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GEOG 1302 > EXAM 3 > Flashcards

EXAM 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is folk culture?

A

It often has anonymous hearths, originating from anonymous sources, at unknown dates, through unidentified originators

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2
Q

In contrast to folk culture, popular culture is typical of…

A

Large heterogeneous societies

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3
Q

How does popular culture typically spread?

A

Through a process of hierarchical diffusion, diffusing rapidly & extensively from hearths or nodes of innovation with the help of modern communications

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4
Q

How are folk cultures primarily spread?

A

Relocation diffusion

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5
Q

What is popular culture?

A

It is distributed widely across many countries with little regard for physical factors

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6
Q

How is popular culture traced back?

A

It is typically traceable to a specific person or corporation in a particular place

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7
Q

How are folk songs distinguished from popular songs?

A

They may tell a story from events in daily life

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8
Q

What marks the transition of soccer from folk to popular culture?

A

Soccer clubs to provide factory workers with recreation during leisure hours

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9
Q

What are folk culture clothing preferences traditionally related to?

A

Agricultural practices & climatic conditions

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10
Q

What is typical of housing in popular cultures?

A

Houses are usually mass-produced by construction companies

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11
Q

What is the most important mechanism by which popular culture rapidly diffuses across the Earth?

A

TV

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12
Q

In Amish traditions, what are sons given when they are adults?

A

A farm

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13
Q

What does golf serve as a good example for?

A

Imposing popular culture on the environment

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14
Q

What is the world’s most widely spoken language family?

A

Indo-European

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15
Q

What did Marija Gimbutas argue that the first Proto-Indo-European speakers were?

A

That they were Kurgans

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16
Q

What did Colin Renfrew argue about Indo-European languages?

A

That they diffused into Europe and South Asia along with agricultural practices

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17
Q

What are the major differences between the Nomadic Warrior & Sedentary Farmer theories in explaining the origins & diffusion of Indo-European Languages?

A

The Nomadic Warrior Theory suggests that Kurgans spread Indo-European Languages through war while the Sedentary Farmer Theory describes a more peaceful spread of Indo-European Languages by way of agricultural practices

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18
Q

What is dialect?

A

A regional variation of a language distinguished by distinctive vocabulary, spelling, & pronunciation

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19
Q

Why do the majority of the people in Quebec speak French?

A

It was colonized by the French in the 17th century

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20
Q

What contributes to the cultural tensions within Nigeria?

A

3 major languages

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21
Q

What conditions exist in Switzerland that allows the peaceful coexistence of the 4 official languages?

A

Switzerland created a government that places considerable power in small communities

22
Q

Why did Israel choose to revive Hebrew when Israel was established as an independent country in 1948?

A

No other language could so symbolically unify the disparate cultural groups in the new country

23
Q

Why did the Angles & the Normans contribute to the development of the English language?

A

Because they invaded England

24
Q

What is a lingua franca?

A

A language that is mutually understood and commonly used to communicate by people who have different native languages

25
Q

Where are Austronesian languages spoken?

A

Indonesia

26
Q

What culture region is Latin America?

A

Christian

27
Q

Where is the Hindu culture region?

A

India

28
Q

What is an ethnic region?

A

It is appealing primarily to 1 group of people living in 1 place

29
Q

What is the world’s largest universalizing religion?

A

Christianity

30
Q

What is the world’s largest ethnic religion?

A

Hinduism

31
Q

Where are muslims clustered?

A

Southwest Asia and North Africa

32
Q

Buddhism has 500 million adherents in which part of the world?

A

East and Southeast Asia

33
Q

Which religion comprises 86% of the population of the Western Hemisphere?

A

Christianity

34
Q

What is Islam?

A

It has more adherents in Indonesia than any other country

35
Q

As a result of missionary activity, which country claims the longest continuous tradition of practicing Buddhism?

A

Sri Lanka

36
Q

How did Christianity diffuse?

A

Hierarchically

37
Q

What are african traditional religions sometimes called?

A

Animism

38
Q

Why does Jerusalem’s geography represent a particularly difficult religious conflict to resolve?

A

Most sacred space in Jerusalem for Muslims was built on top of the most sacred space for Jews

39
Q

What does comparing ethnicity & race reveal?

A

Ethnicity is part of a person’s cultural identity but race is not

40
Q

What is race?

A

Self-identification with a group sharing similar cultures & biology

41
Q

What are some differences between ethnicity & race?

A

Ethnicity is identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth while the definition of race involves genetically transmitted traits

42
Q

Where do most Asian Americans live in the U.S.?

A

California

43
Q

How is ethnic identity for descendants of European immigrants primarily preserved ?

A

Religion and food

44
Q

What did the Plessy v. Ferguson court decision result in?

A

The “separate but equal” doctrine of racial equality and “Jim Crow” laws across the American South

45
Q

What was apartheid?

A

The geographic separation of races in South Africa

46
Q

What did the Brown v. Board of Education court decision rule?

A

Separate schools for blacks & whites were unconstitutional

47
Q

What is nationalism?

A

Loyalty & devotion to a nationality

48
Q

Where is Asia’s most extreme example of ethnic cleansing & genocide in recent years?

A

Myanmar

49
Q

Who is the most numerous ethnicity in Western Asia without a country that they control?

A

Kurds

50
Q

What is ethnic cleansing?

A

The process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogenous region

GEOG 1302 (5 decks)

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