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Env. Biology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Fundamental Niche

A

theorotical perfect role or position that a species or organism could occupy in its environment.

Potential idealized ecological niche

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2
Q

Realized Niche

A

The niche the organism occupies.

theACTUAL role or position that a species or organism occupies and functions within its environment

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3
Q

Primary Succession

A

Starts from bare rock. EX: Lichen, Moss, Grass, Shrubs, Forests

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4
Q

Secondary Succession

A

Existing soil (Most common)

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5
Q

Ecology

A

(Eco) comes from the Greek word Oikos - The House.

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6
Q

Biome

A

Regional Eco

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7
Q

ECO: Community

A

association of different populations that interact in an ecosystem.
ex. Savannah

different species that interac

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8
Q

ECO: Biosphere

A

living sphere

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9
Q

Phytoplankton

A
  • plant like
  • photosynthesize
  • microscopic algae
  • base of food chain
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10
Q

Zooplankton

A
  • Animal like plankton
  • eats phytoplankton
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11
Q

Photosynthesis

A

green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy

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12
Q

Chemosynthesis

A

bacterir and archae algae’s
geothermal vents

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13
Q

Food Chains

A

In the flow of energy only 10% transfers and 90% is lost

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14
Q

Food Webs

A

Represents interlocking food chains that connect all organisms in an ecosystem

all the different animals and plants in a place are connected through who eats whom

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15
Q

Heat

A

Infrared radiation

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16
Q

Primary Consumers

A

herbivores
deers and rabbits

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17
Q

Secondary Consumers

A

Carnivores
Snakes and spiders

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18
Q

Decomposers / Saprotrophs

A

Fungi and bacteria

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19
Q

Producers

A

Uses photosynthesis to create their food.
Needs light energy, water, and carbon dioxide.

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20
Q

Consumers / Heterotrophs

A

consumes another organism.

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21
Q

Hydrothermal Vents

A

bacteria is found here.
emit extremely hot mineral water

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22
Q

Krakatoa

A

an existent primary succession example.
broken into tropical rainforest.

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23
Q

Keystone Species

A

A species that exerts profound influence on a community.

  • top of the food chain
    -more important to the community
    -Ex. Orca
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24
Q

Yellowstone

A

Idaho
Wyoming
Montana

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25
Q

Symbiosis

A

an intimate relationship between 2 or more species where the participants may be benefited, harmed, or unaffected by the relationship.
the result of coevolution

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26
Q

Mutualism

A

2 species working together, coevolution (evolve together), like the honeybee and a flowering plant

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27
Q

Parasitism

A

one organism is helped and the other hurt.

28
Q

Competitive Exclusion

A
  • One species excludes another from a portion of the same niche as a result of competition for resources.
  • Interspecific competition
  • One is outcompeting the other.
29
Q

Intraspecific

A

Competition between individuals in a population.
- same species

30
Q

Interspecific

A

Competition between individuals in 2 different species.
- different species

31
Q

TCC: Photosynthesis

A

comes from both aquatic and terrestrial algae

32
Q

TCC: Respiration

A

CO2 put into the atmosphere.

33
Q

TCC: Combustion

A

human or natural; natural > forest; fire in forest caused by lighting.
- can also put co2 in the atmosphere.

34
Q

TCC: Decomposition

A

can also put CO2 in the atmosphere

35
Q

TCC: Marine Plankton

A

comes from both coal and natural gas

36
Q

Bioluminescence

A

Used to…
Attract mates + food
Escape
communicate

37
Q

Tundra

A

Permafrost
Grey Wolf

38
Q

Taiga

A

Conifer - cone bearing

39
Q

Temperate Deciduous Forest

A

Oak, Hickory trees
Hartwood
North or Mid East

40
Q

Chaparral

A

Mediterranean Climate
Mild, Moist winters
Hot, dry summers
Mule, deer, chipmunks
evergreen shrubs
thin soil; often not fertile

Socal , Greece

41
Q

Savannah

A

Large mammal herds
herbivores

42
Q

Tropical Rain Forests

A

warm, moist
productive biome
ancient, weathered - poor soil
2 distinc canapy layers
insects, reptiles

43
Q

Estuaries

A

Where salt and fresh water meets

44
Q

Benthic Environment

A

bottom of the ocean

45
Q

Neritic Province

A

shallow, open ocean
200 meters or less

46
Q

Oceanic province

A

deep sea

47
Q

Coral Reef

A

has the highest species diversity

48
Q

Corals (from the movie)

A

mutualism between Nigerian pala and singe cell phytoplankton
- extremely aggressive
- eat each other at night

49
Q

Emerging Diseases

A

Not previously observed in humans and usually jumps from animal host.
ex. Aids, Lyme Disease, West Nile Virus

50
Q

Re-Emerging diseases

A

existed in the past and recently increasing in incidence.
ex. Tuberculosis, yellow fever, malaria

51
Q

Persistence

A

a characteristic of certain chemicals that are extremely stable and may take may years to be broken down into simpler forms by natural processes.
ex. DDT

52
Q

Bioaccumulation

A

The buildup of a persistent toxic substance in an organism body, often in fatty tissues.
- accumulates in body, moves through chains, and increase concentration.

53
Q

Biomagnification

A

The increased concentration of toxic chemicals in the tissue of organisms that are at higher levels in food webs.
- single chemicals moving through a chain
-diagram of ddt

54
Q

Endocrine Disruptors

A
  • Alters hormone production
  • Damages testosterone in males and progesterone in females
55
Q

Toxicant

A

Chemical with adverse human health effects
Adverse toxic response at a certain dose

56
Q

Carcinogen

A
  • Causes cancer
  • Not all synthetic; some biological
  • Damages DNA
57
Q

Synergistic Dilution Paradigm

A

The solution to pollution is dilution.

58
Q

Synergistic

A

Deadly; not necessarily carcinogenic

59
Q

Typhoon

A

The benefit of the reef; allows for diversity.

60
Q

Pipe Fish

A

Male hold unto its eggs till they hatch allowing for the female to create eggs twice as fast

61
Q

Largest fish in the ocean

A

Whale shark

62
Q

Decomposition of a whale…

A

Carcasses take many years to decompose.

63
Q

ECO: Population

A

individuals from the same species

64
Q

Pioneer Community

A

in Primary; Lichen

65
Q
A

Env. Biology (3 decks)

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