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Exercise Physiology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

When transitioning from rest to light exercise, which breathing variable increases first?

A

Tidal volume

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2
Q

Draymond Green is about to start running a marathon race. Before the marathon even starts, Draymond’s minute ventilation (VE) and heart rate (HR) increase in anticipation of the upcoming race. This is called a __________.

A

Feedforward mechanism

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3
Q

Blake Griffin likes to hold his breath while doing maximal bench press exercise because he feels that it helps him lift more weight. This breath-holding technique is called

A

Valsalva

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4
Q

True or false. Tom Brady is not an elite endurance athlete, and he does not have pulmonary disease. Therefore, the lungs are likely not the limiting factor in his endurance exercise performance.

A

True

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5
Q

Which group is least likely to have their lungs limit exercise performance?

A

Average, healthy individuals

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6
Q

True or false. During high-intensity exercise, expiration is a passive process.

A

False

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7
Q

What has a higher gas exchange constant (i.e., diffuses more readily across respiratory membrane)?

A

Carbon dioxide

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8
Q

Increased acidity and temperature cause a right-shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve, which does what?

A

Favors unloading of oxygen from hemoglobin at muscles

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9
Q

What happens to the (a-v)O2 difference during high-intensity exercise, compared to rest?

A

(a-v)O2 difference increases due to maintenance of arterial O2 and a decrease in venous O2.

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10
Q

True or false. A person beginning an running training program is likely to see an increase in lung volumes following 6 months of training.

A

False

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11
Q

True or false. Increased CO2 in the blood provides a stronger stimulus to increase breathing than low O2 in the blood.

A

True

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12
Q

Rapid, shallow breathing during exercise that results in a lack of O2 getting to the alveoli is called what?

A

Dyspnea

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13
Q

What respiratory variable can increase following an aerobic exercise training program?

A

VEmax

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14
Q

Chemoreceptors in the brain and major arteries leading away from the heart are most sensitive to _____ levels in the blood.

A

CO2

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15
Q

John is a 46 year-old male with a VO2max of 48 ml/kg/min and Jane is a 31 year-old female with a VO2max of 33 ml/kg/min. Who will have a higher age-predicted maximal heart rate?

A

Jane

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16
Q

Fred and Barney are the same age, but Fred has a resting heart rate of 52 and Barney has a resting heart rate of 81. Who would likely have a higher fitness level?

A

Fred

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17
Q

Heart rate is usually ________ when lying down compared to when standing.

A

Higher

18
Q

True or false. In healthy but inactive individuals, heart rate and aerobic exercise intensity have a direct, linear relationship until close to maximal effort.

A

True

19
Q

True or false. In elite endurance athletes, stroke volume plateaus at around 50% of VO2max.

A

False

20
Q

If Frodo Baggins is walking at a constant intensity (e.g., 3 mph) for 2 hours, what will his systolic blood pressure be at 10 minutes compared to at 110 minutes?

A

Higher at 10 minutes than 110 minutes

21
Q

What is the relationship between the intensity of aerobic exercise and diastolic blood pressure?

A

No relationship

22
Q

What are the blood pressure responses to resistance training?

A

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure both increase during each set in resistance training and decrease in the rest interval between sets

23
Q

True or false. The percentage of blood going to the brain is lower during exercise compared to at rest, but the total amount of blood either stays the same or increases during exercise compared to at rest.

A

True

24
Q

True or false. Plasma volume (the liquid portion of the blood) increases acutely during aerobic exercise.

A

False

25
Q

Which kind of training would elicit the largest change in the internal size of the left ventricle (abbreviated as LVID)?

A

Aerobic

26
Q

Aaron Judge begins an aerobic training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his maximal heart rate (HRmax) compared to pre-training?

A

Little change or slight decrease

27
Q

Aaron Judge begins an aerobic training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his maximal stroke volume (SV) compared to pre-training?

A

Substantial increase

28
Q

Aaron Judge begins an aerobic training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his maximal cardiac output (Q) compared to pre-training?

A

Substantial increase

29
Q

Aaron Judge begins an aerobic training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his blood pressure during maximal exercise, compared to pre-training?

A

Increased systolic BP, decreased diastolic BP

30
Q

Aaron Judge begins an aerobic training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his blood volume, compared to pre-training?

A

Increased

31
Q

Aaron Judge begins an aerobic training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his plasma volum, compared to pre-training?

A

Increased

32
Q

True or false. During high-intensity aerobic exercise, there is usually a reduction in the amount of blood (in L/min) which goes to the brain.

A

False

33
Q

Tom Crean begins a resistance training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his maximal stroke volume, compared to pre-training?

A

Little/no change

34
Q

Tom Izzo begins a resistance training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his red blood cell numbers, compared to pre-training?

A

Little/no change

35
Q

Conan and Brian both have the same resting heart rate, 44 beats/min. Conan runs regularly but Brian hasn’t exercised in 22 years. Which individual’s heart rate would be considered normal?

A

Conan

36
Q

Which blood vessel type plays the largest role in redistributing blood to the muscles and skin during exercise?

A

Arterioles

37
Q

At rest, which component of blood pressure is a larger determinant of mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

A

Diastolic BP

38
Q

What has the largest role in determining blood flow through a blood vessel in the body?

A

Radius of the blood vessel

39
Q

Blood vessels feeding active muscles vasodilate during exercise due to what?

A

Intrinsic factors

40
Q

With a higher end diastolic volume, the force of contraction of the heart is increased, resulting in a higher stroke volume. What is this called?

A

Frank-Starling mechanism

Exercise Physiology (3 decks)

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