Exam 2 Flashcards
Influencing others (politics) to adopt a specific course of action (policy) to solve a societal problem
Advocacy
Policies that are specifically intended to direct or influence actions, behaviors, or decisions that influence the health of population
Public health policy
Provides payment for hospital care; long term care; and pharmaceutical, physician, and other services to individuals 65 and older, and specified groups of people with disabilities under 65 including individuals with end stage renal disease
Medicare
Provides financial assistance to states and countries for low income families with dependent children, low income older adults, and disabled individuals
Medicaid
Provide direct health services to certain individuals and groups (ex: military, certain veterans, and federal prisoners)
Direct services
Pay for some health care services for training some health care personnel for biomedical and health care research (ex: Medicare, Medicaid, Nursing Education Grants, National Institute of Nursing Research)
Financing
Collect, analyze, and disseminate data about health care and health status of citizens (ex: annual report)
Information
Provides supplemental foods, health care referrals, and nutrition education for low income pregnant, breastfeeding, and non breastfeeding postpartum women, and to infants and children up to age 5 who are found to be at nutritional risk
WIC
Routine checkups, immunizations, doctor visits, prescriptions, dental and vision care, inpatient and outpatient hospital care, lab and x-ray services, emergency services
SCHIP (State Children’s Health Insurance Program)
Responsibilities vary depending on the locality and are responsible for implementing and enforcing local, state, and federal public health codes and ordinances and providing essential public health programs to a community. Goal is to safeguard the public’s health to improve the community’s health status
Local health department
Responsible for monitoring health status and enforcing laws and regulations that protect and improve the public’s health. Distribute federal and state funds to local public health agencies to implement programs at the community level
State health department
Develop regulations that implement policies formulated by Congress and provide a significant amount of funding to state and territorial health agencies to:
Provide public health services
Survey the nation’s health status and health needs
Set practice and standards
Provide expertise that facilitates evidence based practices
Coordinate public health activities that cross state lines
Support health services research
Federal health department
Advocate, legislation, case manager, referral source
Assessment of literacy, educator, direct primary caregivers
Ensuring direct care services are available for at risk populations
Disaster management, communicable disease control
Levels of prevention
Public health nurses
Operated by state health agency or state board of health
PH functions under this agency
Five states use this method
Centralized public health department
Operated by local government
No board of health
27 states use this method
Decentralized public health department
Operated under the shared authority of:
State health agency
Board of health
Local government
16 states use this system
Shared or mixed system
Fairness, making sure people get access to the same opportunities
Equity
Sameness, promotes fairness and justice by giving everyone the same thing
Equality
Attainment of the highest level of health for all people
Achieving health equity requires valuing everyone equally with focused and ongoing societal efforts to address avoidable inequalities, historical and contemporary injustices, and the elimination of health and health care disparities
Health equity
Lack of access to health care
Health disparities
Strengthen economic supports to the families, change social norms to support parents and positive parenting, provide quality care and education early in life, etc
Reduce ACEs
Outcomes that improve population health, wellbeing, and equity by Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Where good health flourishes across geographic, demographic, and social sectors; where being healthy and staying health is an esteemed social values; and everyone has access to affordable, quality health care
Culture of health
Investigate potential exposures
Present work
Residence
Environmental concerns
Past work
Activities
Referrals and resources
Educate
IPREPARE
A systematic process to identify environmental health risks and create a practical action plan to address key environmental health issues within a target population
Environmental health assessment
Outlines the health risks associated with exposure to environmental contaminants at a site and provides the justification for taking action to remediate or remove the contamination
Environmental risk assessment
Shift to e-records to avoid paper, recycle, promote minimal packaging, and green wrappers
Go fragrance free, turn off equipment not used, report dysfunctional plumbing
Promote local sustainable foods (organic), start a green team, education
Create community
How to reduce environmental health risks
Regulatory body
Performs environmental assessments, performs research, educates
Sets and enforces national environmental standards
Environment protection agency
Fair distributions of environmental burdens. Fair application of environmental laws, policies, and regulations regardless of race, color, national origin, or income
Environmental justice
Working at individual, community, institutional, and governmental level to ensure energy conserving policies and practices
Mitigation
Public health nurses must be prepared for increased fire and storm related disasters
Response
Motor vehicle crashes, drowning, burns, falls
Unintentional injuries
Suicide, homicide
Intentional injuries
Behavioral factors, environmental factors, socioeconomic factors
Risk factors for injuries
Suicide, cutting/self mutilation
Self inflicted violence
Family, community, acquaintance, stranger
Interpersonal violence
Groups engage in types of violence
Nations, communities, gangs
Collective violence
Teach safe and health relationship skills
Engage influential adults and peers
Disrupt the developmental pathways toward partner violence
Create protective environments
Strengthen economic supports for families
Support survivors to increase safety and lessen harm
Child abuse and intimate partner violence (IPV)
