Exam 3

Question 1

Allele frequency

Answer 1

the proportion of a specific allele out of the total number of alleles in the gene pool

Question 2

Population genetics

Answer 2

Study relationship between allele frequencies and genotype frequencies

Question 3

Genotype frequency

Answer 3

number of individuals with a particular genotype divided by the total size of the population

Question 4

Population

Answer 4

a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed

Question 5

Individuals in a population

Answer 5

exchange genetic material

Question 6

geographically isolated

Answer 6

rarely exchange genetic material

Question 7

Gene pool

Answer 7

all copies of every allele at the loci of interest in all members of the population

Question 8

polymorphic

Answer 8

populations and gene pools with more than one allele

Question 9

monomorphic

Answer 9

populations and gene pools with only one allele. That allele is said to be fixed

Question 10

population are

Answer 10

the smallest unit of evolutionary

Question 11

Individual organisms do not evolve

Answer 11

populations do

Question 12

The frequency of all alleles in a population

Answer 12

p + q = 1

Question 13

Four processes that change allele frequencies

Answer 13

1. Mutation
2. Genetic drift
3. Migration
4. Natural Selection

Question 14

Mutation

Answer 14

random permanent change in the sequence of nucleotides in the DNA molecule

Question 15

Genetic drift

Answer 15

change in the allele frequencies in a population that occurs purely by chance events

Question 16

Migration

Answer 16

movement of individuals (and their alleles) between populations

Question 17

Natural Selection

Answer 17

Nonrandom process by which certain genotypes/ phenotypes are favored to survive and reproduce over other

Question 18

Calculate genotype and allele frequencies

Answer 18

1. Count how many individuals there are total (denominator)
2. How many of those individuals have that genotype (numerator)
3. For allele frequencies: multiply total individuals by 2, if there are any heterozygous ones add to number of dominant and recessive.

Question 19

Calculate genotype and allele frequencies for DIPLOIDS