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Intro to Psychology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which controversial childhood psychiatric disorder is the central focus of The Medicated Child?

A

Bipolar disorder

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2
Q

Why are antipsychotics prescribed more than antidepressants to children? Is there empirical evidence to support this practice?

A

Black Box Warning

No empirical evidence

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3
Q

Which neurological disorder has been linked to antipsychotic use in children?

A

Ticks

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4
Q

Getting a job to get paid and buy food is an example of this motivation theory

A

Drive theory

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5
Q

Motivation theory associated with the Yerkes-Dodson law

A

Arousal theory

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6
Q

Going to all your classes because you love learning is an example of…

A

Intrinsic motivation

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7
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

Physiological&raquo_space; Safety&raquo_space; Belonging and love&raquo_space; Esteem&raquo_space; Self Actualization

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8
Q

Affiliation

A

Establish social contacts

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9
Q

Intimacy

A

Close relationships with open communications

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10
Q

Social rejection is similar to…

A

Physical pain

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11
Q

3 properties of self disclosure

A
  1. Reciprocity
  2. Gender differences
  3. Sharing more details as relationship grows
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12
Q

DePaulo and Kashy’s findings on 3rd property of self disclosure (sharing more details as relationship grows)

A

People tend to lie the most to strangers

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13
Q

Running for class president for the prestigious title is an example of…

A

Need for power

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14
Q

Performance achievement orientation is associated with…

A

High anxiety

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15
Q

Cultural differences in motivations among Canadians and Japanese

A

Success motivated Canadians

Failure motivated Japanese

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16
Q

Consequence of Goal Activation

A

Attempting to achieve goals can influence people by changing their perception of the world

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17
Q

Increasing tangible rewards in work place creates…

A

Worse performance on tasks involving thinking and creativity

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18
Q

Impression formation process

A

Determining whether to approach or withdraw from a person based on categorization of people

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19
Q

Which study is an example of self-fulfilling prophecy?

A

Teacher Expectancy Study

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20
Q

Thinking someone is rude for cutting in front of you is an example of…

A

Dispositional attribution

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21
Q

Findings of Stanford Prison Experiment

A

Situation has a larger effect than one’s disposition

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22
Q

Implicit attitudes effect on behavior

A

It can sometimes be expressed unconsciously

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23
Q

Presence of others tends to…

A

Enhance performance on simple tasks and impair performance on complex tasks

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24
Q

Social loafing

A

Tendency to give less effort when working in a larger group

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25
Q

Asch’s research on conformity

A

More than 75% conformed by giving the wrong answer at least once

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26
Q

Burger’s partial replica of Milgram Study

A

People delivered an equal amount of electric shocks like Milgram

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27
Q

Angelica takes a dance class because all her roommates are despite wanting to take a photography class is an example of…

A

Normative influence

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28
Q

3 Principles of social impact theory

A
  1. Strength
  2. Immediacy
  3. Number
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29
Q

Which theory best supports that physiological and behavioral responses and emotional experience are parallel processes?

A

Cannon-Bard Theory

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30
Q

Feeling anxiety when a car backfires at night while in an unfamiliar neighborhood is an example of…

A

Unpleasant stimulations&raquo_space; sympathetic functions

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31
Q

Nonverbal communication is what component of emotion?

A

Expressive component

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32
Q

Most universally recognizable facial expression

A

Happiness

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33
Q

Extended eye contact implies what in a preexisting relationship?

A

Both lust and hatred

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34
Q

Job pressure is an example of…

A

Micro stressor

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35
Q

Type 1 Schizophrenia has mostly…

A

Positive symptoms

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36
Q

Type 2 Schizophrenia has mostly…

A

Negative symptoms

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37
Q

Which type of Schizophrenia is easier to treat?

A

Type 1

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38
Q

What type of hallucination in schizophrenia is most common?

A

Auditory

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39
Q

What type of delusion in Schizophrenia is most common and concern for self/other harm?

A

Persecution

40
Q

Extrinsic motivation

A

Pursuing a goal for a monetary reward

41
Q

Intrinsic motivation

A

Pursuing a goal for a fulfilling experience

42
Q

Drive theory

A

Physiological needs arouse tension that motivated people to satisfy need

43
Q

Arousal theory

A

People motivated to achieve and maintain an optimum level of bodily arousal

44
Q

Incentive theory

A

People motivated to behave in ways that produce a reward

45
Q

Dispositional attribution

A

Assume one’s characteristics influenced them to behave a certain way

46
Q

Situational attributions

A

Assume situation’s characteristics influenced a person to behave a certain way

47
Q

Social facilitation

A

Tendency of presence of others to enhance performance on simple tasks and impair performance on complex tasks

48
Q

Fundamental attribution error

A

Tendency to attribute behavior to personal characteristics than situational

49
Q

Actor observer bias

A

Dispositional bias when explaining other people’s behavior but a situational bias when explaining their own

50
Q

Self serving bias

A

Success caused by disposition, failure caused by situations

51
Q

Conformity

A

Changing behavior to match social norms when social pressure is exerted

52
Q

Primacy effect

A

Tendency to be influenced by initial info than info gathered later

53
Q

Self fulfilling prophecy

A

Expectation based on first impression can lead to its own fulfillment

54
Q

How can one improve accuracy in forming impressions?

