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Community Health Nursing > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Ability to enter and multiply in a host

A

Infectivity

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2
Q

Degree to which a pathogen debilitates its host, the ability to produce a specific clinical reaction after infection occurs

A

Pathogenicity

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3
Q

Ability to produce a severe pathological reaction or cause disease

A

Virulence

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4
Q

Ability to produce a poisonous reaction

A

Toxicity

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5
Q

Ability to penetrate and spread throughout a tissue

A

Invasiveness

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6
Q

Ability to stimulate an immunological response, produce antibodies in the host

A

Antigenicity

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7
Q

Infected with agent but no sign of disease

A

Colonization

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8
Q

Infected but has not yet shown signs of the disease

A

Incubating carrier

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9
Q

Infected but does not develop the disease, yet continues to shed the agent

A

Inapparent carrier

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10
Q

Infected but no longer shows signs of acute disease

A

Convalescent carrier

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11
Q

Infected with the agent with no sign of disease for a long period of time

A

Chronic carrier

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12
Q

Usually insects that carry disease from reservoir to humans

A

Vectors

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13
Q

An inanimate object (ex: doorknobs, tools, beddings, stair rails)

A

Fomite

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14
Q

Particles transmitted by air via droplets or particles (ex: measles, chickenpox, TB, pertussis, influenza, SARS)

A

Airborne

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15
Q

Passing from parent to offspring via sperm, placenta, milk, or contact in the vaginal canal at birth

A

Vertical transmission

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16
Q

Person to person spread of infection through one or more of the following four routes: direct/indirect contact, common vehicle, airborne, or vector borne

A

Horizontal transmission

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17
Q

Skin, sexual, person to person

A

Direct contact

18
Q

Fomites, waterborne, airborne, aerosol, transfusions/injections

A

Indirect contact

19
Q

Transportation of the infectious agent from an infected host to a susceptible host via food, water, milk, blood, serum, saliva, or plasma

A

Common vehicle

20
Q

Arthropods, such as ticks and mosquitoes, or other invertebrates, such as snails, that transmit the infectious agent by bitting or depositing the infective material near the host

A

Vector transmission

21
Q

Vertically from mother to fetus, horizontally by contact with blood or secretions during sexual activity, vector transmission through mosquito bite

A

Zika

22
Q

Entry, development, multiplication of the infectious agent in the susceptible host

A

Infection

23
Q

Possible outcome of infection; physiological dysfunction or pathological reaction

A

Disease

24
Q

Time interval between invasion by infectious agent and first appearance of signs and symptoms of the disease

A

Incubation period

25
Q

Interval which an infectious agent may be transferred directly or indirectly from infected person to another person

A

Communicable period

26
Q

Resists disease without antibodies; inherited or acquired

A

Inherent resistance

27
Q

Host carries antibodies to the agent in the blood

A

Humoral

28
Q

Specific to each type of cell

A

Cellular immunity

29
Q

Transferred from one individual to another

A

Passive immunity

30
Q

Transfer of antibodies and can be done in various forms, or from mother to child

A

Artificial passive immunity

31
Q

Acquired through exposure to the agent

A

Active/natural immunity

32
Q

Protection due to the immunity of most community members making exposure unlikely

A

Herd immunity

33
Q

Measure of potential ability of an infected host to transmit the infection to other hosts

A

Infectiousness

34
Q

Geology, climate, habitat

A

Physical

35
Q

Human population, flora, fauna

A

Biological

36
Q

Occupation, urbanization (ex: crowding, tension)

A

Socioeconomic

37
Q

Facilitate the spread of diseases

A

Disasters

38
Q

One that has appeared in a population for the first time, or that may have existed previously but is rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range

A

Emerging disease

39
Q

Intense excitement and concern for survival, rush of assistance from the outside

A

Heroic phase

40
Q

Affected begin to bond and relive their experiences

A

Honeymoon phase

41
Q

Responders can experience depression and exhaustion, delays in receiving aid

A

Disillusionment phase

42
Q

Adjusting to a new reality and continued rebuilding of the area; counseling; when people can start being able to look forward; can take up to a year to get to; Some people may never rebuild and will have to move away and move on

A

Reconstruction phase

Community Health Nursing (3 decks)

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