Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Applied Physiology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

eccentric hypertrophy:

A

volume loading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

concentric hypertrophy

A

pressure loading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

triggers for vasodilation in the heart:

A
  • vasodilators released from cardiac cells with low O2

- NO released from coronary vessels from shear stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how much O2 is extracted from arterial blood at normal resting HR?

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

potent vasodilators:

A
  • adenosine
  • CO2
  • NO
  • H+
  • K+
  • prostaglandins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

epicardial vessels have more _____ receptors:

A

alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

intramuscular arteries have more ____ receptors

A

Beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

parasympathetic effect on coronary blood flow:

A

neurotransmitter: ACh
action: vasodilates coronary arteries
indirect effect:
-decrease HR, metabolic demand
-vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

sympathetic effect on coronary blood flow:

A

neurotransmitter: NE
action: vasocontriction (alpha receptors)
indirect effect:
-increase HR, myocardial contractility, metabolic demand
-vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

effect of epinephrine on coronary blood flow:

A

vasodilation (beta receptors)

-actions same as NE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

a-VO2

A
  • indicates oxygen uptake into the tissue

- bigger the difference the more oxygen that was extracted from the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

HR max:

A
  • responsiveness of heart to adrenergic stimulation
  • no difference between the sexes
  • no change with training
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why does SV plateau between 50%-70% of VO2 max?

A

-decreased filling time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

SVmax increases with training because:

A
  • blood volume increases with aerobic training from kidney regulation
  • more blood creates greater EDV
  • increased EDV then greater contraction of heart
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

difference in gender for stroke volume?

A

SV in men greater than SV in women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

increased sympathetic stimulation of alpha-receptors cause:

A

vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

venous content for a-vO2 diff determined by:

A
  • capillarity
  • # open capillaries
  • myoglobin
  • mitochondrial density
  • mitochondrial enzymes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

byproducts that would cause vasodilation are:

A

adenosine
CO2
low O2 level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

relationship between BP and local blood flow/cardiac output?

A

the need to maintain BP determines the local blood flow and cardiac output

20
Q

ohm’s law:

A

difference in pressure over resistance in the vessel

21
Q

resistance of entire circulatory system is called:

A

total peripheral resistance

22
Q

short term regulation of mean arterial pressure is primarily:

A

under neural control

23
Q

the integration center of short term BP control:

A

medulla

24
Q

effectors of short term BP control

A

organs

blood vessels

25
Q

controllers of short term BP control:

A
  • the autonomic nervous system
  • mostly sympathetic
  • is what connects integration center to organs
26
Q

location of cardiopulmonary baroreceptors:

A
  • large veins
  • pulmonary vessels
  • atria
  • ventricles
27
Q

function of cardiopulmonary baroreceptors:

A
  • sense a decrease in pressure secondary to decrease in blood volume
  • on beat by beat basis
28
Q

arterial baroreceptors have what type of feedback?

A

negative feedback loop

29
Q

cardiopulmonary baroreceptors have what type of feedback?

A

feedforward

30
Q

glomerular filtration rate is dependent on:

A

renal blood flow

31
Q

pressure diuresis

A

-increased body fluid, increases arterial pressure, increases water excretion

32
Q

pressure natriuresis

A

increased arterial pressure increases sodium excretion

33
Q

stimuli for ADH secretion:

A
  • increased osmolarity
  • decreased blood volume
  • decreased blood pressure
  • nasea
  • hypoxia
34
Q

renin response to fall in pressure

A

-renin released from JG cells into afferent arteriole

35
Q

epinephrine increases CO by:

A
  • increasing HR (B1)

- increasing SV (B1)

36
Q

epinephrine’s effect on TPR:

A
  • alpha adrenergic: vasoconstriction

- B2 adrenergic: vasodilation

37
Q

SNS activity is increased by a ____ in arterial baroreceptor firing frequency

A

decrease

38
Q

rate pressure product=

A

HR x SBP

-reflects myocardial work and myocardial demand for O2

39
Q

Fick’s equation:

A

rate of diffusion of O2 and CO2 is dependent on:

  • pressure gradient
  • wall thickness
40
Q

what largely determines the oxygen carrying capacity of blood?

A

hemoglobin

41
Q

what favors oxygen unloading in muscle:

A

increased H+ (acidity) and temperature of a muscle

42
Q

factors effecting oxygen uptake and delivery:

A
  1. oxygen content of blood
  2. amount of blood flow to the muscles (capilary density)
  3. local conditions within th emuscle (mitochondria density, myoglobin, pH, temp, etc)
43
Q

MVO2

A

-myocardial oxygen demand

44
Q

MVO2 effected by:

A
  • HR

- SBP (resistance the heart is pumping against)

45
Q

afterload:

A
  • determined by what arteries are vasodilated and vasoconstricted
  • the pressure in the aorta
  • viscosity plays minimal role compared to diameter of vessel
46
Q

preload:

A

pressure that blood exerts on heart in diastole

Applied Physiology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions