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EBP Research Class > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

experimental designs

A

designs involving random assignment to groups and manipulation of the independent variable

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2
Q

two-group pretest- posttest design

A

subjects are randomly assigned to the experimental or control group and are measured before and after the intervention

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3
Q

two-group posttest only design

A

subjects are randomly assigned to an experimental or control group and measured only after the intervention

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4
Q

Solomon four-group design

A

experimental design with four groups- some receive the intervention, others serve as controls; some are measured before and after, others are measured only after the intervention

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5
Q

multiple experimental groups designs

A

experimental design using two or more experimental groups with one control group

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6
Q

factorial designs

A

allows researchers to manipulate more than one intervention

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7
Q

crossover design

A

uses two or more treatments; subjects receive treatments in random order

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8
Q

quasi-experimental design

A

involves the manipulation of the independent variable but lacks either random assignment to groups or a control group

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9
Q

nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design

A

quasi-experimental design where two groups are measured before and after an intervention

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10
Q

time series design

A

quasi experimental design where one group is measured prior to administering the intervention and then multiple time after the intervention

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11
Q

one-group posttest only design

A

preexperimental design involving one group and a posttest with little control over extraneous variables

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12
Q

nonequivalent-groups posttest-only design

A

preexperimental design involving two groups measured after an intervention with little control for extraneous variables

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13
Q

preexperimental

A

posttest-only design that involves manipulation of the independent variable but lacks control for extraneous variables

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14
Q

nonexperimental design

A

design that lacks manipulation of the independent variable and random assignment

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15
Q

descriptive designs

A

provide a picture of a situation as it is naturally happening without manipulation of any of the variables

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16
Q

exploratory design

A

nonexperimental design; used when little is known about a phenomenon

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17
Q

comparative designs

A

descriptive design; compares two or more groups or variables

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18
Q

survey design

A

descriptive design; involves data obtained through subjects self-report

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19
Q

correlational designs

A

used to study relationships among two or more variables

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20
Q

covary

A

when change in one variable is associated with change in another variable

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21
Q

descriptive correlational design

A

used to explain the relationship among the variables or groups using a nondirectional hypothesis

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22
Q

predictive correlational design

A

researchers hypothesize which variables are predictors or outcomes

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23
Q

model testing

A

correlational design; tests a hypothesized theoretical model

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24
Q

translational research

A

research for the purpose of linking research findings to the point of care

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25
Q

community-based participatory action research

A

active involvement of community members throughout the research process

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26
Q

health services research

A

research involving phenomena, such as cost, political factors, and culture, r/t the delivery of health care

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27
Q

t statistic

A

inferential statistical test to determine whether a statistically significant difference between 2 groups exists

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28
Q

correlated t test

A

a variation of the t test used when there is only one group or when groups are related; (also called “paired t test”)

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29
Q

independent t test

A

a variation of the t test used when data values vary independently from one another

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30
Q

analysis of variance (ANOVA)

A

inferential statistical test used when the level of measurement is interval or ratio and more than two groups are being compared

31
Q

dissemination

A

communication of clinical research findings to transition new knowledge to the point of care

32
Q

posters

A

a scholarly venue for disseminating evidence

33
Q

networking

A

interacting with colleagues to exchange information and build relationships

34
Q

call for abstracts

A

notices publicizing the desire for posters or presentations at conferences

35
Q

presentations

A

scholarly oral presentation to disseminate new knowledge

36
Q

papers

A

manuscripts published in professional journals

37
Q

authorship

A

list of authors in an order that reflects the amount of their contributions

38
Q

manuscript

A

scholarly paper prior to its publication

39
Q

The 3Ps of dissemination are…

A

posters, papers, presentations

40
Q

scholarly paper prior to its publication

A

manuscript

41
Q

the communication of clinical, research, and theoretical findings for the purpose of transitioning new knowledge to the point of care

A

dissemination

42
Q

type of content typically included in EBP posters

A

PICO question

43
Q

notices are also called

A

calls for abstracts

44
Q

what is a barrier to dissemination?

A

reliance on traditional methods such as posters, papers, and presentations

45
Q

T/F: A major advantage of poster presentations over other methods is that opportunities for networking exist

A

true

46
Q

the cycle of scientific development is an important phase in:

A

dissemination

47
Q

T/F: evidence-based practice cannot be successful if nurses fail to read or hear about new knowledge

A

true

48
Q

T/F: from any library websites, we can easily accessible electronic journals.

A

false: most libraries fall short of providing an effective platform for electronic journals

49
Q

hypothesis testing

A

collection of objectively measurable data that are gathered through the five senses to confirm or refute a hypothesis; empirical testing; a test for construct validity

50
Q

convergent testing

A

a test for construct validity in which new instruments are administered at the same time as an instrument known to be valid; scores of the two instruments are compared, and strong, positive correlations indicate good validity

51
Q

divergent testing

A

test for construct validity in which new instruments are administered at the same time as an instrument measuring the opposite of the concept; scores of the two instruments are compared, and strong negative correlations indicate good validity

52
Q

parametric

A

inferential statistical test involving interval- or ratio- level data to make inferences about the population

53
Q

nonparametric

A

inferential statistics involving nominal- or ordinal- level data to make inferences about the population

54
Q

degrees of freedom

A

a statistical concept used to refer to the number of sample values that are free to vary; n - 1

55
Q

ANOVA stands for…

A

analysis of variance

56
Q

df

A

degrees of freedom

57
Q

F

A

Fisher’s F ratio

58
Q

ns

A

nonsignificant

59
Q

p

A

probability

60
Q

r

A

Pearson product-moment correlation

61
Q

R

A

multiple correlation

62
Q

R^2

A

multiple correlation squared

63
Q

t

A

computed value of t test

64
Q

α

A

alpha; probability of type I error

65
Q

β

A

beta; probability of type II error

66
Q

Δ

A

delta; amount of change

67
Q

Σ

A

sigma; sum or summation

68
Q

X^2

A

chi square

69
Q

how many types of true experimental designs are commonly reported in the scientific literature?

A

1) two-group pretest-posttest
2) two-group posttest only
3) Solomon four-group
4) multiple experimental groups
5) factorial
6) crossover designs

70
Q

the term “randomized controlled trial” describes:

A

an experimental study that is conducted in healthcare settings

71
Q

T/F: nonexperimental designs cannot be used to develop and test theories

A

False

72
Q

determining the strategies to effectively organize, manage, finance, and deliver high-quality care are the goals of:

A

health services research

73
Q

a researcher is testing radiation in women with breast cancer. ideally, the researcher should select the dose of radiation that obtains the desired effects with the least amount of side effects. here the goal is to:

A

maximize the benefits while minimizing the risks

EBP Research Class (3 decks)

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