exam 3 Flashcards
this is a cationic bisbiguanide with broad antibacterial activity that binds to the oral hard and soft tissues and attaches to bacterial cell membrane, thereby adamaging the cytoplasm causing lysis
chlorhexadine
what are local self care methods for delivering chemical agents?
tooth brushing, rinsing, and irrigation
this type of implant is when inflammation is present, but no mobility.. consult a surgeon if no response to treatment within two weeks
ailing implant
this is an implant placed within the bone to replace a single tooth to provide support for the replacement of complete or partial loss of teeth.. these are placed fully within the bone and are most widely used implant. successful tooth replacement is accomplished by ossentigration which means direct bone anchorage to an implant body
endosseous
what is the optimum fluoride level?
0.7-1.2 ppm
stannous fluoride
SnF2
which type of fluoride is used for hypersensitivity and as a cavity liner?
5% neutral sodium varnish
what does type II gingival embrasure look like?
with slight to moderate recession of the interdental papilla
this is the direct attachment or connection of osseous tissue to an inert alloplastic material without intervening connective tissue
osseointegration
this binds tot he pellicle and salivary mucins to prvent biofilm accumulation, bactericidal and bacteriostatic depending on concentration, antimicrobial and antigingivitis agent
chlorhexadine
what can be helpful for a pt. or caregiver flossing the teeth?
floss holder
wedge or V shaped cervical lesion created by the stresses of lateral or eccentric tooth movements during occlusal function, bruxing, or parafunctional activity resulting in mircrofractures
abfraction
a common titiantium alloy used for dental implants contains 6% aluminum to increase strength and decrease weight and 4% vanadium to prevent corrosion
titanium alloy
what are the beneficial effects from oral irrigation?
reduction of gingivitis and bleeding
reduction or alteration of subgingival dental biofilm
reduction of inflammatory mediators
subgingival acess to pathogenic microorganisms (the standard jet tip can penetrate below the gingival margin 44% and 71% of pocket depth)
subgingival delivery of antimicrobial agents
what does topical fluoride work to do?
inhibit demin
enhance remin of incipient lesions
inhibit bacterial acitivity by inhibiting enolase, an enzyme needing by bacteria to metabolize carbohydrates
work as densensitizer
inhibit erosion
a chemical with therapeutic properties that is delivered by rinsing or irrigation device
therapeutic rinse
neutral sodium flouride
NaF
with an implant, this is a reversible bacterial infection in the soft tissue similar to gingivitis, it has mild color change with bleeding and may be present
initial stage- mucositis
agent that binds to the oral hard and soft tissues and causes cell lysis.. this is the most effective antimicrobial and antigingivitis agent available and causes brown staining that comes off by polishing
chlorhexadine
transient pain arising from exposed dentin, typically in response to a stimulus which cannot be explained as arising from any other form of dental defect or pathology and subsides quickly when stimulus is removed
dentin hypersensitivity
what are the risk factors for oral cancer?
tobacco use
alcohol use
sun exposure
V shaped spillway space next to the contact area of adjacent teeth, narrowest at the contact and widening toward the facial, lingual, and occlusal contacts
embrasure
The ability of an agent to bind to the pellicle tooth surface, and soft tissue and released over an extended period of time with the retention of potency
substantivity
form of enamel hypomineralization due tot excessive ingestion of fluoride during the development and mineralization of the teeth.. depending on the length of exposure and the concentration of the fluoride, the fluoride exposed area may appear as a small white spot or severe brown staining with pitting
fluorosis
what is the sulcus/interndal brush used for?
for proximal tooth surfaces with open embrasures, ortho, fixed prosthesis, dental implants, space maintainers, hard to reach areas
currently accepted mechanism for pain impulse transmission to the pulp as a result of fluid movement within the dentin tubule, which stimulates the nerve endings at the dentinopulpal interface
hydrodynamic theory
Acidulated phosphate fluoride
APF
what absorbs fluoride in greater quantities?
hypomineralized or decalcifiedf enamel
what is the wooden interdental cleaner used for?
cleaning proximal tooth surfaces where the tooth surfaces are exposed and interdental gingiva are missing.
it is difficult for post. teeth and from lingual aspect
a chemical that is used for therapeutic reasons
chemotherapeutic agent
what are risk factors for periodontal infections or poor response to periodontal therapy?
behavioral factors tobacco use systemic conditions horomonal considerations nutritional status iatrogenic factors genetic factors
patient education and oral hygiene instructions that anticipate potential oral and systemic health problems associated with risk factors identified during patient assessment.
