Exam 3 Flashcards
Levirate
forced marriage of a widow to the brother of her deceased husband
Sorority
a husband engages in marriage or sexual relations with the sister of his wife, usually after the death of his wife or if his wife has proven infertile
most common unilinear system
Iroquois
Hawaiin
All cousins are siblings and aunts/uncles are mom and dad
Endogamy
Marriage within a particular group or category of individuals
Dry lands
18% land space, 4% world’s population
arid regions/deserts on west coasts
Tropical Forest Lands
1% land, 4% population
Mid-latitude mixed forest lands
7% land, 43% population
mid-latitude regions on west coasts
Mid-latitude mixed forest lands
7% land, 43% population
What has the largest portion of the world’s population?
Mid-latitude mixed forest lands
Grasslands
19% land, 6% population
lands between forests and deserts
Boreal Forest lands
10% land, 1% population
northern hemisphere north of mixed forest lands and grasslands
Polar Lands
16% land, handful population
Mountain Lands
12% land, 12% population
Clan
extended unilinear kinship group whose members have a common descent from a remote ancestor
Phratry
Unilineal descent group composed of at least two clans that supposedly share a common ancestor
What did Margaret Mead do?
examined the relationship of culture to sex roles
Mead concluded what?
that sex roles are culturally produced
What did Ruth Benedict do?
Identified ideal personality types which link individuals and culture
What did the Six Cultures Project examine?
child-rearing patterns in 6 diverse cultures
Kenya
fear/physical punishment
Okinawa
praise to obtain desired behavior
Philippines
mothers warm and indulgent
India
mothers rarely cuddle or kiss children
Malinowski and Freud
Oedipus conflict not supported among Trobriand Islanders
Tension between son and mother’s bride
Mead’s Coming of Age in Samoa
Free love is condoned with an absence of adolescent…
Ruth Benedict and Jane Murphy
Benedict’s psychiatric relativism
Murphy’s “Psychiatric Labeling in Cross-Cultural Perspective
Walter Goldschmidt
selected 4 groups: Kamba, Hehe, Sebei, Pokot
Goldschmidt’s conclusions
economic pursuits influence the values and dimensions of human personality
George Foster
Image of Limited Good
Image of Limited Good
common perception of world
peasant’s view world as finite with limited resources
Hunting and gathering:
group marriage
Horticultural
polyandry
Pastoral
polygyny
Agricultural
monogamy
Endogamy
descent theory
Exogamy
alliance theory
who uses the dowry system
Europe and Asia
who uses bride price
Middle East ad Africa
kin term example
uncle
kin type example
mother’s brother
what has no irrigation
horticulture
the tribes of Israel are what group
phratries
what cover most of earth’s surface
grasslands
