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CNA Training > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What should an NA do when a resident is first admitted

A

Prepare the room for the resident so that they feel expected and welcome

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2
Q

How should an NA introduce themselves to a new resident

A

Smile and be friendly

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3
Q

How should an NA handle a resident’s personal items

A

With care and respect

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4
Q

What is another step in the admission process that an NA needs to do

A

Measure the resident’s baseline vital signs

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5
Q

What are baseline signs

A

Initial values that can then be compared to future measurements

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6
Q

How can a resident’s height be measured

A

Using a tape measure, make two pencil marks on the sheet under the resident, one at the top of the head, and one at the feet, and measure the distance between them

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7
Q

What can an NA help a resident with before a transfer

A

Packing the resident’s personal items

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8
Q

What can an NA do to ease the worry of a resident who is leaving

A

Be positive and reassuring, reminding residents that the doctors believed they were ready to leave

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9
Q

What is crucial for NAs to do in a standard resident unit

A

Ensure that the call light is within reach of the resident’s stronger hand and be able to answer all call lights immediately

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10
Q

Why is sleep important for residents

A

When a person is sleep-deprived or suffers from insomnia or other sleep disorders, problems result

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11
Q

What is insomnia

A

The inability to fall asleep or remain asleep

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12
Q

What problems can result from sleep deprivation, insomnia, or other sleep disorders

A

Decreased mental function, reduced reaction time, and irritability

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13
Q

When should linens be changed

A

After personal care procedures like bed baths, or any time any bedding is damp, soiled, or in need of straightening

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14
Q

How should linen be removed

A

By folding or rolling it up so that the dirtiest area is inside to lessen contamination

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15
Q

Residents may or may not be able to care for themselves. What is it important for NAs to do

A

Help residents be as independent as possible

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16
Q

What is true of all people who have cared for themselves in the past

A

They have routines for personal care and activities of daily living. They also have preferences for how they are done

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17
Q

What is true of residents with restricted mobility

A

They are at an increased risk of skin deterioration at pressure points

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18
Q

What does immobility do

A

Reduces the amount of blood that circulates to the skin

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19
Q

What is true of pressure infections

A

They can lead to life-threatening infections

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20
Q

What is the purpose of bed cradles or foot cradles

A

They keep the bed covers from resting on residents’ legs and feet

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21
Q

What should NAs not do in terms of fingernail care

A

They shouldn’t cut or trim a resident’s fingernails or toenails unless allowed or directed to do so

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22
Q

What is the name for the side of the body that may have been impacted by a stroke or injury

A

Weaker, affected, or involved side

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23
Q

What is oral care

A

Care of the mouth, teeth, and gums

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24
Q

How often should oral care be done

A

At least twice every day –> After breakfast and after the last meal or snack of the day

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25
Q

What helps prevent aspiration during oral care

A

Turning a resident on their side

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26
Q

What should be use to clean the mouth during oral care

A

Only swabs soaked in tiny amounts of fluid

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27
Q

Where should dentures be placed after cleaning

A

Completely submerged in a clean, labeled denture cup with solution or moderate/cool water

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28
Q

What should a denture cup be labeled with

A

The resident’s name and room number

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29
Q

What is the normal adult mouth temperature range

A

97.6 - 99.6

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30
Q

What is the normal pulse rate for adults

A

60-100 beats per minute

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31
Q

What is the normal respiratory rate for adults

A

12-20 respirations per minute

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32
Q

What is the normal range for adult systolic blood pressure

A

90-119 mmHg

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33
Q

What is the normal range for adult diastolic blood pressure

A

60-79 mmHg

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34
Q

What is considered the most accurate temperature reading

A

A rectal temp

35
Q

What is considered the least accurate temperature reading

A

An axillary temp

36
Q

Who should an oral temperature not be measured on

A

A confused or disoriented resident

37
Q

What is the most common site for monitoring the pulse

A

The radial pulse on the inside of the wrist, where the radial artery runs just beneath the skin

38
Q

What is a stethoscope

A

An instrument designed to listen to sounds within the body, such as the heart beating or air moving through the lungs

39
Q

What is the name for sounds within the body

A

Ausculation

40
Q

Where is the apical pulse

A

On the left side of the chest, just below the nipple

41
Q

What should be done after measuring apical pulse

A

Immediately record pulse rate, date, time, and method used (apical) as well as any irregularities in rhythm

