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Intro to Psychology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Which controversial childhood psychiatric disorder is the central focus of The Medicated Child?

A

Bipolar disorder

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2
Q

Why are antipsychotics prescribed more than antidepressants to children? Is there empirical evidence to support this practice?

A

Black Box Warning

No empirical evidence

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3
Q

Which neurological disorder has been linked to antipsychotic use in children?

A

Ticks

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4
Q

Getting a job to get paid and buy food is an example of this motivation theory

A

Drive theory

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5
Q

Motivation theory associated with the Yerkes-Dodson law

A

Arousal theory

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6
Q

Going to all your classes because you love learning is an example of…

A

Intrinsic motivation

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7
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

Physiological&raquo_space; Safety&raquo_space; Belonging and love&raquo_space; Esteem&raquo_space; Self Actualization

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8
Q

Affiliation

A

Establish social contacts

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9
Q

Intimacy

A

Close relationships with open communications

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10
Q

Social rejection is similar to…

A

Physical pain

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11
Q

3 properties of self disclosure

A
  1. Reciprocity
  2. Gender differences
  3. Sharing more details as relationship grows
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12
Q

DePaulo and Kashy’s findings on 3rd property of self disclosure (sharing more details as relationship grows)

A

People tend to lie the most to strangers

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13
Q

Running for class president for the prestigious title is an example of…

A

Need for power

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14
Q

Performance achievement orientation is associated with…

A

High anxiety

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15
Q

Cultural differences in motivations among Canadians and Japanese

A

Success motivated Canadians

Failure motivated Japanese

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16
Q

Consequence of Goal Activation

A

Attempting to achieve goals can influence people by changing their perception of the world

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17
Q

Increasing tangible rewards in work place creates…

A

Worse performance on tasks involving thinking and creativity

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18
Q

Impression formation process

A

Determining whether to approach or withdraw from a person based on categorization of people

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19
Q

Which study is an example of self-fulfilling prophecy?

