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Env. Biology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Acid Deposition

A

emission of sulfur and nitrogen dioxide
When sulfur Dioxide is
Deadly if inhaled a high dose

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2
Q

Aquifer

A

a body of rock that holds groundwater: precipitation that has infiltrated the soil.

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3
Q

Artesian Well

A

brings groundwater to the surface

above the top of the artesian aquifer but below the land surface.

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4
Q

Biological Magnification

A

a trophic process in which retained substances become more concentrated with each link in the food chain

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5
Q

BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand)

A

indicates the amount of oxygen that bacteria uses in the water over a specified time
main organism is ecolii
uses the oxygen, red-dye, stinks.

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6
Q

Carbon Dioxide

A

linked to global warming
traps infrared radiation from leaving

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7
Q

Catalytic Converter

A

used to remove hydrocarbon emissions particle VOC from exhaust

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8
Q

CFC’s (Chlorofluorocarbons)

A

used as a refrigerant
destroys ozone
destoyed in the atmosphere
banned

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9
Q

Confined Aquifer

A

directly recharged by precipitation in the area where the aquifer crops out.

below the unconfined layer, solid rock, artesian etc.

overlined by an impermeable or low permeable layer

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10
Q

DDT

A

Biomagnification pyramid
DDT prime suspect
runs through food chain

Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
organic compound containing Chlorine

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11
Q

Desalination

A

most common is reverse osmosis: forces water through a permeable membrane and salt stays behind.

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12
Q

Eutrophic

A

become shallow over time
swamp like, algae grows on outer edge, typically deeper

slow-flowing stream, lake or estuary enriched by inorganic plant and algal nutrients such as phosphorus.
often due to fertilizer or sewage run off

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13
Q

Food Chain

A
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14
Q

Global Warming

A

sea levels are continously rising and glaziers reduced
changes in the precipitation pattern
coastal flooding

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15
Q

Greenhouse Effect

A

sunlight that hits the earth is reflected and some becomes heat, some go back to space, CO2 and other gases in the atmosphere trap heat keeping the earth warm

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16
Q

Groundwater

A

accumulates in
fossil water

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17
Q

High Heat Capacity

A

the ability of water to absorb or release lots of heat before its temperature will change

large bodies of water that have influence on the climate due to heat reservoirs and exchange

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18
Q

Hydrogen Bonds

A

an electromagnetic attraction
between hydrogen to small, but strong electronegative atom of a different molecule

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19
Q

Impermeable Rock/Clay Layer

A

a rock unable to be penetrated by any liquid or gas

prevents the passage of liquid or gas.

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20
Q

Infiltration

A

or percolation through soil and porous rock in the hydrolofic cycle

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21
Q

Micro- Irrigation

A

using black tubes/pipes that direct water to the roots
reduces 40-60% water.
less evaporation

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22
Q

Nitrogen Oxides

A

gases produced by the chemical interactions between atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen at high temp.

CONS:
greenhouses gases
difficulty breathing

23
Q

Non-Point Source Pollution

A

comes from many sources

enters bodies of water over large areas rather than being concentrated at a single point of entry

Diffuse, but effect is large
ex: runoff from agricultural fields or parking lots

24
Q

Oligotrophic

A

High oxygen
like lake tahoe

unenriched, clear water that supports small populations of aquatic organisms

Lake-
low nutrient levels
good light presentation
high dissolved oxygen
low algae growth
small fish

25
Q

Particulates

A

Thousands of different solid or liquid
particles suspended in air
** Includes: soil particles, soot, lead, asbestos, Includes: soil particles, soot, lead, asbestos,
sea salt, and sulfuric acid droplets, sea salt, and sulfuric acid droplets

26
Q

WCD: Movement in Air

A
27
Q

Photochemical Smog

A

type of air pollution combined by a mix of pollutants in the form of smoke and fog

comes from cars, factories, etc.

nitrogen oxide
ozone
VOC
Peroxycacyl nitrates

28
Q

Point Source

A

comes from a single smoke stack from a company
direct point water polution that can be traced to a specific origin

discharged via pipes, sewage, and ditches

29
Q

Primary Air Pollutants

A

sulfur oxide
harmful if inhaled directly
released directly into the atmosphere

30
Q

Primary Treatment

A

removes suspended and floating particles by mechanical processes

large particles and soil from water

31
Q

Radon Gas

A

comes from the breakdown of uranium
causes cancer

32
Q

Secondary Air Pollutants

A

formed in the atmosphere
interacting
sulfuric acid

33
Q

Secondary Treatment

A

treats wastewater biologically to decompose suspended organic material
reduces BOD

bacteria, to clean the water

34
Q

Sink Holes

A

rapid
Homes and people
disappear

35
Q

Stratospheric Ozone

A

good ozone
important as it ??
Essential component that screens out UV radiation in the upper atmosphere

Man made pollutants can destroy it

36
Q

Subsidence

A

slow
went taking groundwater

37
Q

Sulfur Dioxide

A

linked to acid rain when mixed with water

38
Q

The Aquifer Diagram

A
39
Q

The Water Cycle Diagram:

A
40
Q

Thermal Inversion

A

air near te ground colder than the air above it
causes gases to be trapped for several days

41
Q

Tropospheric Ozone

A

-bad ozone
Man Made pollutant in the lower atmosphere.
- Secondary air pollutant
- Component of photochemical smog

42
Q

Water

A

2 hydrogen 1 oxygen
solid, liquid, gas
high heat capacity
hydrogen positive
oxygen negative

43
Q

Water Pollution

A

when unfit por its intended use

venezuela, italy , india

44
Q

Water Table

A

the top of the region that is saturated with soil or completely filled with water.
Upper surface of the saturated zone

high in wet season low in dry season

45
Q

Water Table Well

A

human made hole that extend s down past the water table
unsaturated soil

46
Q

Water Use

A

agriculture major use of water in earth
west and southwest are the driest.

47
Q

WCD: Atmosphere

A

Oxygen or water vapor in the tropos to the atmosphere

48
Q

WCD: Evaporation

A

when it evaporates it moves from surface, ocean water and going into the atmosphere.

49
Q

WCD: Ocean

A

the highest amount but not portable drinkig water

50
Q

WCD: Percolation

A

through soil, streams, rivers, and lakes

51
Q

WCD: Run Off

A

directly into oceans or streams

52
Q

WCD: Surface Water

A
53
Q

WCD: Transpiration

A

Transpiration from vegetation when it comes from plants
only one plant that does not haves Scoma is a Lili pad.

54
Q

Side Notes

A

as population grow resources decline

Env. Biology (3 decks)

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