Exam 3 Flashcards
Life cycle of Diptera
ELPA
Life cycle of fleas
ELPA
Life cycle of lice
ENNNA
Life cycle of bed bugs
ENNNNNA
Identify fly
Stomoxys calcitrans Stable fly
sticky hairs on pads of legs of what fly
musca domestica
fleshy mouthparts for flushing indicative of what fly
Musca domestica
house fly
Name the fly
Musca autumnalis
face fly
This fly has Mouthparts rigid, conspicuous and forward projecting • Sits on walls head up
Stomoxys calcitrans - Stable fly
The smallest of bloodsucking muscids • distinguish from stable fly being ½ size and shorter proboscis
Haematobia irritans
Horn fly
These flies are called ____ and what are they doing what action in this photo?
Haematobia irritans
Feeding
Identify the fly
Culicoides spp.
Biting midges / no see ums
Identify the fly
Culicoides spp.
Identify the fly
Tabanus spp.
horse fly
Their mouthparts are for ___ and ____
Slashing and sponging
Name the fly
Chrysops spp.
deer fly
Differentiate Chrysops spp. from Tabanus spp . by the length of the ____
antenae
True or false these are Phthiraptera?
False
wingless diptera
Name the insect
Melophagus ovinus
This is an adult and larval ____
Cuterebra spp.
True or false this pupa Cuterebra spp. was pulled out of a cats neck?
False
larval Cuterebra spp.
This cat comes in to the clinic and presents as such… you yell ewwwwwww ___
Cuterebra spp.
Name the insect
Hypoderma spp.
Warble fly
Name the insect
Hypoderma spp.
warble fly instar
This damage from Hypoderma spp. was taken from what host species?
cattle
Name the insect
Oestrus ovis
Sheep nasal bot
Nasal bot was most likely taken from what host species’ nose
sheep/goat/llama
poss human
Name insect
Oestrus ovis
You expect an animal with this insect to display what clinical signs?
copius nasal discharge, loss of BCS, irritation of nasal mucosal lining from bot hooks and secretions, bacterial infxn common,
This abherrant migration to the brain is indicative of what insect
Oestrus ovis
Name the insect
Gasterophilus spp.
You will find these insects (generally where and in what species)
“Gastero” “philus” spp.
“Stomach” of “fillies”
Stomach of horses
Label the 2 columns
G. intestinalis (left) G. nasalis (right)
These are examples of the life cycle of whuch insect?
Cochliomyia hominivorax
screw worm
Which insect is known to have Adult females that mate only once in entire life.
Cochliomyia hominivorax
screw worm
This animal has died due to infestation of ___
Cochliomyia hominivorax
True or false this cow’s infestation should be reported?
Yes report
This sheep is suffering from a condition commonly known as ____
“blowfly strike”
Maggot’s from this wound chose it because the wounds were clean or dirty?
clean
Releasing sterile males acts to inhibit what insect and the presence of maggots in the flesh also known as ____
Cochliomyia hominivorax
myiasis
This key deer was killed primarily by ___
killed by primary screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax
These insects are ____ and prefer clean or dirty wounds?
Sarcophagidae
flesh flies prefer dirty wounds
Identify louse
Trichodectes canis
Ichnocrea (chewing louse)
This louse is a vector for d. caninum
Trichodectes canis
True or false this Trichodectes canis do not require the host for its entire life cycle
flase it does rewuire the host
A dog comes in with the following clinical signs Pruritus. scratch, cause loss of hair. Restless and scratch continuously. The owner has small children what is the insect and are there any other concerns besides treatment?
Trichodectes canis
zoonotic for kids
A cat comes into the clinic with this type of coat what do you suspect?
Felicola subrostratus
cat biting louse
The pointed face and short legs are indicative of what Ichnocera?
Felicola subrostratus
Identify the Ichnocera
Damalinia bovis
cattle biting louse
The site of infestation and the resulting pruritis are seen on what animal and what parts of the animal
Cattle
Site of infestation: • head, poll, neck, shoulders, rump, tail switch
The numbers of these Ichnocera ______ increase during what season and why?
Damalinia bovis cattle biting louse
increase in number in WINTER because of close contact indoor housing and decrease in summer because sunlight and high temperatures kill them
This Ichnocera is the most pathogenic of all sheep lice and attract blowflies.
