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PSY 100: General Psychology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

U4: Personality, Social Psychology, and Memory

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1
Q

Personality

A

our characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.

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2
Q

Trait Theory

A

everyone has all of the traits, everyone just differs in how much they have of each one.

allows for diversity.

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3
Q

Type Theory

A

There are a set types of traits, usually the ones used in personality tests.

does not allow for diversity, puts people in boxes.

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4
Q

Four Humors

A

based on the levels of the 4 fluids in the body.

controls temperment.

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5
Q

Freud Theory of Personality

A

personality comes from the conflict between id, ego, and superego.

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6
Q

Id

A

unconcious thoughts, impulsiveness, animal nature.

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7
Q

Ego

A

concious thoughts, beliefs, between id and superego.

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8
Q

Superego

A

preconcious thoughts, ideals and morality.

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9
Q

What are the big 5 personality traits?

A

openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

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10
Q

Openness

A

intellectual curiosity, fantasy things.

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11
Q

Conscientiousness

A

organized, planned, focused on details.

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12
Q

Extraversion

A

social, higher energy.

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13
Q

Agreeableness

A

people pleaser, follower.

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14
Q

Neuroticism

A

anxious, depressed.

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15
Q

Reciprocal Determinism

A

personal factors influence environmental factors influence behaviors.

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16
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

self actualization, meet your basic need first before building relationships, learning new things, etc.

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17
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error

A

tendency to make dispositional attribution, often forget about situational factors.

person that cuts you off is an asshole.

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18
Q

Dispositional Attribution

A

attributing someones action to who they are.

people think your weak bc you cant lift a heavy weight but its because you are hurt.

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19
Q

Situational Attribution

A

attributing someones situation they are in to how they are acting.

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20
Q

Cognitive Dissonance

A

values/beliefs don’t match with your actions/behavior.

  • buying things on amazon.*
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21
Q

Milgram’s Obedience to Authority Study

A

subject shocks someone, authority figure tells them to continue, when authority figures tell them to do something, they will follow to be obedient.

lab coat.

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22
Q

Asch’s Conformity Study

A

how people follow if they are the odd one out, the line test.

23
Q

Normative Social Influence

A

want to be seen as normal, people to like you, don’t stand out.

24
Q

Informative Social Influence

A

do other people have more information than me? they know more, or something extra ab study.

25
Q

Jane Elliot’s Blue-Eyes, Brown-Eyed Experiment

A

set up how discrimination happened so quickly, put blue eyes as worse and brown eyes as better, see them bullying blue eyes.

26
Q

Social Identity Theory

A

large part of our identity is based on our involvement in certain groups.

27
Q

Prejudice

A

composed of 3 factors: negative emotions, stereotypes (beliefs about groups of people), discrimination (actions you take).

28
Q

Sternberg’s Triangulate Theory of Love

A

Passion, Companionship, Commitment, Intimacy, Romantic, consumate = all 3.

29
Q

Explicit Prejudice

A

prejudices you know about.

“I am a Nazi and its cool.”

30
Q

Implicit Prejudice

A

Prejudices we don’t realize we have. “your so smart for an immigrant.”

“your so smart for an immigrant.”

31
Q

Stereotype

A

believing all people in a certain group are a certain way.

32
Q

Discrimination

A

acts of negativity towards members of a group.

not letting certain people in a room.

33
Q

Just-World Phenomenon

A

what causes prejudice, assume the world is fair and anything happening to someone is their fault, you get what you deserve.

34
Q

Ingroup/Outgroup Bias

A

what causes prejudice, us vs. them.

35
Q

Bystander Effect

A

all these people around, you think someone else will help someone in need.

36
Q

Social Exchange Theory

A

the reason we help someone is because we will gain something, they owe us.

37
Q

Reciprocity Norm

A

help people who help us, or the idea they will help in the future.

38
Q

Social-Responsibility Norm

A

thinking we should help people because its our responsibility to do so.

39
Q

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

A

thinking something will happen, and acting in a way to make it happen.

40
Q

Superordinate Goals

A

something that helps create positive relationships, only achieved through cooperation.

41
Q

Repression

A

memories stores you don’t know about.

42
Q

Three-Step Memory Model

A

sensory memory > short term/working memory > long term memory

43
Q

Sensory Memories

A

super brief, long enough for us to process the information in the moment.

44
Q

Short-Term/Working Memory

A

memories lasting minutes to a few days, what we actively manipulate.

45
Q

Long-Term Memory

A

theoretically limitless capacity.

46
Q

What did personality psychology used to be focused on, and what is it focused on now?

A

used to be focused on explaining personality, now focused on describing it.

47
Q

What largely determines personality and temperament?

A

genetics.

48
Q

What are the two types of personality tests?

A

objective and projective.

49
Q

What factors increase your odds of helping someone?

A

not busy, not a lot of people around, similar to use, if they deserve it, if we are in a good mood.

50
Q

What factors are correlated with longer-lasting relationships?

A

similarities, 5 to 1 ratio of+- to - interactions, positive supporter, + division of labor.

51
Q

What increases our odds of being attracted to someone?

A

proximity, similarities.

52
Q

What leads to prejudice?

A

just world phenomenon, ingroup/outgroup bias.

53
Q

Are repressed memories real? Do we have much evidence for repressed memories?

A

no, but we can forget things on purpose, dissociate.

54
Q

How do we measure retention of memory?

A

relearning, recall, and recognition.

PSY 100: General Psychology (5 decks)

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