts (programs, spectacles, and so on) are adopted, adapted for specific purposes, and then redistributed throughout the culture.

A

semiotics of media

49
Q

assumes that people’s experiences, knowledge and opinions are shaped by the social groups to which they belong

A

standpoint theory

50
Q

study of media, technology, and communication and how they affect human environments.

A

media ecology

51
Q

media has the ability to transmit needed information. This ability to transmit, depends on whether the information will be used in times of uncertainty or equivocality

A

media richness

52
Q

the degree to which a person is perceived as a ‘real person’ in
mediated communication

A

social presence theory

mass media (3 decks)

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