Damalinia ovis
Identify this louse
Ichnocera : Avian lice
common: wing louse, fluff louse
Name the hosts of Avian lice
Domestic and wild fowl
What is the pathogenisis of these Avian lice
Lice digest keratin, bite feathers •
Effects of pediculosis similar among host species •
Sleeplessness, inappetence, scratching, feather plucking •
Secondary effects may be more serious than the immediate damage of lice
These are examples of ___
Avian lice
This is a general _____ type of Anoplura (sucking louse)
Linognathus spp.
This is a slow moving louse, Claspers for hair shafts, and it has a narrower head in respect to its thorax. Name the louse and the species it infests
Linognathus setosus
Dog sucking louse
Linognathus setosus infests waht location on the dog?
skin
If you have a cow with dense clusters of anopluran lice in the DEWLAP, head or neck region you suspect _____(common name)
long nose cattle louse
(Linognathus vituli)
Linognathus pedalis infests ________ regions of sheep and goats
FEET, lower hindlimb, scrotum, belly
Linognathus ovillus infest the _____ regions of sheep and goats
FACE, ear cheek, neck
Anoplura cause ____
anemia
This louse is BLUE and is found on the neck, head, back, tail, shoulders and dewlap of cattle. Name it
Solenopotes capillatus
Little blue cattle louse
Name the anopluran louse
Haematopinus spp.
short nosed cattle louse
You would expect to find this critter on cattle in dense isolated clusters. What location and name the insect
Haematopinus eurysternus
found on head, ears, eyes, nostrils
A cow presents with serious anemia weight loss and you find a large crab like critter in clusters in his nostril. What is your diagnosis
Haematopinus eurysternus
short nose cattle louse
Name the anopluran found on pigs
Haematopinus suis
True or false
You expect the pig from which this sample was taken to be itchy, restless adn anemic.
False anemia is rare
These are general examples of what family of louse
Anopluran (sucking louse)
The arrow is pointing to which life cycle stage of Haematopinus suis?
Egg/ nit
The arrow is pointing to nits of what anopluran? (Sample from a pig hide)
Haematopinus suis
This is what stage of the Ctenocephalides felis cycle
larval
Name the flea that has this as its larval stage
Ctenocephalides felis
The arrow is pointing to the ___ of Ctenocephalides felis
eggs
The packets of bubbly looking things are what stage of the Ctenocephalides felis life cycle
pupae
The worm-like looking critters represent the ____ stage of the Ctenocephalides felis life cycle
larval
True or false
All stages including this adult Ctenocephalides are found on the host.
False
Only adults on the host
This picture is a classic example of ____
Echidnophaga
(blunt head)
Ctenocephalides felis are found on what host(s)
dogs and cats
If you find this on a dog or cat what do you need to treat
the animal and the environment
This is a classic example of _____ and it is caused by what stage in the flea life cycle
FAD
Flea Allergic Dermatitis
caused by adult flea
Common name of Ctenocephalides canis
common dog flea
A chicken comes in looking like this and presents with the following clinical signs • Irritation, blood loss, anemia. This flea microscopically has a distinctive blunt head.
Echidnophaga spp.
The Sticktight flea infests whats hosts
domestic and wild fowl
Name the insect
cimex
What is the common name of these little nasty buggers
bed bugs
These are terribly hard to kill because of this lengthy life cycle and the fact that they can go 5 months without a blood meal
cimex (bed bugs)
These nasty critters hide by day and feed by night on humans, bats, and birds
cimex
bed bugs
In increased numbers cimex can lead to _____ in host
bloodloss due to their bloodmeals
This human is suffering from an allergic reaction to
cimex
bed bugs
A client comes in complaining that their dog gave them fleas. You inspect the dog and find nothing, but the owner has these bites on their feet. You suggest they check for what insect?
