Exam 3 Flashcards
Nucleotide sequence that makes.... Beginning of transcription: End of transcription: Beginning of translation: End of translation:
Promoter
Terminator
AUD start codon
UAA, UAG, UGA Stop codon
!!!!!!!! 3 ways which pre-mRNA (primary transcript) is modified during RNA processing (post-transcriptional modification) in eukaryotes:
- 5’ cap
- 3’ poly A tail
- Intron removal
Genetic code is said to be ______ because multiple codons sometimes code for same amino acid to be incorporated into growing polypeptide.
Redundant
Genetic code is not ______ because a codon for only one type of amino acid to be incorporated into a growing polypeptide
Ambiguous
3 structures/molecules that pass through nuclear pores and indicate direction they move (in/out of cell)
- DNA, in cell
- ribosomes, out
- mRNA, out
The ______ is the region inside the nucleus where ribosomes are assembled
Nucleoli
4 membrane-bound organelles of Eukaryotic cells:
- ER
- Golgi apparatus
- mitochondria
2 structures/organelles found in plant cells that are not found in animal cells:
- cell wall
- chloroplasts
_______ are molecules composed of oligosaccharides covalently bounded to a polypeptide
Glycoproteins
The major molecules that make up the cell wall of:
Bacteria
Plants
Fungi
Bacteria- peptidogylcan
Plants- cellulose
Fungi- chitin
A segment of RNA that isn’t represented by amino acids in polypeptide
intron
Bacteria carries out what processes?
DNA replication
Transcription
Translation
(NOT INTRON REMOVAL)
T or f.
Ligase is not involved in translation
T
a change in DNA nucleotide sequence that leads to translation terminating prematurely:
Nonsense
A change in DNA nucleotide sequence that leads to incorrect amino acid into polypeptide:
Misense