A

Teacher Expectancy Study

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20
Q

Thinking someone is rude for cutting in front of you is an example of…

A

Dispositional attribution

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21
Q

Findings of Stanford Prison Experiment

A

Situation has a larger effect than one’s disposition

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22
Q

Implicit attitudes effect on behavior

A

It can sometimes be expressed unconsciously

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23
Q

Presence of others tends to…

A

Enhance performance on simple tasks and impair performance on complex tasks

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24
Q

Social loafing

A

Tendency to give less effort when working in a larger group

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25
Asch's research on conformity
More than 75% conformed by giving the wrong answer at least once
26
Burger's partial replica of Milgram Study
People delivered an equal amount of electric shocks like Milgram
27
Angelica takes a dance class because all her roommates are despite wanting to take a photography class is an example of...
Normative influence
28
3 Principles of social impact theory
1. Strength 2. Immediacy 3. Number
29
Which theory best supports that physiological and behavioral responses and emotional experience are parallel processes?
Cannon-Bard Theory
30
Feeling anxiety when a car backfires at night while in an unfamiliar neighborhood is an example of...
Unpleasant stimulations >> sympathetic functions
31
Nonverbal communication is what component of emotion?
Expressive component
32
Most universally recognizable facial expression
Happiness
33
Extended eye contact implies what in a preexisting relationship?
Both lust and hatred
34
Job pressure is an example of...
Micro stressor
35
Type 1 Schizophrenia has mostly...
Positive symptoms
36
Type 2 Schizophrenia has mostly...
Negative symptoms
37
Which type of Schizophrenia is easier to treat?
Type 1
38
What type of hallucination in schizophrenia is most common?
Auditory
39
What type of delusion in Schizophrenia is most common and concern for self/other harm?
Persecution
40
Extrinsic motivation
Pursuing a goal for a monetary reward
41
Intrinsic motivation
Pursuing a goal for a fulfilling experience
42
Drive theory
Physiological needs arouse tension that motivated people to satisfy need
43
Arousal theory
People motivated to achieve and maintain an optimum level of bodily arousal
44
Incentive theory
People motivated to behave in ways that produce a reward
45
Dispositional attribution
Assume one's characteristics influenced them to behave a certain way
46
Situational attributions
Assume situation's characteristics influenced a person to behave a certain way
47
Social facilitation
Tendency of presence of others to enhance performance on simple tasks and impair performance on complex tasks
48
Fundamental attribution error
Tendency to attribute behavior to personal characteristics than situational
49
Actor observer bias
Dispositional bias when explaining other people's behavior but a situational bias when explaining their own
50
Self serving bias
Success caused by disposition, failure caused by situations
51
Conformity
Changing behavior to match social norms when social pressure is exerted
52
Primacy effect
Tendency to be influenced by initial info than info gathered later
53
Self fulfilling prophecy
Expectation based on first impression can lead to its own fulfillment
54
How can one improve accuracy in forming impressions?
Don't adhere to first impression Consider more complete info Expect that you will be required to justify your first impression
55
Milgram Obedience Experiment
No one quit below 300 volts 65% delivered the max 450 volts
56
Informational influence in conforming
We want to be right
57
Normative influence in conforming
We want to be like a group
58
James-Lange Theory
Emotion stems from physiological arousal triggered by an emotion eliciting stimulus
59
Modern Biopsychological View of Emotion
Perception, physiological reactions and emotional experiences are mutually influential
60
2 functions of emotion's expressive component
Nonverbal communication and sensory feedback
61
Which six emotions are universally expressed?
Happiness, sadness, surprise, anger, fear, disgust
62
How can one interpret emotional expression via eye contact?
A preexisting relationship
63
Three major types of life stressors
Catastrophes/Traumatic events Major life events Microstressors
64
Problem focused coping
Reducing stress by overcoming problem
65
Emotion focused coping
Manage emotional turmoil
66
Adaptive coping strategies
Successful in reducing negative emotions
67
Maladaptive coping strategies
Unsuccessful in reducing negative emotions
68
Situation selection strategy
Problem focused Approach or avoid certain people, places or objects
69
Situation modification
Active efforts to directly modify situation to alter emotional impact Problem focused
70
Positive Reappraisal
Create positive meaning out of a stressful event
71
Rumination
Constantly thinking about feelings associated with a negative event
72
Psychological disorders in the Stone Age
Work of evil spirits Treat with exorcisms and trephination (cutting a circular section of the skull)
73
Psychological disorders in Ancient Egypt
Aches, pains, sadness, apathy, toothache >> wandering uterus Treat with strong smelling substances to drive uterus back to proper place
74
Psychological disorders in Ancient Greece and Rome
Abnormal behavior due to an imbalance of bodily fluids (humors) Treat with a healthier diet, more rest, celibacy and "bleeding"
75
Psychological disorders in Middle Ages
Witchcraft, demonic/animal possession, lycanthropy, tarantism Treat with exorcism, torture, burning at stake, lunacy trials
76
Psychological disorders in Renaissance
Rise of asylums which were overcrowded, filthy, virtual prisons and cruelty to patients
77
Psychological disorders in early 20th century
Emergence of somatogenic and psychogenic approaches Treat with ECT, lobotomy, insulin therapy, wet packs (cruel and ineffective)
78
Current trends in mental health care
Psychotropic medication, deinstitutionalization, private psychotherapy
79
4 major paradigms to psychopathology
Medical Behavioral Cognitive Sociocultural
80
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Delusions Disordered thinking and speech Hallucinations Inappropriate affect
81
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Poverty of speech Blunted and flat affect Avolition Social withdrawal
82
3 phases of schizophrenia
Prodromal Active Residual
83
Medical Approach
Neurophysiological and neurochemical abnormalities, genetic abnormalities Treat with psychotropic medications, electroconvulsive therapy, neurosurgery/psychosurgery
84
Behavioral Approach
Caused by learned, maladaptive behaviors Treat with Exposure therapies
85
Cognitive Approach
Caused by maladaptive thinking patterns Treat with cognitive therapy
86
Sociocultural Approach
Caused by social and cultural influences Treat with culture-sensitive therapy, group therapy, self-help groups, family therapy, couple therapy, community mental health treatment
87
Eclectic Approaches
Abnormality from interaction from any of the 4 paradigms
88
Diathesis Stress model
Biological vulnerability x stressor >> psychopathology
89
Phobias
Persistent and unreasonable fears | Immediate anxiety
90
Social anxiety disorder
Anxiety of social situations
91
Agoraphobia
Fear of being in public, crowdedness, enclosed spaces, etc Panic-like symptoms because escape is difficult
92
Panic disorder
Recurrent and unexpected panic attacks | Persistent worry of attacks
93
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Excessive anxiety of multiple events, difficult to control
94
Major Depressive Disorder symptoms
Depressed mood, anhedonia, weight/appetite changes, insomnia/hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation/retardation, fatigue, worthlessness, unfocused, recurrent thoughts of suicide and death
95
How to treat anxiety disorders
Cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, group therapy, biofeedback, medication

Intro to Psychology (3 decks)

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