Nasty cimex
bed bugs
Adult/ nymph arachnids have ___ pairs of legs
Larval arachnids have __ pairs of legs
4 pairs
3 pairs
What gender is this Dermacentor spp.(Rocky mountain wood tick)
male
This is a female _____
Dermacentor spp. (rocky mountain wood tick)
Ixodid (hard tick) life cycle
ELNA
Name the tick
Ixodes
deer tick
no festoons, long palps, inornate scutum. Anal groove forms an arch anterior to anus. Name the tick
Ixodes
deer tick
Ixodes require a __ host life cycle and infect all mammals/ birds
3
You find these ticks on skin. All over the body; especially axilla, inguinal region, face and ears
ixodes
deer tick
This tick is known to pass Lyme dz (borrelia burdoeferi), anaplasmosis, B. microti (babesiosis), and cause tick paralysis
ixodes
deer tick
True or false
Dermacentor spp. Larvae and nymphs feed on large hosts, dogs, and humans and the adults do not feed.
False
Larvae and nymphs feed on small rodents. Adults feed on dogs, large hosts, humans Most common tick on dogs in most of North America
This hard tick is identifiable by its rectangular basis capituli, short palps, ornate scutum, festoons. Name the tick
Dermacentor spp.
Rocky Mountain Wood tick
American dog tick
The female (left) and male (right) Dermacentor spp. can transmit ___, ___, ____, and _____
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Tularemia
tick paralysis
cytauzoonosis
Dermacentor spp. requires a ___ host life cycle
3
This tick requires 3 hosts, is accustumed to living indoors, and infests dogs and humans
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Rhipicephalus sanguineus can possibly transmit ____, but is confirmed to transmit ____, ____, and ______
Possibly tick paralysis
Definitely Babesia canis, Ehrlichia canis, and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever(RMSF)
You would expect to find this adult female Rhipicephalus sanguineus on what part fo the dog? Whereas, the resulting nymphs from those egs would prefer to be one the dog’s ___ and ___.
Adult: btwn toes
Nymph: ears and neck
These are probably _____ stage of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus
nymph
The adult version of this Rhipicephalus sanguineus nymph will have a _____ capituli, ____ palps, and a _______ scutum
hexagonal capituli
short palps
non onate scutum
Know this shit!
What is false of this tick?
A) Named Rhipicephalus (Boophilus)
B) Infests cattle and large animals
C) Transmits tick paralysis
D) Commonly known as lone start tick
E) Reportable
F) 3 host tick
C/D/F
Does not transmit tick paralysis and is commonly known as the blue tick, cattle fever tick and is a 1 host tick
All others true
Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) transmits ____ and ____. Which is why its reportable and requires quarentine.
bovine piroplasmosis (B. bigemina) and gallsickness (Anaplasma marginale)
The long star tick has very painful bites because of what structure the arrow is pointing to?
long palps
This tick infests humans, livestock, dogs, and cats and requires a 3 host life cycle.
Amblyomma spp.
This tick is commonly confused with the Amblyomma spp. (lone star tick , gulf coast tick, bont tick), but unlike the Amblyomma spp. this tick can transmit tick paralysis and has short palps.
Dermacentor spp
What can these ticks transmit? (Also identify tick)
Amblyomma spp.
transmit cytauxzoonosis (from innoculation by tick) and hepatazoon (from eating tick)
Name the tick
Amblyomma spp. (maculatum)
The Caribbean is working very hard to prevent the ticks seen in this photo
Amblyomma spp.
Name the ticks starting from the top and working clockwise.
Top: Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick)
Right: Ixodes (deer tick)
Bottom: Dermacentor spp (American dog tick)
Left: Amblyomma spp. (Lone star tick)
Which one is the hard tick and which one is the soft tick?
Left: Soft tick
Right: hard tick
What is true about this tick?
A) It is a hard tick
B) This is an adult feeding on livestock, dog, or human
C) Commonly known as spinous ear tick
D) Causes anemia
E) It has mouthparts not visible dorsally and integument short sharp spines
F) Found mainly in ear canal
C/D/E/F are true
It is Otobius spp. which is a soft tick and only nymphs feed/ are present on host adults are in environment and DO NOT FEED
True or false
Otobius spp. requires environmental and host treatment
True
Identify the soft tick
Argas spp.
fowl tick
This tick is found on what host and is known for its fast frequent feeding which enhances dz transmission.
Domestic and wild fowl
This is a general example of a ____
Sarcoptes scabiei
sarcoptic mange mite
True or false
this mite burrows into the epidermis.