A

Don’t adhere to first impression

Consider more complete info

Expect that you will be required to justify your first impression

55
Q

Milgram Obedience Experiment

A

No one quit below 300 volts

65% delivered the max 450 volts

56
Q

Informational influence in conforming

A

We want to be right

57
Q

Normative influence in conforming

A

We want to be like a group

58
Q

James-Lange Theory

A

Emotion stems from physiological arousal triggered by an emotion eliciting stimulus

59
Q

Modern Biopsychological View of Emotion

A

Perception, physiological reactions and emotional experiences are mutually influential

60
Q

2 functions of emotion’s expressive component

A

Nonverbal communication and sensory feedback

61
Q

Which six emotions are universally expressed?

A

Happiness, sadness, surprise, anger, fear, disgust

62
Q

How can one interpret emotional expression via eye contact?

A

A preexisting relationship

63
Q

Three major types of life stressors

A

Catastrophes/Traumatic events

Major life events

Microstressors

64
Q

Problem focused coping

A

Reducing stress by overcoming problem

65
Q

Emotion focused coping

A

Manage emotional turmoil

66
Q

Adaptive coping strategies

A

Successful in reducing negative emotions

67
Q

Maladaptive coping strategies

A

Unsuccessful in reducing negative emotions

68
Q

Situation selection strategy

A

Problem focused

Approach or avoid certain people, places or objects

69
Q

Situation modification

A

Active efforts to directly modify situation to alter emotional impact

Problem focused

70
Q

Positive Reappraisal

A

Create positive meaning out of a stressful event

71
Q

Rumination

A

Constantly thinking about feelings associated with a negative event

72
Q

Psychological disorders in the Stone Age

A

Work of evil spirits

Treat with exorcisms and trephination (cutting a circular section of the skull)

73
Q

Psychological disorders in Ancient Egypt

A

Aches, pains, sadness, apathy, toothache&raquo_space; wandering uterus

Treat with strong smelling substances to drive uterus back to proper place

74
Q

Psychological disorders in Ancient Greece and Rome

A

Abnormal behavior due to an imbalance of bodily fluids (humors)

Treat with a healthier diet, more rest, celibacy and “bleeding”

75
Q

Psychological disorders in Middle Ages

A

Witchcraft, demonic/animal possession, lycanthropy, tarantism

Treat with exorcism, torture, burning at stake, lunacy trials

76
Q

Psychological disorders in Renaissance

A

Rise of asylums which were overcrowded, filthy, virtual prisons and cruelty to patients

77
Q

Psychological disorders in early 20th century

A

Emergence of somatogenic and psychogenic approaches

Treat with ECT, lobotomy, insulin therapy, wet packs (cruel and ineffective)

78
Q

Current trends in mental health care

A

Psychotropic medication, deinstitutionalization, private psychotherapy

79
Q

4 major paradigms to psychopathology

A

Medical
Behavioral
Cognitive
Sociocultural

80
Q

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia

A

Delusions
Disordered thinking and speech
Hallucinations
Inappropriate affect

81
Q

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia

A

Poverty of speech
Blunted and flat affect
Avolition
Social withdrawal

82
Q

3 phases of schizophrenia

A

Prodromal
Active
Residual

83
Q

Medical Approach

A

Neurophysiological and neurochemical abnormalities, genetic abnormalities

Treat with psychotropic medications, electroconvulsive therapy, neurosurgery/psychosurgery

84
Q

Behavioral Approach

A

Caused by learned, maladaptive behaviors

Treat with Exposure therapies

85
Q

Cognitive Approach

A

Caused by maladaptive thinking patterns

Treat with cognitive therapy

86
Q

Sociocultural Approach

A

Caused by social and cultural influences

Treat with culture-sensitive therapy, group therapy, self-help groups, family therapy, couple therapy, community mental health treatment

87
Q

Eclectic Approaches

A

Abnormality from interaction from any of the 4 paradigms

88
Q

Diathesis Stress model

A

Biological vulnerability x stressor&raquo_space; psychopathology

89
Q

Phobias

A

Persistent and unreasonable fears

Immediate anxiety

90
Q

Social anxiety disorder

A

Anxiety of social situations

91
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Fear of being in public, crowdedness, enclosed spaces, etc

Panic-like symptoms because escape is difficult

92
Q

Panic disorder

A

Recurrent and unexpected panic attacks

Persistent worry of attacks

93
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A

Excessive anxiety of multiple events, difficult to control

94
Q

Major Depressive Disorder symptoms

A

Depressed mood, anhedonia, weight/appetite changes, insomnia/hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation/retardation, fatigue, worthlessness, unfocused, recurrent thoughts of suicide and death

95
Q

How to treat anxiety disorders

A

Cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, group therapy, biofeedback, medication

Intro to Psychology (3 decks)

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