Exam 1

Question 1

Our bodies use which macronutrient the least for resynthesizing ATP?

Answer 1

Protein

Question 2

_____________ is the only macronutrient that always undergoes glycolysis for resynthesizing ATP.

Answer 2

Carbohydrates

Question 3

Which energy system can resynthesize ATP the fastest?

Answer 3

ATP-PCr

Question 4

Which energy system can resynthesize the greatest number of ATP?

Answer 4

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 5

How many ATP are resynthesized with each use of the ATP-PCr energy system?

Answer 5

One

Question 6

Glycolysis produces the coenzyme _______, which can later be used to resynthesize ATP if oxygen is present.

Answer 6

NADH + H+

Question 7

In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis produces two molecules of __________.

Answer 7

Acetyl CoA

Question 8

The ATP-PCr energy system can fuel maximal-intensity activity for up to roughly ___________.

Answer 8

15 seconds

Question 9

Which enzyme breaks down ATP to ADP when energy is needed to fuel an activity?

Answer 9

ATPase

Question 10

Which of these yields more net ATP from glycolysis?

Answer 10

Glycogen

Question 11

Glycolysis takes place in the________ of a cell.

Answer 11

Cytosol

Question 12

How many ATP are produced via “substrate-level phosphorylation” during the Krebs cycle for each acetyl CoA?

Answer 12

One

Question 13

The phase “Fat burns in a carbohydrate flame” discussed in your book means ______________.

Answer 13

Fat cannot be used effectively for energy without some carbohydrate available for energy

Question 14

Most of the potential energy derived from the Krebs cycle is in the form of _________.

Answer 14

NADH + H+

Question 15

True or false. In the Krebs cycle, steps facilitated by a dehydrogenase enzyme will involve the reduction of either an NAD+ or FAD.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

The rate-limiting enzyme in the Krebs cycle is ___________.

Answer 16

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

Question 17

In the electron transport chain, ________ is the final acceptor of electrons and H+.

Answer 17

Oxygen

Question 18

Most of the energy available in a molecule of glucose is ________________ during glycolysis.

Answer 18

Released as heat

Question 19

True or false. Oxidation of a single, 12-carbon fatty acid will resynthesize more ATP than oxidation of a single glucose molecule.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

True or false. FADH2 enters the electron transport chain at a later stage than NADH + H+.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Tom and Brady are jogging together at 6 mph. Tom’s RER is 0.95 and Brady’s RER is 0.73. Who is using more fat to supply energy for the task?

Answer 21

Brady

Question 22

Tom and Brady are jogging together at 6 mph. Tom’s RER is 0.95 and Brady’s RER is 0.73. Based on this information, who is likely to have a higher VO2max?

Answer 22

Brady

Question 23

Doubly labeled water provides highly accurate energy expenditure assessment for what scenario?

Answer 23

Total energy expenditure over a period of several days or weeks

Question 24

At exercise above a the lactate threshold, VO2 never quite plateaus but slowly increases during exercise. This phenomenon is called _____________.

Answer 24

Slow component of VO2

Question 25

What contributes most to EPOC experienced following exercise?

Answer 25

Intensity of exercise

Question 26

True or false. With aerobic training, lactate threshold shifts to the right, which allows individuals to train at higher intensities without fatigue.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Roxie and Velma are walking together at 3.5 mph. Roxie's VO2 is 14 ml/kg/min, and Velma's VO2 is 19 ml/kg/min. Who is the more economical runner?

Answer 27

Roxie

Question 28

For most individuals, the majority of energy used by our bodies is for __________.

Answer 28

Resting metabolic rate

Question 29

True or false. When an individual's RER is 1.0 during exercise, it is safe to assume that the amount of air inspired (VI) is equal to the amount of air expired (VE).

Answer 29

False

Question 30

John and Glenn are cycling together at 15 mph. John is using primarily type I muscle fibers, and Glenn is using primarily type II muscle fibers. Who will be more economical during this cycling activity?

Answer 30

John