True
True or false
This mite can infest cattle, pigs, and dogs. It presents in the same place on each species adn is diagnosed with the same method.
False
Sarcoptes scabiei infests different regions and is diagnosed by different methods in all three species
Microscopic sample from an itchy dog with scaley thicken patches of skin. Name the mite
Sarcoptes scabiei
What is the life cycle of this Sarcoptes scabiei
ELNA
A dog with Erythema, scale and crust formation, what do you suspect after seeing this microscopic slide?
Sarcoptes scabiei
How would you diagnose this as Sarcoptes scabiei?
Skin scrape
This dog has Sarcoptes scabiei on the rim of its ear, abdomen, and elbows. You wear gloves during the exam because ???
Sarcoptes scabiei is the most zoonotic in dogs
You get a picture of this dog and all the owner is talking about is how itchy he is, whats your first differential and how will you confirm it?
Sarcoptes scabiei with a skin scrape
Name the 2 main modes of transmission in Sarcoptes scabiei of pigs. When will these little guys start showing signs of infestation?
1) Carrier sows to piglets during suckling
2) During service between infested boars to gilts
Piglets show signs within three weeks of birth
How do you diagnose Sarcoptes scabiei in swine?
Ear swab
Name the parasite
Sarcoptes scabiei
sarcoptic mange mite of swine
Which of the following are true?
A) This is Sarcoptes scabiei
B) It is found on the face and legs of cattle
C) You diagnose with a skin scrape
D) It is reportable
E) It is treated with MCL’s just like the Sarcoptes scabiei in dogs and swine
All true
This is damage from
Sarcoptes scabiei
You would need a ear swab to diagnose this dz in cattle?
No a skin scrape
This chubby little mite is found on cats (sometimes dogs), and is super itchy because of the critters burrowing into the epidermis. Name the parasite
Notoedres cati
This is a classic case of _____ and is confirmed with what test?
Notoedres cati and a skin scrape
This mite looks kinda like Notoedres cati but is found on chix/turkeys
Knemidocoptes spp.
This mite found on chix and turkeys is commonly known as ____ or ___
scaley leg mite or scaley face mite
This is a classic case of _____ because of the characteristic lameness and malformation of the feet.
Knemidocoptes spp.
True or false
The mite that caused this damage to the bird spends only part of its lifecycle on the host
False
WHOLE LIFE CYCLE ON HOST
These are a male (left) and female (right) ______
Chorioptes bovis
These commonly infest the FEET, but can also infest the tailhead, udder, and legs of rums and horse. Name it
Chorioptes bovis
This non burrowing mite can only survive on the host and is more prevalent in late winter.
Chorioptes bovis
The life cycle of the mite that caused this damage is
ELNA
This sample was obtained by a ____ method and is a ____
skin scrape method
Chorioptes bovis
Differences between Sarcoptes scabiei and Chorioptes bovis
This reportable dz occurs in sheep/ cattle
Psoroptes ovis
sheep scab mite
This mite is distingusishable by its extreme pruritis, exudate, and crusty lesions
Psoroptes ovis
sheep scab mite
You diagnose this mite with a ____ and if it comes up positive for ____ you report it
skin scrape
Psoroptes ovis
Identify this mite
Otodectes cynotis
ear mite
You diagnose this cat by performing an ____ because this is only found in the ___
ear swab
ear
A dog (can be on cat and humans) comes in with complaints of head shaking and black goop in the ear. What do you suspect?
Otodectes cynotis
ear mites
What is this
Cheyletiella yasguri
walking dandruff
This mite can infest
A) humans
B) elephants
C) dogs
D) horses
E) cats
A, C, E
This parasite is identifiable by its _____ and can be found all over the body of the host. You diagnose by performing a _____
Large palpal claws
perform sticky tape method
This is an example of a ____
demodex canis
demodetic mange mite
This cigar with legs infests dogs
demodex canis
True or false
All dogs have this
demodex canis
true get it from mom to pup
You find this sample showing infestation in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Do you have to treat?
no
This sample is taken from a dog confirming it has demodetic mange mites. Is the dog itchy?
NOOOOOOO
Would you ear swab this dog for a diagnosis for its alopecia?
