exam 2

Question 1

invented the phonograph in 1887

he also patented the phonograph in 1878 as a kind of answering machine

Answer 1

Thomas Edison

Question 2

a German engineer who had immigrated to America, developed a better machine that played round, flat disks, or records. He called it the gramophone and patented it in 1887.
Developed technique that enabled him to mass produce his round records, bringing sound recording into its mass medium stage.

Answer 2

Emile Berliner

Question 3

today it is quickly growing in popularity. we are shifting from ownership of music to access of music because of this.
2010s-music on demand

Answer 3

streaming music

Question 4

music that appeals either to a wide cross section of the population of to sizable subdivisions within the larger public based on age, region, or ethnic background

Answer 4

pop music

Question 5

what were the influences of rock and roll

Answer 5

muddled the distinction between high and low culture, masculinity and femininity, the country and the city, the north and the south, and the sacred and the secular

Question 6

the growth of rock and roll

Answer 6

first musical form to simultaneously transform the structure of sound recording and radio
many social, cultural economic, and political factors leading up to the 1950s contributed to growth including black migration, growth of youth culture, and beginnings of racial intergration

Question 7

type of music played by untrained musicians and preserved oral culture

Answer 7

folk music

Question 8

order of popular music

Answer 8

Jazz
Rock n Roll
soul
folk
Punk Rock
Grunge and Alternative
Hip hop
Pop

Question 9

what is the music ownership like

Answer 9

it is an oligopoly, however there is a rise in market share for independent labels

Question 10

what is the music business divided into

Answer 10

making the music
selling the music
dividing all the profits

Question 11

the convergence of internet

Answer 11

Offers greater accessibility; resulted in a leap in viability and market share for indie labels and haved changed the cultural landscape of the music industry

Question 12

patents wireless telegraphy; father of radio

Answer 12

Marconi

Question 13

Invented by Marconi. Got patent in 1896. Introduced point-to-point messaging used on ships. Made idea of radio marketable.

Answer 13

wireless telegraphy

Question 14

what were the radio patent battles about?

Answer 14

who the true father of radio was, it was a fight between MArconi and Alexander Popov who was doing this at the same time in Russia. Marconi ended up winning the title because he patented it first

Question 15

act that required ships to have radio equipment

Answer 15

ship act of 1910

Question 16

did the first voice broadcast

Answer 16

reginald fessenden

Question 17

made to oversee licenses and negotiate channel problems; later became the FCC

Answer 17

federal radio commission

Question 18

radio stations are required to operate in the “public interest, convenience, or necessity”

Answer 18

radio act of 1927

Question 19

1932-radio broadcasts about aliens people thought was true

Answer 19

war of the worlds

Question 20

what were the prime time hours?

Answer 20

in the 1930s: in the evenings

now: drive time (6-9 am; 4-7 pm)

Question 21

term for type of radio stations that target audiences according to their age, incBEome, gender, or race/ethnicity

Answer 21

radio format

Question 22

father of television; high school student who created tv

Answer 22

Philo Farnsworth

Question 23

fcc issued a freeze on licenses from 1948 to 1952 because of the finite number of channels and frequency-interference

Answer 23

tv freeze of 1948

Question 24

1959 - rigged quiz shows resulting in public anger, networks realized they needed more control

Answer 24

quiz show scandal

Question 25

antennae were launched into space to broadcast signals to TVs in rural/hard-to-reach areas

Answer 25

cable channel success

Question 26

began during the VCR era, occurs when viewers record shows and watch them at a later, more convenient time

Answer 26

time switching

Question 27

Smartphones, iPods, iPads, and mobile TV devices

Answer 27

fourth screens

Question 28

popular form of early tv programming that brought live dramatic theater to television; influenced by stage plays, and it brought new teleplays, casts, directors, writers, and sets from week to week

Answer 28

anthology drama

Question 29

a narrative form well suited to tv because the main chars appear every week, sets and locales remain the same, and technical crews stay with the program; features new adventures each week, but a handful of chars emerge w whom viewers can regularly identify

Answer 29

episodic series

Question 30

popularity of reality tv shows

Answer 30

introduce chars that are “like us” and not like celebrities

much less expensive to produce than sitcoms and dramas

Question 31

the sweeping update of telecommunications law that led to a wave of media consolidation

Answer 31

Telecommunications Act of 1996

Question 32

Opened the first nickelodeon in France in 1896

Answer 32

George Melies

Question 33

early movie theaters that showed short movies for 5 cents

Answer 33

nickelodeons

Question 34

an actress known as “America’s Sweetheart”; demanded her face to be on every poster; demanded a lot of money; paved the way for future celebrities

Answer 34

mary pickford

Question 35

studios would make one good movie and a couple bad ones; they would sell them as a package to theaters
illegal now

Answer 35

block booking

Question 36

racist movie that glorifies the KKK

Answer 36

birth of a nation

Question 37

movies with sound

Answer 37

talkies

Question 38

movie/tv convergence

Answer 38

movies being broadcasted on tv