Exam 3 Flashcards
What does an autoimmune illness do
Causes the body’s immune system to attack normal tissues in the body
When do pain and illness increase
In cold, damp weather
What are signs and symptoms of osteoporosis
Low back pain, stooped posture, becoming shorter over time, and fractures
What is part of cast care
Elevating the extremity in the cast
What is true of phantom limb pain
The pain or sensation is real
What could cause phantom limb pain
Various things including remaining damaged nerve endings
What should an NA do if they know a resident is taking herbs or supplements
Report it to the nurse because they can interact with certain medications
When assisting a CVA patient with transfers or walking, what should an NA do
Stand on the weaker side and support the weaker side
What is true of spinal injuries
The higher the injury on the spinal cord, the greater the loss of function
What can be done to reduce the swelling in feet and ankles of CHF patients
Apply antiembolic stockings as ordered
What can help CHF patients with trouble breathing
Keeping the head of the bed elevated
What is the most common form of diabetes
Type 2 - Body doesnt produce enough insulin or doesn’t properly use it (develops over time)
What can cause leg and foot ulcers in diabetic residents
Poor circulation and imparied wound healing
What are some severe side effects of chemotherapy
Nausea, vomiting, mouth sores, diarrhea, temporary hair loss, fatigue, weakness, anxiety, depression, and decreased resistance to infection
How should an NA respond when a resident with cancer wants to share feelings or experiences
Listen
How can an NA help a resident with cancer manage their pain
Help with comfort measures, like repositioning, and provide distractions like conversation, music, and/or reading materials
What should an NA not do with areas of the body undergoing radiation therapy
Apply lotion
What is important for NAs to do for residents with cancer
Help them brush their teeth regularly
What is cognition
The ability to think logically and clearly
What happens to cognition as a person ages
Some of it may be lost
What can NAs do with elderly residents losing their memories of recent events
Help encourage them to make lists of things to remember and write down names, events, and phone numbers
What is one common cause of confusion
Dehydration
What should an NA do with a confused resident
Remain calm and provide a quiet environment
What is dementia
A general term referring to a serious loss of mental abilities like thinking, remembering, reasoning, and communicating
Which skills do dementia patients usually retain longer
Skills that they’ve used often over a lifetime
How can NAs help communicate with residents with Alzheimer’s
Using signs, pictures, gestures, or written words
How can an NA show care and concern when written or spoken words become more difficult
Smiling, touching, and hugging
What will be understood after speaking abilities decline
Touch, smiles, and laughter
What should an NA do if a resident is agitated
Try to remove triggers, keep a routine, and avoid frustration
When using validation therapy, what should an NA not do
Attempt to reorient the resident to actual circumstances
What can cause mental health disorders
Substance abuse, chemical imbalance, and traumatic brain injury
How should an NA communciate with a resident with mental health disorders
Maintain eye contact and listen carefully
What are defense mechanisms
Unconcious behaviors used to release tension or cope with stress
What is regression
Going back to an old, usually immature behavior (like throwing a temper tantrum as an adult)
What should NAs do when setbacks occur in restorative care
Reassure residents that setbacks are normal
What should NAs observe and report when giving restorative care
Signs of depression or mood changes
What should NAs do when a resident is using an ambulatory aid
Stay nearby to ensure they’re using the device safely
What is true of residents usuing ambulatory aids
Canes, walkers, boots, crutches, etc., can make residents off-balance
When are passive range of motion exercises used
When residents are not able to move on their own
What does PROM stand for
Passive range of motion
What is abduction
Moving a body part away from the midline of the body
What is true of people in subacute care
They require more treatment, monitoring, and services than regular long-term care provides
What should NAs do for preoperative care
Measure and record vital signs as ordered
What should NAs do for postoperative care
Measure and record vital signs after surgery as directed and report any changes immediately
How should an NA communicate with a resident with an artificial airway
Use other methods of communication like writing notes, drawing pictures, and using communication boards while looking out for hand and eye signals
What does suctioning do
Removes mucus and secretions from the lungs when a person cannot do this on their own
What sign of respiratory distress should immediately be reported to the nurse
Elevated respiratory rate
What does bargaining look like for someone who begin to believe they are dying
They may make promises to God or a higher power, care providers, or others. They may somehow try to bargain for their recovery.
What is the barganing stage of grief also called
The “Yes me, but…” stage
What does anger look like when grieving
Though hard to admit, many people feel angry after a death
What can affect a person’s experience with death
Their religious practices and beliefs
What is one of the dying person’s rights
To have their questions answered honestly
What is hospice care
Speical care that a dying person needs
What is paliative care
Care provided for people who are dying that emphasizes relieving pain, controlling symptoms, and preventing side effects and complications
What are the goals of hospice care
Comfort and dignity for the resident
What is a common sign of approachign death
Decreasing blood pressure
What might an employer require a new employee to complete
A criminal background check
What should an interviewee do at an interview
Arrive 10 or 15 minutes early and not bring friends or children inside with them
What does a job description provide
Protection for an employee and employer
Where might an NA recieve hostile criticism from
Residents, family members, or others
What should an NA say if they recieve hostile criticism
“I’m sorry you are so disappointed,” and nothing more