No skin scrape first
The owner is freaking out and thinks his dog has some rare contagious skin dz, he isnt itchy but is bald as an old man’s head. What do you say?
It is probably demodetic mange mite will confirm with skin scrape all dogs have it and we can treat with Amitraz
This puppy has demodex canis. Where did he get it?
mom
Name the parasite
Dermanyssus gallinae
Common names of this mite
Red chix mite
Roost mite
Night mite
True or false
You can find this on Domestic and wild fowl, human during the day
false
Identify this mite from a chix
Dermanyssus gallinae
Nite mite
Dermanyssus gallinae
True or false
This can’t be Dermanyssus gallinae because it cannot survive without host
False this is Dermanyssus gallinae. it can survive off host and infest environment requires treatment of environment
Identify
Ornithonyssus spp.
Northern fowl mite, tropical fowl mite
True or false
You can find this on the bird only at night
False
Day and nite
If you have a bird with Ornithonyssus spp. what do you treat
just the bird Ornithonyssus spp. cannot survive without the host
This is an example of the most common poultry mite
Ornithonyssus spp.
Identify this protozoa that infects pigs rodents primates and humans
Balantidium coli
True or false
Balantidium coli is zoonotic
true
Balantidium coli can be seen as trophozoites (picture) or cysts and infect the _____ of the host
large intestine
You would expect to see a patient with these cysts to present with Diarrhea (enteritis/dysentary)
Balantidium coli
yes
Animal care at a primate facility call vet for primates with diarrhea. Some of the animal care staff have also come down with diarrhea, could they have the same dz?
Yes Balantidium coli is ZOONOTIC
Identify
Giardia intestinalis
You can find these in what hosts?
Giardia intestinalis in mammals (+/- humans)
What clinical signs do these cause
Giardia intestinalis cause diarrhea and wt loss
Giardia intestinalis infect what part of the host?
small intestines
You diagnose this parasite from what stage in its life cycle?
Giardia intestinalis cyst stage
What are you going to treat your patient with if you find this in a collected sample?
Metronidazole/ Flagell
Identify the parasite if you know that it is found in birds (BUT NOT CHIX) and the birds are presenting with diarrhea, wt loss, and death.
Spironucleus spp.
These trophozoites are found in what part of the bird, and by what life stage do you diagnos Spironucleus spp.
large intestines
dx from cysts
true or false
Zoonosis is possible in giardia intenstinalis and Spironucleus spp.
false just giardia intestinalis because it is assemblage specific
This protozoa is found in cattle and cats and is distunguishable by its undulating membrane trophozoites
Tritrichomonas foetus
What is false of cattle Tritrichomonas foetus?
A) Reportable
B) STD in cow urogenital tract passed from cow to cow requiring testing before breeding
C) Abortion in 2nd trimester
D) +/- vaginal discharge
C
Abortion in 1st trimester
What is true of cat Tritrichomonas foetus?
A) It’s an STD that effects the urogenital system of cats
B) There is always vaginal discharge, diarrhea, nasty gas
C) Mom to kitten transmission
D) Diagnose with fecal smear, culture, and PCR
D) TRUE
Tritrichomonas foetus affects the colon and its +/- diarrhea/ smelly gas and fecal oral transmission
Name the protozoa
Trichomonas spp.
canker in pidgeons
frownce in hawks
This protozoa infects birds and is transmitted by drinking contaminated water, drinking pidgeon milk, or eating contaminated prey
Trichomonas spp.
These yellow nodules in the mouth and upper respiratory tract are indicative of ___ but performing a ____ of the area can confirm your diagnosis
Trichomonas spp.
swab
You are presented with a liver of a turkey that looks like this. Whats the first protozoa you think of?
Histomonas spp.
blackhead
This protozoa infects 2 organs in birds (TURKEYS) what are they? This protozoa is also Pleomorphic which means what?
Histomonas spp.
infects cecum and liver
pleomorphic means that in cecum Histomonas spp. have flagellum and in the liver they do not
What is the vector parasite that introduces infective trophozoites fo Histomonas spp. to the host and causes this damage to the liver? How does the vector end up in the host?