Anticipatory Guidance
this is when inflammation is present with an implant, bone loss has occurred and continues and mobility is faintly noticeable
failing implant
destructive inflammatory process of periodontal tissues around an implant characterized by progressive bone loss in addition to soft tissue inflammation with hemorrhage/and or exudate, similar to periodontitis in a natural tooth
peri-implantitis
the depression in the gingival tissue under a contact area between the lingual papilla and the facial papilla
col
the form of hydroxyapatite in which fluoride ions have replaced some of the hydroxyl ions; with fluoride, the apatite is less soluble and therefore more resistant to the acids formed from carbohydrate intake
Fluroapatite
acid forming
acidogenic
what are some aids that are used for dental hygiene?
sulcus/interprox brush prxy brush end tuft brush tongue cleaner tufted or super floss floss threaded floss holder wooden interdental cleaner denture brush modified tooth brush handle irrigation syringe
what does bactericidal chlorhexadine do?
causes cell lyses
what is an end tuft brush?
for open interpoximal areas, fixed dental prosthesis and difficult to reach areas.
what are the risk factors for dental caries?
behavioral factors dietary factors low fluoride tooth morphology and position xerostomia personal and family history of caries developmental factors genetic factors
what type of floss is good for removal of proximal surface cleaning?
waxed
a cleft in the gingival margin usually at a mesial or distal line angle of the tooth where dental floss was repeatedly applied incorrectly. the lining of the cleft can be completely lined with epithelium
floss cleft
this is with an implant, when inflammation has reached the level of the bone.. edema or hemorrhage is present in the surrounding tissues. exudate may or may not be present, and probing depths are increased
secondary stage periimplantitis
decayed, missing, and filled teeth (primary, and permanent dentition)
DMFT/dmft
an attribute to exposure that increases the probability of disease, such as an aspect of personal behavior, environmental exposure, or an inherited characteristic associated with health related conditions
risk factor
The patients concern as stated during the initial health history preparation; may be the reason for seeking professional care; a complaint such as pain or discomfort may require emergency dental diagnosis
chief complaint
segment connecting the submerged implant body to the prosthetic component. the abutment enters the oral cavity providing a platform for attaching crowns
abutment
this is related to biofilm accumulation causing inflammation
gingival bleeding
the point of the delivery of the irrigation is placed in the sulcus or pocket and may reach the base of the pocket depending on its probing depth
subgingival irrigation
what is the substantivity of chlorhexadine?
8-12 hrs
what is tufted dental floss?
floss/yarn for biofilm removal from tooth surfaces adjacent to wide embrasures where interdental papillae have been lost, biofilm removal from mesial and distal abutments under pontic of a fixed partial denture, implant or ortho
which type of fluoride is used with dental implants?
neutral
this is used for biofilm and debris removal around orthodontic appliances or under fixed partial dentures
floss threader
this is related to limited ability to perform oral self care tasks
biofilm control record score
what does a healthy implant show?
no pain or discomfort, no mobility, no bone loss or periimplant radiolucency in radiograph, no clinical signs of periimplantitis, gingiva should be firm with no edema and no bleeding or increased probing depths on gentle probing performed with a rounded, smooth plastic probe
American Society of Anesthesiologists; originally developed the ASA classifications to determine modifications necessary to provide general anesthetic to patients during surgical procedures
ASA
what type of instruments are used on dental implants?
