Exam 3 Flashcards
(35 cards)
What generates and transmits the force in a muscular hydrostats?
Muscle for both
What part of the hydrostatic skeleton supports the body
The fluid
How do animals with hydrostatic skeletons deal with buckling?
They reinforce with though fibers
Compare fluid filled hydrostats and muscular hydrostats
Muscular hydrostats have a much greater body to force ratio and can move much faster than fluid filled hydrostats
What are the three types of life cycles exhibited by organisms?
Diploid haploid and alternation of generations
What is the key difference between them?
The path they take to adulthood or maturity
What type of life cycle do all sexually reproducing animals exhibit?
Diploid
What are the three variations of the diploid lifecycle?
Direct- zygote to juvenile to adult
Indirect - zygote larva adult
Biphasic- shift between sexual and asexual reproduction.
What are the unifying characteristics of K. Fungi?
Chemoheterotroph
Cell wall made of chiton
Secrete digestive enzymes and absorb nutrients
What’s the difference between hyphae, fruiting body and mycelium?
Mycelium is the feeding network
Fruiting body is the reproductive structure
Both are made up of hyphae
What does it mean when the hyphae are dikaryotic?
The have two haploid nucleic
What is the difference between a spore and a gamete?
A spore ca develop directly into a zygote while a gamete must fuse with another gamete before developing into a new zygote
What type of lifecycle do fungi exhibit?$
Haploid
What is the oldest fungal phylum and what are their defining characteristics?
Chitridiomycota.
They re flagellated and unicellular
How can you tell the difference between a zygomycete and basisiomycete hyphae?
Zygomycete are ceonocitic and those of baidiomycetes are septate
What is lichen?
A mutulalisitic relationship between fungus and a photosynthetic cell. Each benefits from the relationship. PC: protection from UV and herbivores and fungi: benefits of photosynthesis
What type of lifecycle do all plants exhibit?
Alternation of generations
What features unit all plants ?
Alternation of generation Have waxy water resistant cuticles Multicellular gametanga and sporangia Zygote is retained and nourished by maternal tissue Thick walled non flagellated sores
Do some sexually reproducing organisms lack a gametophyte stage?
No
Do all plants have a sporophyte stage?
Yes
What are dikaryotic hyphae?
Hyphae with two haploid nuclei per cell
How are the dikaryotic hyphae formed?
During plasogomy without karyogamy
Why is a dominant sporophyte generation advantageous?
The increased size leads to a greater ability to produce a large number of spores and increased dispersal capability
What is the most fundamental difference between a heteropsoprous plant and a homosporous plant?
Heteropsoprous plants produce two sizes of spores and homosporous only produce one