Heterakis (nematode eggs) have Histomonas spp. in them. The heterakis eggs are introduced to the birds when the birds eat earthworms which are the paratenic hosts of heterakis.
True or false
the Histomonas spp. found in this liver have flagellum.
false they do not
Name the protozoa and common name
Trypanosoma cruzi
chagas dz
This protozoa can infect dogs, cats, and humans and effects the muscle and blood systems. What type of clinical signs do you expect to see in patients with this dz?
Cardiac pathologies
What methods would you use to confirm a diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas dz)
serology tests
IFA
ELISA
PCR
This protozoa can infect dogs and humans and has a cutnaneous and visceral presentation
Leishmania spp.
Oriental sore
Kala-azar
This is an example of _____ Leishmania spp. has visble sores
cutaneous
You would use what methods to confirm a diagnosis of oriental sores?
serology tests
IFA
ELISA
PCR
The dog presents with anemia, enlarged liver, and a wonky spleen palpation. This is an example of ______.
visceral Leishmania spp.
This protozoa is found in pigs and dogs and it results from ingesting the parasite. It Affects teh young much more drasticaly than adult hosts and it is diagnosed with fecal floats. Name the protozoa
Coccidia
(Isospora canis)
(Isospora suis)
The final host of isospora canis is ____ and the paratenic host is ____it infects the _____ of the final host
dogs
rodents
small intestine
Coccidia causes yellow diarrhea and dehydration in which species?
dogs and pigs
These protozoa lool like eggs what are they?
coccidia
isospora canis
isospora suis
True or false
These pigs have coccidia and have diarrhea because of it (dz) that means they have coccidiasis.
false
coccidiosis
This protozoa has multiple hosts
Eimeria spp.
This strain of protozoa in equines requires a sugar solution in order to get accurate results on a fecal exam
Eimeria leukarti
This infects the small intestines of pigs/equines and
the small/large intestines of rums/chix/turkey/duck
Eimeria spp.
Eimeria leukarti is the only Eimeria spp. that causes only intermittent diarrhea in its host. Name the host
Horses
Bloody droppings, dehydration • most pathogenic species in young chicks • High death rate • Recovered birds may be chronically ill due to persistent core of clotted blood in cecum
Name the protozoa
Eimeria tenella
True or false
Eimeria spp. in sheep and goats cause bloody diarrhea
true
This sample is seen during a necropsy of a chicken. What protozoa is the culprit?
Eimeria tenella
unsporulated oocyst of ___
Eimeria tenella
Sporolated oocyst of ____
Eimeria tenella
This is ceccal damage due to ____
Eimeria tenella
Eimeria tenella has infected the _____ of this chix
cecum
E. necatrix is another strain that infects ____
birds (CHIX)
The protozoa labled T have the ____ as the final host, but are very pathogenic in the intermediate hosts which are ____, ______, and ______
Final Cat
IH: sheep, goats, humans
This sample of _____ is from the IH (sheep, goats,humans) and can be transmitted from contamination from cat feces or from ingesting raw meat
Toxoplasma gondii
If your client is pregnant and has a cat that could transmit Toxoplasma gondii you will recommend daily cleaning of litter box or partner cleaning of the litter box why?
Toxoplasma gondii zoonotic
You see this picture and you fear the pregnant sheep could ____
have abortions
The very red with white spots on the cotyledons is a classic example of a fetus aborted by what infection?
Toxo
This sample of Toxoplasma gondii was taken from what part of the fetus
brain or placenta
The final host of this protozoa is cat/dogs and the intermediate hosts are cattle and herbivores. Name the protozoa
Sarcocystis spp.
4 banana looking sporozoites are found in the oocysts of these protozoa
Sarcocystis spp.
The arrow is pointing to a Sarcocystis spp. oocyte.
True or false
This intact oocyte is the usually structure that is found during sample collection and detection of Sarcocystis spp.
False
Usually only sporocysts seen because they rupture from the egg in the intestinal wall before being released
True or false this sample si from the intermediate host
true
If you found this protozoa in the muscle of a pregnant cow what would you expect to happen with her pregnancy?
Sarcocystis spp.
Abortion during 3d trimester
The muscle damage seen in this duck is due to infection by ____ and it is the ____ host for this dz.
Sarcocystis spp.
intermediate host