plastic
this is when there is evident mobility within the implant. Radiographic changes are evident, often showing a vertical bony defect. refer the pt. immediately to a surgeon
failed implant
what is the chief complaint and how do you treat it?
it is the significant concern such as pain.. this is addressed prior to initiating dental hygiene treatment
a measure of the ability to carry out the basic tasks needed for self care
ADL’s or Activities of Daily Living
breakdown of the tooth structure with a loss of mineral content, primarily calcium and phosphorous
demineralization
restoration of mineral elements within the tooth surface enhanced by the presence of fluoride; remineralized lesions are more resistant to irritation of dental caries than is normal tooth structure
remineralization
the services within the framework of the total treatment plan to be carried out by the dental hygienist
dental hygiene care plan
what are the properties of unwaxed floss?
thinner, may help get interproximal spaces
more likely to fray and shred
what is the amount of fluoride used in warmer climates?
0.7 ppm
A group of minerals of the general formula Ca10(PO4)X2, wherein X might include Hydroxyl (OH), carbonate (CO), fluoride (F), or oxygen (0); crystalline mineral component of hard tissues (bones and teeth)
apatite
what does bacteriostatic chlorhexadine do?
concentrations interfere with cell wall transport system
What does type III gingival embrasure look like?
with extensive recession or complete loss of the interdental papilla
what fluoride is used in colder climated?
1.2 ppm
occurs when foods and beverages processed in a fluoridated community are imported and consumed in a nonfluoridated community
halo or diffusion effect
this problem is related to exposed cementum and gingival recession
hypersensitivty
coordinated action; acting jointly; for example one drug might enhance the effect of another drug
synergistic effect
why do we use pre-procedural mouth rinses?
to reduce numbers of intraoral microorganisms available to aerosols
to reduce aerosol contamination during use of hand piece or ultrasonic scaler
custom fabricated framework of metal that rests over the bone of the mandible or the maxilla, under the periosteum..complete arch or unilateral
subperiosteal implant
parts per million; measure used to designate the amount of fluoride used for optimum level in fluoridated water, dentrifice, and other flouirde containing preparations
PPM
dental imlant that penetrates both cortical plates and passes the thickness of the aleveolar bone.. it is aka as a mandibular staple implant or staple bone implant.. most commonly used for dentures
transosseous implants
these are link observed or potential oral health problems identified during the patient assessment to probable etiology or risk factors… relate problems and solution that can be addressed within the dental hygiene scope of practice
diagnostic statements
a patients voluntary agreement to a treatment plan after details of the proposed treatment have been presented and comprehended by the patient
informed consent
What does type I gingival embrasure look like?
the interdental papillae fills the gingival embrasure
what is the list of interdental aids?
sulcus brush/interdental brush proxy brush end tuft brush tongue cleaner tufted floss or super floss floss threaders floss holders or picks wooden interdental cleaner denture brush modified tooth brush handle irrigation syringe
chlorhexadine
CHX
layer of fibrous connective tissue between the implant surround bone, also called fibrous integration..indicative to failed osseintegration
fibrous encapsulation
capable of existing in harmony with the surrounding biologic environment
biocompatible
this prevents biofilm accumulation, lasts 8-12 hours, used as a preprocedural rinse and before during and after perio debridement.. produces altered taste and 0.12% solution
chlorhexadine
this is related to previous history of dental caries and consumption of sugar sweetened beverages frequently thru the day
increased caries risk..CAMBRA level
what do you do if a patient ingests too much fluoride?
induce vomiting manually or with ipecac syrup.. or administer fluoride binding liquid when pt is not vomiting such as milk, milk of magnesium or lime water.
what does a dental hygiene care plan include?
periodontal/gingival health
dental caries control
prevention
what are the risk factors for systemic conditions?
infective endocarditis cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis diabetes mellitus respiratory disease adverse pregnancy outcomes
this refers to the infusion of connective tissue cells between the implant body and surrounding bone. it indicates failure of ossentigration and mobility is evident
fibrous encapsulation
