Exam 3

Question 1

When transitioning from rest to light exercise, which breathing variable increases first?

Answer 1

Tidal volume

Question 2

Draymond Green is about to start running a marathon race. Before the marathon even starts, Draymond’s minute ventilation (VE) and heart rate (HR) increase in anticipation of the upcoming race. This is called a __________.

Answer 2

Feedforward mechanism

Question 3

Blake Griffin likes to hold his breath while doing maximal bench press exercise because he feels that it helps him lift more weight. This breath-holding technique is called

Answer 3

Valsalva

Question 4

True or false. Tom Brady is not an elite endurance athlete, and he does not have pulmonary disease. Therefore, the lungs are likely not the limiting factor in his endurance exercise performance.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Which group is least likely to have their lungs limit exercise performance?

Answer 5

Average, healthy individuals

Question 6

True or false. During high-intensity exercise, expiration is a passive process.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

What has a higher gas exchange constant (i.e., diffuses more readily across respiratory membrane)?

Answer 7

Carbon dioxide

Question 8

Increased acidity and temperature cause a right-shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve, which does what?

Answer 8

Favors unloading of oxygen from hemoglobin at muscles

Question 9

What happens to the (a-v)O2 difference during high-intensity exercise, compared to rest?

Answer 9

(a-v)O2 difference increases due to maintenance of arterial O2 and a decrease in venous O2.

Question 10

True or false. A person beginning an running training program is likely to see an increase in lung volumes following 6 months of training.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

True or false. Increased CO2 in the blood provides a stronger stimulus to increase breathing than low O2 in the blood.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Rapid, shallow breathing during exercise that results in a lack of O2 getting to the alveoli is called what?

Answer 12

Dyspnea

Question 13

What respiratory variable can increase following an aerobic exercise training program?

Answer 13

VEmax

Question 14

Chemoreceptors in the brain and major arteries leading away from the heart are most sensitive to _____ levels in the blood.

Answer 14

CO2

Question 15

John is a 46 year-old male with a VO2max of 48 ml/kg/min and Jane is a 31 year-old female with a VO2max of 33 ml/kg/min. Who will have a higher age-predicted maximal heart rate?

Answer 15

Jane

Question 16

Fred and Barney are the same age, but Fred has a resting heart rate of 52 and Barney has a resting heart rate of 81. Who would likely have a higher fitness level?

Answer 16

Fred

Question 17

Heart rate is usually ________ when lying down compared to when standing.

Answer 17

Higher

Question 18

True or false. In healthy but inactive individuals, heart rate and aerobic exercise intensity have a direct, linear relationship until close to maximal effort.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

True or false. In elite endurance athletes, stroke volume plateaus at around 50% of VO2max.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

If Frodo Baggins is walking at a constant intensity (e.g., 3 mph) for 2 hours, what will his systolic blood pressure be at 10 minutes compared to at 110 minutes?

Answer 20

Higher at 10 minutes than 110 minutes

Question 21

What is the relationship between the intensity of aerobic exercise and diastolic blood pressure?

Answer 21

No relationship

Question 22

What are the blood pressure responses to resistance training?

Answer 22

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure both increase during each set in resistance training and decrease in the rest interval between sets

Question 23

True or false. The percentage of blood going to the brain is lower during exercise compared to at rest, but the total amount of blood either stays the same or increases during exercise compared to at rest.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

True or false. Plasma volume (the liquid portion of the blood) increases acutely during aerobic exercise.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Which kind of training would elicit the largest change in the internal size of the left ventricle (abbreviated as LVID)?

Answer 25

Aerobic

Question 26

Aaron Judge begins an aerobic training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his maximal heart rate (HRmax) compared to pre-training?

Answer 26

Little change or slight decrease

Question 27

Aaron Judge begins an aerobic training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his maximal stroke volume (SV) compared to pre-training?

Answer 27

Substantial increase

Question 28

Aaron Judge begins an aerobic training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his maximal cardiac output (Q) compared to pre-training?

Answer 28

Substantial increase

Question 29

Aaron Judge begins an aerobic training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his blood pressure during maximal exercise, compared to pre-training?

Answer 29

Increased systolic BP, decreased diastolic BP

Question 30

Aaron Judge begins an aerobic training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his blood volume, compared to pre-training?

Answer 30

Increased

Question 31

Aaron Judge begins an aerobic training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his plasma volum, compared to pre-training?

Answer 31

Increased

Question 32

True or false. During high-intensity aerobic exercise, there is usually a reduction in the amount of blood (in L/min) which goes to the brain.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

Tom Crean begins a resistance training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his maximal stroke volume, compared to pre-training?

Answer 33

Little/no change

Question 34

Tom Izzo begins a resistance training program. 6 months after starting the program, what change would you expect to see with his red blood cell numbers, compared to pre-training?

Answer 34

Little/no change

Question 35

Conan and Brian both have the same resting heart rate, 44 beats/min. Conan runs regularly but Brian hasn't exercised in 22 years. Which individual's heart rate would be considered normal?

Answer 35

Conan

Question 36

Which blood vessel type plays the largest role in redistributing blood to the muscles and skin during exercise?

Answer 36

Arterioles

Question 37

At rest, which component of blood pressure is a larger determinant of mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

Answer 37

Diastolic BP

Question 38

What has the largest role in determining blood flow through a blood vessel in the body?

Answer 38

Radius of the blood vessel

Question 39

Blood vessels feeding active muscles vasodilate during exercise due to what?

Answer 39

Intrinsic factors

Question 40

With a higher end diastolic volume, the force of contraction of the heart is increased, resulting in a higher stroke volume. What is this called?

Answer 40

Frank-Starling mechanism