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General Psychology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Health Psychology

A

integrates psychology with medicine

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2
Q

Stress

A

tension, discomfort and physical symptoms when a situation strains

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3
Q

Stress Response

A

fight or flight (physical and psychological) mobilizes to fight or leave

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4
Q

Holmes and Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale

A

score for each life event added together to equal a stress score of life

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5
Q

Hassles

A

minor annoyance/nuisance that strains our ability to cope

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6
Q

General Adaptation Syndrome

A

Hans Selye
stress response system
Alarm, Resistance and Exhaustion

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7
Q

Alarm Phase

A

excites the autonomic nervous system and releases adrenaline and produces physical symptoms of anxiety

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8
Q

Resistance Phase

A

adapt to stressor and find ways to cope

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9
Q

Exhaustion Phase

A

damage to organs, depression and anxiety, immune system breakdown

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10
Q

Sleep

A

7-10 hours for an adult, 60% get less

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11
Q

REM Sleep

A

brain most active, vivid dreaming

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12
Q

Interpreting Dreams (Sigmund Freud)

A

1900 book, manifest and latent content

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13
Q

Manifest Content

A

details of the dream

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14
Q

Latent Content

A

the true meaning of the dream

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15
Q

Activation-Synthesis Hypothesis

A

Hobson, McCarley. dreams reflect brain activation in the pons during sleep while the cortex weaves it into a story

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16
Q

Sleep Disorders

A

30-50% of people have one

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17
Q

Narcolepsy

A

rapid and unexpected onset of sleep

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18
Q

Insomnia

A

difficulty falling or staying asleep

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19
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

blockage of the airways during sleep

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20
Q

Need-To-Belong Theory

A

biological need for interpersonal interactions

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21
Q

Attribution

A

process of assigning causes to behavior

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22
Q

Internal Attributions (Dispositional)

A

enduring characteristics, personality, attitude, intelligence, ext.

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23
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error

A

tendency to over estimate the impact of internal forces on other’s behavior

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24
Q

Conformity

A

tendency to alter beliefs as a result of group pressure

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25
Q

Asch’s Studies

A

wrong sized line in a group setting, everyone said the wrong line, and tested to see it the “subject” would conform to the groups view

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26
Q

Obedience

A

following the instruction of someone with more authority

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27
Q

Milgram’s Studies

A

fake shock to a person delivered by a subject under pressure

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28
Q

Deindividuation

A

tendency to engage in uncharacteristic behavior when stripped of their usual identities

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29
Q

Stanford Prison Experiment (Zimbardo)

A

2 weeks of guards and prisoners, ended 8 days early

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30
Q

Prosocial Behavior

A

behavior intended to help others

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31
Q

Altruism

A

helping others for unselfish reasons

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32
Q

Bystander Effect

A

less likely to offer aide when others are around

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33
Q

Diffusion of Responsibility

A

not responsible if other people are around

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34
Q

Why we help or not…?

A

do you know they bystander effect? people who are extraverted or a medical worker are more likely to help

35
Q

Attitude

A

behavior plus an emotional component

36
Q

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

A

unpleasant mental tension resulting from 2 conflicting beliefs

37
Q

Groupthink

A

emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinking and good decision making

38
Q

Prejudice

A

drawing conclusions prior to evaluating any evidence

39
Q

Ingroup Prejudice

A

favor those in our group over those out of it

40
Q

Outgroup Prejudice

A

all those in the outgroup are similar

41
Q

Discrimination

A

negative behavior towards those in the outgroup

42
Q

Sterotypes

A

belief that a characteristic is present in all members of a group

43
Q

Personality

A

stable tendency’s that influence how we respond to our environment

44
Q

Twin Studies

A

identical twins are much closer to each other than fraternal twins, same if they were raised together or apart

45
Q

Personality Traits

A

relatively enduring predisposition that influences our behavior

46
Q

The Big Five

A

5 most common traits of personality

47
Q

OCEAN

A 
openness to experiences
conscientiousness
extraversion
agreeableness
neuroticism
48
Q

Psychic Determinism

A

the assumption that all psychological events have cause

49
Q

Id

A

most primitive impulses, sex/aggression

50
Q

Ego

A

executive/principal decision maker

51
Q

Superego

A

sense of morality

52
Q

Conscious

A

contact with the outside world

53
Q

Unconscious

A

difficult to retrieve, below the surface of consciousness

54
Q

Defense Mechanism

A

unconscious maneuver intended to minimize anxiety

55
Q

Repression

A

motivated forgetting of emotionally threatening memories and impulses

56
Q

Denial

A

motivated forgetting of experiences

57
Q

Projection

A

unconscious attribution of our negative qualities to others

58
Q

Rationalization

A

reasonably sounding explanation for unreasonable behavior

59
Q

Social Learning View of Personality

A

thinking is the cause of our personality

60
Q

Locus of Control

A

reinforcers and punishers that lay inside and outside our control

61
Q

Internal Locus of Control

A

life events happen due to our action

62
Q

External Locus of Control

A

life events happen due to chance or fate

63
Q

Humanistic Psychology

A

believes in free will

64
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

bottom needs need to be fulfilled before any higher needs can be

65
Q

Self Actualization

A

drive to achieve ones fullest potential

66
Q

Carl Rogers

A

humanistic theorist 1902-1987

67
Q

Conditions of Worth

A

expectations of ourselves for appropriate and inappropriate behavior

68
Q

Statistical Rarity of Mental Illness

A

schizophrenia is uncommon while things like depression are common, so it is hard to tell

69
Q

Subjective Distress

A

some but not all mental illnesses show distress

70
Q

Impairment

A

most interfere with some day to day activities to some degree

71
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A

continual worry, anxiety, physical tension and irritability

72
Q

Panic Disorder

A

repeated and unexpected attacks marked by constant concerns about the future

73
Q

Agoraphobia

A

fear of a situation where escape would be difficult or embarrassing

74
Q

Phobia

A

intense fear that’s greatly out of proportion to the actual threat

75
Q

Social Phobia

A

fear of public appearances where embarrassment is possible

76
Q

Claustrophobia

A

fear of no escape or small spaces

77
Q

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A

at least one hour per day repeated and lengthy obsessions of compulsions

78
Q

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

A

emotional disturbances after severely stressful event

79
Q

Major Depressive Disorder

A

weight loss, sleep loss, depressed mood and diminished interest in pleasurable activities

80
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

at least one manic episode and 90% have another

81
Q

Schizophrenia

A

disorder of thoughts and emotions because of loss of reality

82
Q

Delusions

A

strong fixed beliefs with no basis in reality

83
Q

Hallucinations

A

sensory perception with no external stimuli

84
Q

Disorganized Speech

A

skips topics disjointly, word salad

General Psychology (3 decks)

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