42
Q

When is the respiratory rate usually counted and why

A

Directly after counting the pulse rate because people tend to breath quicker if they know they’re being observed

43
Q

What is another word for high blood pressure

A

Hypertension

44
Q

What is high blood pressure

A

Elevated systolic and/or diastolic blood pressures

45
Q

Is pain the same for everyone

A

No. Pain is a personal experience which is different for each person

46
Q

What should an NA do with IV lines

A

Report and document any observations of changes or problems with the line. They should never insert, remove, or care for the IV line or site

47
Q

What is an oxygen concentrator

A

A box-like device that changes air in the room into the air with more oxygen

48
Q

What does a healthy diet do

A

Promotes the healing of wounds

49
Q

What is the most essential nutrient for life

A

Water, which is needed by every cell in the body

50
Q

What is a good source of calcium without added saturated fat

A

Low-fat milk or yogurt

51
Q

What is the purpose of a high-residue diet

A

To help with constipation and bowel disorders

52
Q

What is another term for a high-residue diet

A

A high-fiber diet

53
Q

What types of food and liquids should be consumed by residents with swallowing problems

A

Thickened liquids and foods with a modified texture

54
Q

Do residents have to wear a clothing protector

A

No, they have the right to refuse one, and their wishes should be respected

55
Q

What is the ideal position for a resident to eat in

A

WIth the head of the bed raised so the resident is sitting in an upright sitting position (at 90 degree angle)

56
Q

What is one sign/symptom of a swallowing problem

A

Watering of the eyes when eating or drinking

57
Q

What is the general recommendation for daily fluid intake

A

64 fluid ounces (8 8-ounce glasses)

58
Q

What is fluid balance

A

Maintaining equal input and output, or taking in and eliminating equal amounts of fluid

59
Q

What is the conversion for ounces to mL

A

1 oz = 30 mL

60
Q

What does NPO mean

A

Nothing by mouth (food or drink)

61
Q

How many mL is in 8 oz

A

240

62
Q

What is a good guideline to prevent dehydration

A

Encourage residents to drink every time you see them

63
Q

What does offering fresh fluids do

A

Help prevent dehydration and promote health

64
Q

Should NAs force fluids

A

No, but they should encourage them

65
Q

What is the normal color of urine

A

Light, pale yellow, or amber

66
Q

What are the traits of normal urine

A

It should be clear or transparent when freshly voided and have a faint smell

67
Q

What psychological factors can affect urination

A

Lack of privacy, new environments, stress, anxiety, and depression

68
Q

What is a fracture pan used for

A

Residents who can’t assist with raising their hips into a regular bedpan

69
Q

How should a standard bedpan be positioned

A

With the wider end aligned with the resident’s buttocks

70
Q

How should a fracture pan be positioned

A

With the handle toward the foot of the bed

71
Q

What is urinary icontinence

A

The inability to control the bladder, which leads to an involuntary loss of urine

72
Q

When can urinary incontinence occur

A

In residents who are confined to the bed, ill, elderly, paralyzed, or who have circulatory or nervous system diseases or injuries

73
Q

How should females be wiped after elimination to prevent UTIs

A

From front to back

74
Q

What is another term for the clean-catch specimen

A

The midstream specimen (CCMS)

75
Q

What is a clean-catch specimen

A

It doesn’t include the first or last urine voided in the sample to reduce contamination of the specimen

76
Q

What natural things can make stool red

A

Red food coloring, beets, and tomato juice

77
Q

What are signs of constipation

A

Abdominal swelling, gas, irritability, and no recent bowel movement

78
Q

How can diarrhea be treated

A

With the BRAT diet

79
Q

What is the BRAT diet

A

Bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast

80
Q

How long should a resident wait after eating before lying down

A

Two to three hours

81
Q

What is an important step in collecting a stool specimen

A

When the resident is ready to move their bowels, ask them not to urinate at the same time and not to put toilet paper in the sample

82
Q

What does occult mean

A

Something that is hidden or difficult to see or observe

83
Q

When should an NA report a pulse-ox reading to the nurse

A

When it is below 90 (89 or below)

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